For Excel purposes I need to create a CSV file with a exact format, where some columns are temperatures presented as floats. This is my input file structure:
'14/11/09 00:00 13.0C 25.1C 26.5C 25.4C 26.3C 25.0C *** *** Some text Control
'14/11/10 08:49 POWER ON
So far I'm able to get rid of "dot" to have "comma" instead. I have multiple files and I made a list of them. This list I'm passing to my script, which reads it line by line ($line represents input file):
grep "'" $line | tr -s " " | sed -e "s/'//g" | cut -d" " -f 1-15 |
grep "\*\*\*" | sed -e "s/\./,/g" > $basename"_measurements.csv"
14/11/09 00:00 13,0C 25,1C 26,5C 25,4C 26,3C 25,0C *** *** Some text Control
Excel does not accept 13,0C as number. But I simply don't have any idea how to get rid of this "C" close to number, eg: "13,0C" and so on. I cannot do sed on whole line cause I will broke text in columns (eg. last column). I thought of using awk on columns 3-8 and pipe them to sed. But it gets more and more complicated. Maybe there is a smarter way to do it?
this will trim all C next to a digit
sed -r 's/([0-9])C/\1/g'
if you want to do the replacement only with certain fields, you'll have better control with awk
Related
I have a file which has the following content:
10 tiny toes
tree
this is that tree
5 funny 0
There are spaces at the end of the file. I want to get the line number of the last row of a file (that has characters). How do I do that in SED?
This is easily done with awk,
awk 'NF{c=FNR}END{print c}' file
With sed it is more tricky. You can use the = operator but this will print the line-number to standard out and not in the pattern space. So you cannot manipulate it. If you want to use sed, you'll have to pipe it to another or use tail:
sed -n '/^[[:blank:]]*$/!=' file | tail -1
You can use following pseudo-code:
Replace all spaces by empty string
Remove all <beginning_of_line><end_of_line> (the lines, only containing spaces, will be removed like this)
Count the number of remaining lines in your file
It's tough to count line numbers in sed. Some versions of sed give you the = operator, but it's not standard. You could use an external tool to generate line numbers and do something like:
nl -s ' ' -n ln -ba input | sed -n 's/^\(......\)...*/\1/p' | sed -n '$p'
but if you're going to do that you might as well just use awk.
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed -n '/\S/=' file | sed -n '$p'
For all lines that contain a non white space character, print a line number. Pipe this output to second invocation of sed and print only the last line.
Alternative:
grep -n '\S' file | sed -n '$s/:.*//p'
I am attempting to convert the files with the titles {out1.hmm, out2.hmm, ... , outn.hmm} to unique identifiers based on the third line of the file {PF12574.hmm, PF09847.hmm, PF0024.hmm} The script works on a single file however the variable does not get overwritten and only one file remains after running the command below:
for f in *.hmm;
do output="$(sed -n '3p' < $f |
awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' |
cut -f1 -d '.' | cat)" |
mv $f "${output}".hmm; done;
The first line calls all the outn.hmms as an input. The second line sets a variable to return the desired unique identifier. SED, AWK, and CUT are used to get the unique identifier. The variable supposed to rename the current file by the unique identifier, however the variable remains locked and overwrites the previous file.
out1.hmm out2.hmm out3.hmm becomes PF12574.hmm
How can I overwrite the variable to get the following file structure:
out1.hmm out2.hmm out3.hmm becomes PF12574.hmm PF09847.hmm PF0024.hmm
You're piping the empty output of the assignment statement (to the variable named "output") into the mv command. That variable is not set yet, so what I think will happen is that you will - one after the other - rename all the files that match *.hmm to the file named ".hmm".
Try ls -a to see if that's what actually happened.
The sed, awk, cut, and (unneeded) cat are a bit much. awk can do all you need. Then do the mv as a separate command:
for f in *.hmm
do
output=$(awk 'NR == 3 {print $2}' "$f")
mv "$f" "${output%.*}.hmm"
done
Note that the above does not do any checking to verify that output is assigned to a reasonable value: one that is non-empty, that is a proper "identifier", etc.
I have file with Nth columns
I want to remove the 5th column from last of Nth columns
Delimiter is "|"
I tested with simple example as shown below:
bash-3.2$ echo "1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8" | nawk -F\| '{print $(NF-4)}'
4
Expecting result:
1|2|3|5|6|7|8
How should I change my command to get the desired output?
If I understand you correctly, you want to use something like this:
sed -E 's/\|[^|]*((\|[^|]*){4})$/\1/'
This matches a pipe character \| followed by any number of non-pipe characters [^|]*, then captures 4 more of the same pattern ((\|[^|]*){4}). The $ at the end matches the end of the line. The first part of the match (i.e. the fifth field from the end) is dropped.
