Execute SAS macro for many parameters - sql

I use the following code to insert rows to the table:
proc sql;
create table business_keys as
select name, memname
from sashelp.vcolumn
where 1=0;
quit;
%macro insert(list);
proc sql;
%do i=1 %to &max;
%let val = %scan(&list,&i);
insert into business_keys
select distinct name, memname
from sashelp.vcolumn
where upcase(memname) = "&list"
and upcase(name) like '%_ZRODLO_ID%'
and length(name) = 12;
%end;
quit;
%mend;
%insert(&name1);
Now it inserts me the same row many &max times.
I have to execute it for all macro variables (&name#), not only for &name1. How I can pass all variables at the same time? In principle, I want to loop through all of these table names:
%insert(&name1-&name&max)
%name1 = PEOPLE, %name2 = CREDITS, ... %name%max = ANY_TABLE_NAME
Where &name# is table name and &max is number of tables.

ok, now i understand what you want to do, it is actually quite simple:
%macro insert;
proc sql;
%do i=1 %to &max;
insert into business_keys
select distinct name, memname
from sashelp.vcolumn
where upcase(memname) = upcase("&&name&i") and upcase(name) like '%_ZRODLO_ID%' and length(name) = 12;
%end;
quit;
%mend;
%insert;
&&name&i resolves to &name1\&name2...\&namex which resolves to PEOPLE\CREDITS...\ANY_TABLE_NAME depending on i.

Sounds like you want to pass a "macro array" to your macro to process. Where by "macro array" I mean a series of macro variables that all consist of a base name and a numeric suffix. Like NAME1, NAME2, etc. It would be easier to do that by passing two parameters to your macro. One for the basename of the array and one for the upper limit (or max) index.
%macro insert(basename,max);
%local i;
...
%do i=1 %to &max ;
... &&basename&i ...
%end;
...
%mend insert;
So you might call the macro like this:
%let name1=PEOPLE;
%let name2=CREDITS;
%insert(NAME,2);
Personally I would avoid the macro array and instead store the list in a single macro variable. If the list is just SAS names (datasets, libraries, variables, formats, etc.) then just use space for the delimiter. If it is something like labels that could include spaces then use some other character like | for the delimiter. Then your macro would look more like this.
%macro insert(memlist);
%local i;
...
%do i=1 %to %sysfunc(countw(&memlist,%str( ))) ;
... %scan(&memlist,&i,%str( )) ...
%end;
...
%mend insert;
So you might call the macro like this:
%insert(PEOPLE CREDITS);

If list looks like PEOPLE,CREDITS,...,ANY_TABLE_NAME
you should define max variable as following:
%let max = %sysfunc(countw(&list,',')).
You will know the number of iterations.
%macro insert(list);
%let max = %sysfunc(countw(&list,',')).
proc sql;
%do i=1 %to &max;
%let val = %scan(&list,&i);
insert into business_keys
select distinct name, memname
from sashelp.vcolumn
where upcase(memname) = "&val" and upcase(name) like '%_ZRODLO_ID%' and length(name) = 12;
%end;
quit;
%mend;

Related

Using macro for formula proc sql in SAS

I need some help with macros in SAS. I want to sum variables (for example, from v_1 to v_7) to aggregate them, grouping by year. There are plenty of them, so I want to use macro. However, it doesn't work (I get only v_1) I would really appreciate Your help.
%macro my_macro();
%local i;
%do i = 1 %to 7;
proc sql;
create table my_table as select
year,
sum(v_&i.) as v_&i.
from my_table
group by year
;
quit;
%end;
%mend;
/* I don't know to run this macro - is it ok? */
data run_macro;
set my_table;
%my_macro();
run;
The macro processor just generates SAS code and then passes onto to SAS to run. You are calling a macro that generates a complete SAS step in the middle of your DATA step. So you are trying to run this code:
data run_macro;
set my_table;
proc sql;
create table my_table as select
year,
sum(v_1) as v_1
from my_table
group by year
;
quit;
proc sql;
create table my_table as select
year,
sum(v_1) as v_1
from my_table
group by year
;
quit;
...
So first you make a copy of MY_TABLE as RUN_MACRO. Then you overwrite MY_TABLE with a collapsed version of MY_TABLE that has just two variables and only one observations per year. Then you try to collapse it again but are referencing a variable named V_2 that no longer exists.
If you simply move the %DO loop inside the generation of the SQL statement it should work. Also don't overwrite your input dataset. Here is version of the macro will create a new dataset name MY_NEW_TABLE with 8 variables from the existing dataset named MY_TABLE.
%macro my_macro();
%local i;
proc sql;
create table my_NEW_table as
select year
%do i = 1 %to 7;
, sum(v_&i.) as v_&i.
%end;
from my_table
group by year
;
quit;
%mend;
%my_macro;
Note if this is all you are doing then just use PROC SUMMARY. With regular SAS code instead of SQL code you can use variable lists like v_1-v_7. So there is no need for code generation.
proc summary nway data=my_table ;
class year ;
var v_1 - v_7;
output out=my_NEW_table sum=;
run;

