I am working with Cisco Prime Infrastructure and need to create a CLI template for mass deployment to some switches. Prime uses Apache Velocity for its CLI content to script. I have run into a problem where I am running some code that loops through the VLANS on a switch and performs action per VLAN. The code works fine if the switch has multiple VLANS, but fails if it only has one. Example:
Switch1 consists of Vlan 1, so the array looks like this [Vlan1]
Switch2 consists of Vlan 1, Vlan 2, Vlan 3, array looks like [Vlan1, Vlan2, Vlan3]
The code:
#foreach($vlan in $VlanName)
interface $vlan
no ip helper-address
#end
$VlanName is defined in the Prime Database and returns the array of vlans on each switch. The above will work on Switch2 but will fail on Switch1. Is there a way in Apache Velocity to do a check to see if the array holds more than a single value? I would like to do an IF statement that changes the code to something like this:
#if ($VlanName.count = 1)
interface $VlanName
no ip helper-address
#else
#foreach($vlan in $VlanName)
interface $vlan
no ip helper-address
#end
Is this possible in Velocity?
You can always get the size by using invoking the size() method on the object.
#set($size = $VlanName.size())
#if($size == 1)
Only one
#end
Related
I have a celery app which has to be pinged by another app. This other app uses json to serialize celery task parameters, but my app has a custom serialization protocol. When the other app tries to ping my app (app.control.ping), it throws the following error:
"Celery ping failed: Refusing to deserialize untrusted content of type application/x-stjson (application/x-stjson)"
My whole codebase relies on this custom encoding, so I was wondering if there is a way to configure a json serialization but only for this ping, and to continue using the custom encoding for the other tasks.
These are the relevant celery settings:
accept_content = [CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION, "json"]
result_accept_content = [CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION, "json"]
result_serializer = CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION
task_serializer = CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION
event_serializer = CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION
Changing any of the last 3 to [CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION, "json"] causes the app to crash, so that's not an option.
Specs: celery=5.1.2
python: 3.8
OS: Linux docker container
Any help would be much appreciated.
Changing any of the last 3 to [CUSTOM_CELERY_SERIALIZATION, "json"] causes the app to crash, so that's not an option.
Because result_serializer, task_serializer, and event_serializer doesn't accept list but just a single str value, unlike e.g. accept_content
The list for e.g. accept_content is possible because if there are 2 items, we can check if the type of an incoming request is one of the 2 items. It isn't possible for e.g. result_serializer because if there were 2 items, then what should be chosen for the result of task-A? (thus the need for a single value)
This means that if you set result_serializer = 'json', this will have a global effect where all the results of all tasks (the returned value of the tasks which can be retrieved by calling e.g. response.get()) would be serialized/deserialized using the json-serializer. Thus, it might work for the ping but it might not for the tasks that can't be directly serialized/deserialized to/from JSON which really needs the custom stjson-serializer.
Currently with Celery==5.1.2, it seems that task-specific setting of result_serializer isn't possible, thus we can't set a single task to be encoded in 'json' and not 'stjson' without setting it globally for all, I assume the same case applies to ping.
Open request to add result_serializer option for tasks
A short discussion in another question
Not the best solution but a workaround is that instead of fixing it in your app's side, you may opt to just add support to serialize/deserialize the contents of type 'application/x-stjson' in the other app.
other_app/celery.py
import ast
from celery import Celery
from kombu.serialization import register
# This is just a possible implementation. Replace with the actual serializer/deserializer for stjson in your app.
def stjson_encoder(obj):
return str(obj)
def stjson_decoder(obj):
obj = ast.literal_eval(obj)
return obj
register(
'stjson',
stjson_encoder,
stjson_decoder,
content_type='application/x-stjson',
content_encoding='utf-8',
)
app = Celery('other_app')
app.conf.update(
accept_content=['json', 'stjson'],
)
You app remains to accept and respond stjson format, but now the other app is configured to be able to parse such format.
I think my choice of words is correct. I want to take a group of switches and compile a list of Ip addresses and specific interfaces to have netmiko push commands to. For instance, scan all cisco switches and put together a list of all interfaces in vlan X and not being used. Can someone point me in the right direction of how to do this?
Sounds like you need to figure out the different steps to work out your solution.
