Is there any Function module that can generate ABAP code.
For eg: FM takes tables name and join conditions as input and generate ABAP code corresponding to that.
Thanks
You should consider using SAPQuery. SAP documentation here: https://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp60_sp/helpdata/en/d2/cb3efb455611d189710000e8322d00/content.htm
1. Generic reports are possible.
Your problem is, that You will have to draw a strict frame of what is
generic and what not, this means, some stuff MUST be that generic, that
it will deal with WHATEVER You want to do before ( mostly the selection ) ,
during ( mostly manipulation ---> I would offer a badi for that ), and output.
This means, that there is at least the output-step, which can be valid for ALL
data resulting from the steps before.
Consider a generic ALV-table_output, there are a lot of examples in the repo.
If You want to be the stuff printed out simple as list, this might include
more work, like, how big is the structure, when Dou You wrap a line, and so on, consider using a flag which allows to toggle the type of output .
2. Generic reports are a transportable object.
This refers to point one. Define clear stages and limits. What does the report do, and what is it not able to do. Because, even if it is in customer's namespace, each modification still will be put into transport-layers. Therefore a strict definition of features/limits is necessary so that the amount of transports due to "oh, but we also need that"-statements will not become infinite.
2. Generic reports are strict.
What does that mean ? You might want to parse the passed data ( table names, join-binding, selection-parameter-values ) and throw exceptions, if not properly set. Much work. You should offer a badi for that. If You do not do this, expect a dump. let it dump. In the end the user of Your report-api should know ( by documentation perhaps) how to call it. If not, a dynamic SQL-dump will be the result.
3. Generic reports might benefit from badis/exits.
This is self explanaining, I think. Especially generic/dynamic selection/modification/displaying of data should be extendable in terms of
custom-modifications. When You inspect, what a f4-search-help exit works like, You will understand, what I mean.
4. Generic coding is hard to debug, mostly a blackbox.
Self explaining, in the code-section below I can mark some of those sections.
5. Generic coding has some best prectice examples in the repo.
Do not reinvent the wheel. Check, how the se16n works by debugging it,
check how se11 works by debugging it. Check, what the SQL-Query-builder
looks like in the debugger. You will get the idea very soon,
and the copy-paste should be the most simple part of Your work.
6. That are the basic parts of what You might use.
Where clause determination and setting the params.
data lt_range type rsds_trange.
data ls_range_f type rsds_frange.
data lt_where type rsds_twhere.
data ls_where like line of lt_where.
ls_range_f = value #( sign = _sign
option = _option
low = _low
high = _high ).
.
.
.
append ls_frange to lt_range.
.
.
.
call function 'FREE_SELECTIONS_RANGE_2_WHERE'
exporting
field_ranges = lt_range
importing
where_clauses = lt_where.
You have the parameter, let us create the select-result-table.
data(lt_key) = value abap_keydescr_tab( for line in _joinfields)
( name = fieldname ) ).
data(lo_structdescr) = cast cl_abap_structdescr( cl_abap_structdescr=>describe_by_name( _struct_name ) ).
data(lo_tabledescr) = cl_abap_tabledescr=>create( line_type = lo_structdescr p_key = lt_key ).
create data ro_data type handle lo_tabledescr.
.
.
.
select (sel_st)
from (sel_bind)
into corresponding fields of table t_data
where (dyn_where).
Then assign the seelct-table-result-reference to the generic table of this select.
Do You need more hints ?
Yes, such possibility exists, but not by means of function modules. INSERT REPORT statement allows generating report by populating its code from internal text table:
INSERT REPORT prog FROM itab
[MAXIMUM WIDTH INTO wid]
{ [KEEPING DIRECTORY ENTRY]
| { [PROGRAM TYPE pt]
[FIXED-POINT ARITHMETIC fp]
[UNICODE ENABLING uc] }
| [DIRECTORY ENTRY dir] }.
Related
How to compare structure values component-wise and display the differences?
Now I do it in a very primitive way:
DATA: tkomp TYPE komp,
tkomp2 TYPE komp.
WRITE: `Field differences: `.
DO 500 TIMES.
ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE tkomp TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fld>).
IF sy-subrc = 0.
CHECK <fld> IS NOT INITIAL AND CONV string( <fld> ) CN ' 0,.'.
ENDIF.
ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE tkomp2 TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fld2>).
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
IF <fld> <> <fld2>.