SAS union distinct records from datasets with similar names

I have about 100 large datasets and within each dataset I'm hoping to extract distinct IDs to join them vertically. The datasets are unsorted, named as data_01 , data_02, data_03 ....data_100.
Since the datasets are all very large, set them together without reducing the size is not feasible, the join didn't even move after hours of running. Therefore, I believe there is the need to reduce the datasets before stacking is necessary, and I'm here to seek some help.
I tried to create a macro to select distinct ID and sum a numerical variable,cnt, by ID before vertically joining all datasets by proc sql union. The macro is not working properly:
/*Get dataset names*/
proc sql noprint;
select memname into :mylist separated by ' '
from dictionary.tables where libname= "mylib" and upcase(memname) like "DATA_%"
;
quit;
%put &mylist;
/*create union statements*/
%global nextdata;
%let nextdata =;
%macro combinedata(mylist);
data _null_;
datanum = countw("&mylist");
call symput('Dataset', put(datanum, 10.));
run;
%do i = 1 %to &Dataset ;
data _null_;
temp = scan("&mylist", &i);
call symput("Dataname", strip(put(temp,$12.)));
run;
%put &Dataname;
%put &Dataset;
%if (&i=&Dataset) %then %do;
%let nextdata = &nextdata.
select id, sum(cnt)
from mylib.&&Dataname
group by id;
%end;
%else %do;
%let nextdata = &nextdata.
select id, sum(cnt)
from mylib.&&Dataname union
group by id;
%end;
%put nextdata = &nextdata;
%end;
%mend combinedata;
%combinedata(&mylist);
/*execute from proc sql*/
proc sql;
create table combined as (&nextdata);
quit;
I have also attempted to use proc summary, but there was not enough memory to run the following code:
data vneed / view=vneed;
set data_: (keep=id cnt);
run;
proc summary data=vneed nway;
class id;
var cnt;
output out=want (drop=_type_) sum=sumcnt;
run;
Appreciate any help!
If the number of values of ID is reasonable you should be able to use a hash object.
data _null_ ;
if _n_=1 then do;
dcl hash H (ordered: "A") ;
h.definekey ("ID") ;
h.definedata ("ID", "SUMCNT") ;
h.definedone () ;
end;
set data_: (keep=id cnt) end=eof;
if h.find() then sumcnt=.;
sumcnt+cnt ;
h.replace() ;
if eof then h.output (dataset: "WANT") ;
run ;
If the number of ID values is too large to fit the summary data into a HASH object you could adapt this code to stop at some reasonable number of distinct ID values to avoid memory overload and write the current summary to an actual SAS dataset and then generate the final counts by re-aggregating the intermediate datasets. But at that point you should just use my other answer and let PROC SQL create the intermediate summary datasets instead.
Summarize the data as you go instead of trying to generate one massive query. Then re-aggregate the aggregates.
proc sql ;
%do i = 1 %to &Dataset ;
%let dataname=mylib.%scan(&mylist,&i,%str( ));
create table sum&i as
select id,sum(cnt) as cnt
from &dataname
group by id
order by id
;
%end;
quit;
data want ;
do until(last.id);
set sum1 - sum&dataset ;
by id;
sumcnt+cnt;
end;
drop cnt;
run;

ORA-00928: missing SELECT keyword, SQL statement was not passed to the DBMS, SAS will do the processing