Maybe something this:
Connect to switch
run show commands
config interface to vlan xx
I don't see any code or anything you have attempted so far but here is a simple flow for looping through a list of IP addresses.
#Python 3.7
from netmiko import ConnectionHandler
username = "user"
password = "password"
for ip in IPlist:
# netmiko code profiles;
cisco ={
"host":IP,
"username":username,
"password":password,
"device_type: "cisco_ios"
}
with ConnectHandler(**cisco) as ssh_conn:
print(sshcon.find_prompt())
# do stuff here.
We have developed the tools to read the emails from the Domino mailboxes and write those into the separate file in local disk(Its look like a backup). Recently we have created a new domino 9 test environment with our lab. But, our tools not working properly with our new domino work environment. To identify the problem about this issue, I have added some debug logs and it seems to look like the control hanged with the function "NAMELookup2". Here, I have added the code snippet,
DHANDLE hLookup;
char *pLookup;
if (NAMELookup2("Local", 0, 1, "$users", 1, dominoUser, 2, "FullName", &hLookup) == NOERROR) // hunged with this line
{
pLookup = (char *) OSLockObject(hLookup);
}
The same tool working fine with our other test environment. So, I think there is no problem with the code. I suspect that maybe the problem with our new work environment setup creation, or maybe missed to provide some kind permission to the users, or maybe I missed to add the mailboxes somewhere, etc.
Note:
I have run the tool with admin privilege user.
It would be great if anyone gives some direction on this.
Thanks,
See this NAMELookup2 page for reference. The function is declared as:
STATUS LNPUBLIC NAMELookup2(const char far *ServerName, DWORD Flags,
WORD NumNameSpaces, const char far *NameSpaces,
WORD NumNames, const char far *Names,
WORD NumItems, const char far *Items,
DHANDLE far *rethBuffer);
where NumItems is the number of null-terminated item names starting at the Items address. The code snippet in your question is passing a single item name ("FullName"), but is setting NumItems to 2. That is clearly wrong and could explain the hang. NumItems should be 1.
I am also suspicious of the ServerName argument. The documentation recommends passing NULL when you want to do a local lookup. Passing "Local" may be another way to accomplish the same, but you need to change your code in any case. I recommend changing the first argument to NULL.
My goal is to write a c-dll (compiled with MinGW) that is able to search for certain models of USB sticks connected to the computer and deliver the serial number, the vendor ID, the product ID and the drive letter.
I have searched on the internet for several hours know but could not find an approach that works for me.
I am using the Setup Api to get a list of all connected USB devices. For each USB device I get a path that looks like this:
\?\usb#vid_048d&pid_1172#00000020370220#{a5dcbf10-6530-11d2-901f-00c04fb951ed}
From that string I can get the vendor ID, product ID and the serial number I am looking for.
My problem is now to determine the drive letter of the USB drive that is related to this device path.
During my internet research I found the following approach multiple times (for example here http://oroboro.com/usb-serial-number/):
Once the device path is found, the USB drive must be opened by CreateFile. The handle returned by that function can be used to get the device number by function DeviceIOControl with IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER.
After that, the CreateFile function could be used to open each drive letter (starting from a:) and try to get the device number the same way like described above. Once the same device number is found again, the relation between device path and drive letter is made.
My Problem is that the IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER call is not working. The DeviceIOControl function returns error code 50 which means "The request is not supported".
I am not able to create a link between the device path of a USB stick and the drive letter. I have tried several IOCTL_STORAGE and IOCTL_VOLUME calls but none worked for the USB sticks I tried.
I also read in another Forum that people had problems with the results of the DeviceIOControl function. It was returning the desired result on some PCs while it was making trouble on others.
Is there another way of achieving my goal?
I already had a look into the registry where I can also find the desired data. But again I had the problem to create the connection between device path and drive letter.
I would not like to use the WMI. I have read that it is still not really supported by MinGW.
I have a implementaion for all this with C# where it is really easy to get the desired information, but now I also need one that is created with unmanaged code and can be used to replace a c-dll also included in Delphi projects.
I would appreciate any suggestions for a solution to my problem.