WRITE: / `Component ` && sy-index && ` differs: ` && <fld>.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
Maybe there is more beautiful way? Maybe there is something like CL_ABAP_CORRESPONDING or something newer?
I found oldie threads, where they say The Debugger uses the class CL_TPDA_TOOL_DIFF for analyzing differences, hence is my follow-ip question: is it something that we can achieve in debugger?
I've never seen an applet in ABAP debugger that allows comparing structures against each other.
Your solution is actually quite okay. You might want to add CL_ABAP_STRUCTDESCR to get the names of the components for nicer output. It would also enable you to compare and analyze the types of the component's fields as well.
Unfortunately, there is no reusable class, function, or built-in method for that.
You will find the most precise comparison implementation in the class CL_ABAP_UNIT_ASSERT, method ASSERT_EQUALS. More precisely, the local class DATA_DIFF, method DIFF_STRUCTS, shows how to compare structures in a type- and nesting-tolerant way.
I can't speak for the class CL_TPDA_TOOL_DIFF. I've heard it mentioned before but we actually do not even have it in our SAP NW 7.52 systems.
I have also never seen a debugger view or plugin that would compare structures and display the differences. No idea where that comment comes from.
There are code snippets at below, you can pass the structure in cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data.
DATA: lo_struct TYPE REF TO cl_abap_structdescr,
lt_comp TYPE abap_component_tab,
ls_comp TYPE abap_componentdescr.
CLEAR lo_struct.
lo_struct ?= cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( p_data = lt_list_sum ).
REFRESH lt_comp.
lt_comp = lo_struct->get_components( ).
MOVE-CORRESPONDING gt_mov_grp TO gt_mov_grp_std.
LOOP AT lt_comp INTO ls_comp.
CLEAR lv_numeric.
IF ls_comp-name(4) EQ cx_move.
lv_numeric = ls_comp-name+5(2).
READ TABLE gt_mov_grp_std REFERENCE INTO lr_mov_grp WITH KEY report_order = lv_numeric.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0 AND
lr_mov_grp IS BOUND.
APPEND INITIAL LINE TO et_data REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_data).
MOVE-CORRESPONDING lr_mov_grp->* TO lr_data->*.
IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
UNASSIGN <fs>.
ENDIF.
ASSIGN COMPONENT ls_comp-name OF STRUCTURE lt_list_sum TO <fs>.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0 AND
<fs> IS ASSIGNED.
lr_data->amount = <fs>.
ENDIF.
IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
UNASSIGN <fs>.
ENDIF.
ASSIGN COMPONENT cx_currency OF STRUCTURE lt_list_sum TO <fs>.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0 AND
<fs> IS ASSIGNED.
lr_data->currency = <fs>.
ENDIF.
lr_data->datum = iv_datum.
lr_data->werks = iv_werks.
lr_data->kunnr = iv_kunnr.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
I'm fairly certain after years of searching that this is not possible, but I'll ask anyway.
The question is whether it's possible to use a dynamic variable in an operation when you don't know the field name. For example, I have a data structure that contains a few hundred fields. The operator selects one of those fields and the program needs to know what data resides in the field from the data structure passed. So we'll say that there are 100 fields, and field50 is what the operator chose to operate on. The program would be passed in the field name (i.e. field50) in the FLDNAM variable. The program would read something like this the normal way:
/free
if field50 = 'XXX'
// do something
endif;
/end-free
The problem is that I would have to code this 100 times for every operation. For example:
/free
if fldnam = 'field1';
// do something
elseif fldnam = 'field2';
// do something
..
elseif fldnam = 'field50';
// do something
endif;
Is there any possible way of performing an operation on a field not yet known? (i.e. IF FLDNAM(pointer data) = 'XXX' then do something)
If the data structure is externally-described and you know what file it comes from, you could use the QUSLFLD API to find out the offset, length, and type of the field in the data structure, and then use substring to get the data and then use other calculations to get the value, depending on the data type.
Simple answer, no.
RPG's simply not designed for that. Few languages are.
You may want to look at scripting languages. Perl for instance, can evaluate on the fly. REXX, which comes installed on the IBM i, has an INTERPRET keyword.
REXX Reference manual
I'm currently trying to perform a dynamic lossless assignment in an ABAP 7.0v SP26 environment.