I am so frustrated with this piece of code. I'm trying to pass in values using syspbuff which I do all the time. However, I want to pass in multiple values but for this UNION code I'm trying to do, it's giving me trouble. I am going from Oracle to SAS which I assume is causing the problem but I'd like an answer as to why. Previously, I had the source tables in temp space (SAS) and I didn't get this error. But when I had to create the tables in MYDB (Oracle) because of a specific reason, I started getting the large log with "failure to pass through" errors.
Interestingly, the code actually works and it does what I want it to but the problem is that I get a pop up that the log is too large and will open externally. Then it opens a text file that is HUGE and has tons of errors basically saying that it couldn't pass through the code into implicit pass through. I wasn't trying to do pass through for this particular piece of code. So, again, it works and I ultimately get what I want but the log issue is driving me bonkers.
%macro ALLPROVTYPE() / parmbuff;
%do ii = 1 %to %sysfunc(countw(%bquote(&syspbuff.)));
%let FT=%scan(%bquote(&SYSPBUFF),&ii);
CREATE TABLE MYSASLIB.ALLST_PROV_&FT._NULL AS
SELECT "AK" AS STATE,*
FROM MYDB.AK_PROV_&FT
%macro JNSTS() / parmbuff;
%do i = 1 %to %sysfunc(countw(%bquote(&syspbuff.)));
%let ST=%scan(%bquote(&SYSPBUFF),&i);
UNION CORR
SELECT "&ST" AS STATE,*
FROM MYDB.&ST._PROV_&FT
%end;
%mend JNSTS;
%JNSTS(&&PROVALL&FT);
;
%end;
%mend ALLPROVTYPE;
PROC SQL;
%ALLPROVTYPE(&PROVNUMS);
QUIT;
ACCESS ENGINE: ERROR: ORACLE prepare error: ORA-00928: missing SELECT keyword. SQL statement: DEBUG: DBMS engine returned an error - NO Implicit Passthru.
DEBUG: Error during prepare of:
The way I understood this query is, you are creating multiple tables, and each table is created as a select statement which is constructed through multiple select statements that are joined via a UNION CORR. Essentially something like:
create table <something> as
(select <something> as state, * from <something> union corr
select <something> as state, * from <something> union corr
select <something> as state, * from <something>);
Is this correct?
If yes, your macro code had some syntactically problematic nesting going on. Try the following code (though I wasn't able to fully verify it since I don't have information about the inputs to the macros):
/* Since this needs to be passed between the two macros */
%global FT;
%macro ALLPROVTYPE() / parmbuff;
%do ii = 1 %to %sysfunc(countw(%bquote(&syspbuff.)));
%let FT=%scan(%bquote(&SYSPBUFF),&ii);
CREATE TABLE MYSASLIB.ALLST_PROV_&FT._NULL AS (
%JNSTS(&&PROVALL&FT)
);
%end;
%mend;
%macro JNSTS() / parmbuff;
%do jj = 1 %to %sysfunc(countw(%bquote(&syspbuff.)));
%let ST=%scan(%bquote(&SYSPBUFF),&jj);
SELECT "&ST" AS STATE,* FROM MYDB.&ST._PROV_&FT
%if &jj NE %sysfunc(countw(%bquote(&syspbuff.))) %then
%do;
UNION CORR
%end;
%end;
%mend;
PROC SQL;
%ALLPROVTYPE(&PROVNUMS);
QUIT;

Using a SAS macro variable to select all values using the IN operator in PROC SQL

In a SAS script I have a macro variable which is later used in an SQL in statement in a PROC SQL step.
%let my_list = (1,2,3);
proc sql;
select *
from my_table
where var1 in &my_list.
;
quit;
This works fine, but I need some flexibility and also want to be able to select ALL lines without changing the SQL code itself, but just the macro variable.
Is there a trick to specifiy the macro variable so it selects ALL lines still using the IN operator? (avoiding a subquery solution that fills all possible values in the macro variable)
You could change your code to
%let where_clause = var1 in (1,2,3);
proc sql;
select *
from my_table
where &where_clause
;
quit;
And change the macro variable to %let where_clause = 1=1; in order to select all lines.
%let where_clause = 1=1;
proc sql;
select *
from my_table
where &where_clause
;
quit;
OR, if you are adamant about keeping your code unchanged, you could simply change the macro variable as follows in order for your where clause to always be true:
%let my_list = (1) or 1=1;
proc sql;
select *
from my_table
where var1 in &my_list
;
quit;
(dirty but gets the job done)

SAS: How do I transfer variables between IML statements?

Let's say I'm trying to do the following:
%macro test(a=);
%do i=1 %to &a;
proc iml;
b=b//(2*i);
quit;
%end;
proc iml;
print sum(b);
quit;
%mend;
%test(a=2);
In the code I'm trying to write, I can't put it all in one IML (I need a proc freq within the do loop). The code above gives the error "Matrix b not set to a value." How do I tell SAS what b is so that I can still access it after I've quit the iml statement?
Two suggestions:
1) Use the STORE statement to write the matrix B to disk at the end of the first call, then use the LOAD statement to read it in during the second call:
store B;
quit;
proc freq data=...;
run;
proc iml;
load B;
...
2) An alternative approach is to call PROC FREQ from within your PROC IML program by using the SUBMIT and ENDSUBMIT statements:
/* compute B */
submit;
proc freq data=...;
run;
endsubmit;
s = sum(b): /* B is still in scope */
You need to rework things so the PROC IML; and QUIT; are outside of the macro. This is good practice most of the time even in other scenarios where it's not that important, but here it's necessary.
IE
%macro test(a=);
%do i=1 %to &a;
b=b//(2*i);
%end;
proc iml;
%test(a=5);
quit;
QUIT ends the PROC IML session and clears its memory.