Best regards,
Florian
And here the code if someone is interested. The position with this comment "//HERE IS WHERE I WOULD LIKE TO GET THE DEVICE NUMBER!!!" is where the request of the device number would be used if it would work.
typedef struct ty_TUSB_Device
{
PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA deviceDetailData;
char devicePath[300];
}TUSB_Device;
int
GetUSBDevices (TUSB_Device *devList[], int size)
{
HANDLE hHCDev;
HDEVINFO deviceInfo;
SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInfoData;
ULONG index;
ULONG requiredLength;
int devCount = 0;
//SP_DEVINFO_DATA DevInfoData;
// Now iterate over host controllers using the new GUID based interface
//
deviceInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs((LPGUID)&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE,
NULL,
NULL,
(DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE));
if (deviceInfo != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
deviceInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
for (index=0;
SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(deviceInfo,
0,
(LPGUID)&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE,
index,
&deviceInfoData);
index++)
{
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(deviceInfo,
&deviceInfoData,
NULL,
0,
&requiredLength,
NULL);
//allocate memory for pointer to TUSB_Device structure
devList[devCount] = malloc(sizeof(TUSB_Device));
devList[devCount]->deviceDetailData = GlobalAlloc(GPTR, requiredLength);
devList[devCount]->deviceDetailData->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA);
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(deviceInfo,
&deviceInfoData,
devList[devCount]->deviceDetailData,
requiredLength,
&requiredLength,
NULL);
//open the usb device
hHCDev = CreateFile(devList[devCount]->deviceDetailData->DevicePath,
GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
NULL);
// If the handle is valid, then we've successfully found a usb device
//
if (hHCDev != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
strncpy(devList[devCount]->devicePath, devList[devCount]->deviceDetailData->DevicePath, sizeof(devList[devCount]->devicePath));
//HERE IS WHERE I WOULD LIKE TO GET THE DEVICE NUMBER!!!
CloseHandle(hHCDev);
devCount++;
}
//GlobalFree(devList[devCount]->deviceDetailData);
}
SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(deviceInfo);
}
return devCount;
}
I found out what my problem was. From what I read on the internet it seems there where other people having the same problems like me, so I will post my solution.
The whole point is that there are obviously different path values one can obtain for a USB device using the SetupApi. All path values can be used to get a handle to that device, but there are obviously differences about what can be done with the handle.
My failure was to use GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE to list the devices. I found out that when I use GUID_DEVINTERFACE_DISK, I get a different path value that lets me request the device number. That way I am able to get the link to the drive letter.
That path value obtained with GUID_DEVINTERFACE_DISK also contains the serial number but not the vendor and product IDs. But since both path values do contain the serial, it is no problem to get them both and build the relation.
I tested the code with Windows XP, 7 and 8 and it works fine. Only the FileCreate code of the code sample above must be adjusted (replace GENERIC_WRITE by 0). Otherwise Administrator rights or compatibility mode are required.
I did not try to find out what these different GUID values really stand for. Someone with a deeper knowledge in this area could probably provide a better explanation.
Best regards,
Florian
I would like to find a way to grab the assigned IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to different interfaces and being able to determine which interface they're tied to.
Currently I am looping ' System.Net.NetworkInformation.NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces ' and able to grab interface specific information:
For Each nic As System.Net.NetworkInformation.NetworkInterface In System.Net.NetworkInformation.NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()
myarr(count2, 0) = (String.Format("{0}", nic.Description))
myarr(count2, 1) = (String.Format("{0}", nic.GetPhysicalAddress))
myarr(count2, 2) = (String.Format("{0}", nic.OperationalStatus))
myarr(count2, 3) = (String.Format("{0}", nic.Speed))
count2 += 1
Next
Through this method I can't determine a simple method to grab assigned IP Addresses unfortunately.
The most common method that I can easily find with google-foo is to find your IP via going through something like the following:
Dim ipAdd As IPAddress = Dns.GetHostEntry(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList.First(Function(f) f.AddressFamily = Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
Which is fine and dandy but I can't determine which interface is being used nor can it determine an assigned IP Address that's not going through DNS or mulitple NICS.
I can possibly do some ghetto method of issuing a command-line command and parsing all the information out of ipconfig or getting a GUID and running through the registry but I feel like there should be an easier more effecient method.
A good example of what I want is the ability to produce a list like IPCONFIG where it has interface information and their designated IP Addresess, etc...
in you for-loop try
Dim ip = nic.GetIPProperties().UnicastAddresses(0).Address;