Background:
I want to read in a csv file and move it into an internal structure without any data losses. Therefore, I declared the field-symbols:
<lfs_field> TYPE any which represents a structure component
<lfs_element> TYPE string which holds a csv value
Approach:
My current "solution" is this (lo_field is an element description of <lfs_field>):
IF STRLEN( <lfs_element> ) > lo_field->output_length.
RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE cx_sy_conversion_data_loss.
ENDIF.
I don't know how precisely it works, but seems to catch the most obvious cases.
Attempts:
MOVE EXACT <lfs_field> TO <lfs_element>.
...gives me...
Unable to interpret "EXACT". Possible causes: Incorrect spelling or comma error
...while...
COMPUTE EXACT <lfs_field> = <lfs_element>.
...results in...
Incorrect statement: "=" missing .
As the ABAP version is too old I also cannot use EXACT #( ... )
Example:
In this case I'm using normal variables. Lets just pretend they are field-symbols:
DATA: lw_element TYPE string VALUE '10121212212.1256',
lw_field TYPE p DECIMALS 2.
lw_field = lw_element.
* lw_field now contains 10121212212.13 without any notice about the precision loss
So, how would I do a perfect valid lossless assignment with field-symbols?
Don't see an easy way around that. Guess that's why they introduced MOVE EXACT in the first place.
Note that output_length is not a clean solution. For example, string always has output_length 0, but will of course be able to hold a CHAR3 with output_length 3.
Three ideas how you could go about your question:
Parse and compare types. Parse the source field to detect format and length, e.g. "character-like", "60 places". Then get an element descriptor for the target field and check whether the source fits into the target. Don't think it makes sense to start collecting the possibly large CASEs for this here. If you have access to a newer ABAP, you could try generating a large test data set there and use it to reverse-engineer the compatibility rules from MOVE EXACT.
Back-and-forth conversion. Move the value from source to target and back and see whether it changes. If it changes, the fields aren't compatible. This is unprecise, as some formats will change although the values remain the same; for example, -42 could change to 42-, although this is the same in ABAP.
To-longer conversion. Move the field from source to target. Then construct a slightly longer version of target, and move source also there. If the two targets are identical, the fields are compatible. This fails at the boundaries, i.e. if it's not possible to construct a slightly-longer version, e.g. because the maximum number of decimal places of a P field is reached.
DATA target TYPE char3.
DATA source TYPE string VALUE `123.5`.
DATA(lo_target) = CAST cl_abap_elemdescr( cl_abap_elemdescr=>describe_by_data( target ) ).
DATA(lo_longer) = cl_abap_elemdescr=>get_by_kind(
p_type_kind = lo_target->type_kind
p_length = lo_target->length + 1
p_decimals = lo_target->decimals + 1 ).
DATA lv_longer TYPE REF TO data.
CREATE DATA lv_longer TYPE HANDLE lo_longer.
ASSIGN lv_longer->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<longer>).
<longer> = source.
target = source.
IF <longer> = target.
WRITE `Fits`.
ELSE.
WRITE `Doesn't fit, ` && target && ` is different from ` && <longer>.
ENDIF.
Is there any way of programmatically getting the value of a Text Symbol at runtime?
The scenario is that I have a simple report that calls a function module. I receive an exported parameter in variable LV_MSG of type CHAR1. This indicates a certain status message created in the program, for instance F (Fail), X (Match) or E (Error). I currently use a CASE statement to switch on LV_MSG and fill another variable with a short description of the message. These descriptions are maintained as text symbols that I retrieve at compile time with text-MS# where # is the same as the possible returns of LV_MSG, for instance text-MSX has the value "Exact Match Found".
Now it seems to me that the entire CASE statement is unnecessary as I could just assign to my description variable the value of the text symbol with ID 'MS' + LV_MSG (pseudocode, would use CONCATENATE). Now my issue is how I can find a text symbol based on the String representation of its ID at runtime. Is this even possible?
If it is, my code would look cleaner and I wouldn't have to update my actual code when new messages are added in the function module, as I would simply have to add a new text symbol. But would this approach be any faster or would it in fact degrade the report's performance?
Personally, I would probably define a domain and use the fixed values of the domain to represent the values. This way, you would even get around the string concatenation. You can use the function module DD_DOMVALUE_TEXT_GET to easily access the language-dependent text of a domain value.
To access the text elements of a program, use a function module like READ_TEXT_ELEMENTS.
Be aware that generic programming like this will definitely slow down your program. Whether it would make your code look cleaner is in the eye of the beholder - if the values change rarely, I don't see why a simple CASE statement should be inferior to some generic text access.
Hope I understand you correctly but here goes. This is possible with a little trickery, all the text symbols in a report are defined as variables in the program (with the name text-abc where abc is the text ID). So you can use the following:
data: lt_all_text type standard table of textpool with default key,
lsr_text type ref to textpool.
"Load texts - you will only want to do this once
read textpool sy-repid into lt_all_text language sy-langu.
sort lt_all_Text by entry.
"Find a text, the field KEY is the text ID without TEXT-
read table lt_all_text with key entry = i_wanted_text
reference into lsr_text binary search.
If you want the address you can add:
field-symbols: <l_text> type any.
data l_name type string.
data lr_address type ref to data.
concatenate 'TEXT-' lsr_text->key into l_name.
assign (l_name) to <l_text>.
if sy-subrc = 0.
get reference of <l_text> into lr_address.
endif.
As vwegert pointed out this is probably not the best solution, for error handling rather use message classes or exception objects. This is useful in other cases though so now you know how.
I'm using GameMaker:Studio Pro and trying to execute a script stored in a variable as below:
script = close_dialog;
script_execute(script);
It doesn't work. It's obviously looking for a script named "script". Anyone know how I can accomplish this?
This question's quite old now, but in case anyone else ends up here via google (as I did), here's something I found that worked quite well and avoids the need for any extra data structures as reference:
scriptToCall = asset_get_index(scr_scriptName);
script_execute(scriptToCall);
The first line here creates the variable scriptToCall and then assigns to it Game Maker's internal ID number for the script you want to call. This allows script_execute to correctly find the script from the ID, which doesn't work if you try to pass it a string containing the script name.
I'm using this to define which scripts should be called in a particular situation from an included txt file, hence the need to convert a string into an addressable script ID!
You seem to have some confusion over how Game Maker works, so I will try to address this before I get around to the actual question.
GML is a rather simple-minded beast, it only knows two data types: strings and numbers. Everything else (objects, sprites, scripts, data structures, instances and so on) is represented with a number in your GML code.
For example, you might have an object called "Player" which has all kinds of fancy events, but to the code Player is just a constant number which you can (e.g.) print out with show_message(string(Player));
Now, the function script_execute(script) takes as argument the ID of the script that should be executed. That ID is just a normal number. script_execute will find the script with that ID in some internal table and then run the script.
In other words, instead of calling script_execute(close_dialog) you could just as well call script_execute(14) if you happened to know that the ID of close_dialog is 14 (although that is bad practice, since it make the code difficult to understand and brittle against ID changes).
Now it should be obvious that assigning the numeric value of close_dialog to a variable first and then calling script_execute on that variable is perfectly OK. In the end, script_execute only cares about the number that is passed, not about the name of the variable that this number comes from.
If you are thinking ahead a bit, you might wonder whether you need script_execute at all then, or if you could instead just do this:
script = close_dialog;
script();
In my opinion, it would be perfectly fine to allow this in the language, but it does not work - the function call operator actually does care about the name of the thing you try to call.
Now with that background out of the way, on to your actual question. If close_dialog is actually a script, your suggested code will work fine. If it is an extension function (or a built-in function -- I don't own Studio so what do I know) then it does not actually have an ID, and you can't call it with script_execute. In fact, you can't even assign close_dialog to a variable then because it does not have any value in GML -- all you can do with it then is call it. To work around this though, you could create a script (say, close_dialog_script which only calls close_dialog, which you can then use just as above.
Edit: Since it does not seem to work anyway, check whether you have a different resource by the name of close_dialog (perhaps a button sprite). This kind of conflict could mean that close_dialog gives you the ID of the sprite, not of the script, while calling the script directly would still work.
After much discussion on the forums, I ended up going with this method.
I wrote a script called script_id()
var sid;
sid = 6; //6 = scriptnotfound script :)
switch (argument0) {
case "load_room":
sid = 0;
break;
case "show_dialog":
sid = 1;
break;
case "close_dialog":
sid = 3;
break;
case "scrExample":
sid = 4;
break;
}
return sid;
So now I can call script_execute(script_id("close_dialog"));
I hate it, but it's better than keeping a spreadsheet... in my opinion.
There's also another way, with execute_string();
Should look like this:
execute_string(string(scriptName) + "();");