Testing it out:
$ sed -E 's/\|[^|]*((\|[^|]*){4})$/\1/' <<<"1|2|3|4|5|6|7"
1|2|4|5|6|7
You could achieve the same thing using GNU awk with gensub but I think that sed is the right tool for the job in this case.
If your version of sed doesn't support extended regex syntax with -E, you can modify it slightly:
sed 's/|[^|]*\(\(|[^|]*\)\{4\}\)$/\1/'
In basic mode, pipes are interpreted literally but parentheses for capture groups and curly brcneed to be escaped.
AWK is your friend :
Sample Input
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|A
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|F|E|D|O|R|Q|U|I
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|E|O|Q
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|X
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L
Script
awk 'BEGIN{FS="|";OFS="|"}
{$(NF-5)="";sub(/\|\|/,"|");print}' file
Sample Output
A|B|C|E|F|G|H|I
A|B|C|D|F|G|H|I|A
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|F|E|O|R|Q|U|I
A|B|C|D|E|F|H|I|E|O|Q
A|B|C|D|F|G|H|I|X
A|B|C|D|E|F|H|I|J|K|L
What we did here
As you are aware awk's has special variables to store each field in the record, which ranges from $1,$2 upto $(NF)
To exclude the 5th from the last column is as simple as
Emptying the colume ie $(NF-5)=""
Removing from the record, the consecutive | formed by the above step ie do sub(/\|\|/,"|")
another alternative, using #sjsam's input file
$ rev file | cut -d'|' --complement -f6 | rev
A|B|C|E|F|G|H|I
A|B|C|D|F|G|H|I|A
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|F|E|O|R|Q|U|I
A|B|C|D|E|F|H|I|E|O|Q
A|B|C|D|F|G|H|I|X
A|B|C|D|E|F|H|I|J|K|L
not sure you want the 5'th from the last or 6th. But it's easy to adjust.
Thanks for the help and guidance.
Below is what I tested:
bash-3.2$ echo "1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9" | nawk 'BEGIN{FS="|";OFS="|"} {$(NF-4)="!";print}' | sed 's/|!//'
Output: 1|2|3|4|6|7|8|9
Further tested on the file that I have extracted from system and so it worked fine.
Lets say my data looks like this
iqwertyuiop
and I want to replace all the letters i after column 3 with a Z.. so my output would look like this
iqwertyuZop
How can I do this with sed or awk?
It's not clear what you mean by "column" but maybe this is what you want using GNU awk for gensub():
$ echo iqwertyuiop | awk '{print substr($0,1,3) gensub(/i/,"Z","g",substr($0,4))}'
iqwertyuZop
Perl is handy for this: you can assign to a substring
$ echo "iiiiii" | perl -pe 'substr($_,3) =~ s/i/Z/g'
iiiZZZ
This would totally be ideal for the tr command, if only you didn't have the requirement that the first 3 characters remain untouched.
However, if you are okay using some bash tricks plus cut and paste, you can split the file into two parts and paste them back together afterwords:
paste -d'\0' <(cut -c-3 foo) <(cut -c4- foo | tr i Z)
The above uses paste to rejoin together the two parts of the file that get split with cut. The second section is piped through tr to translate i's to Z's.
(1) Here's a short-and-simple way to accomplish the task using GNU sed:
sed -r -e ':a;s/^(...)([^i]*)i/\1\2Z/g;ta'
This entails looping (t), and so would not be as efficient as non-looping approaches. The above can also be written using escaped parentheses instead of unescaped characters, and so there is no real need for the -r option. Other implementations of sed should (in principle) be up to the task as well, but your MMV.
(2) It's easy enough to use "old awk" as well:
awk '{s=substr($0,4);gsub(/i/,"Z",s); print substr($0,1,3) s}'
The most intuitive way would be to use awk:
awk 'BEGIN{FS="";OFS=FS}{for(i=4;i<=NF;i++){if($i=="i"){$i="Z"}}}1' file
FS="" splits the input string by characters into fields. We iterate trough character/field 4 to end and replace i by Z.
The final 1 evaluates to true and make awk print the modified input line.
With sed it looks not very intutive but still it is possible:
sed -r '
h # Backup the current line in hold buffer
s/.{3}// # Remove the first three characters
s/i/Z/g # Replace all i by Z
G # Append the contents of the hold buffer to the pattern buffer (this adds a newline between them)
s/(.*)\n(.{3}).*/\2\1/ # Remove that newline ^^^ and assemble the result
' file
I want to cut the characters n-N of a line, but ONLY if the line begins with certain characters, otherwise I want to print the whole line.
Simplified File example:
John
123456987123
Mark
123546792019
I want to make two new files, one with the FIRST 6 numbers and the other with the last 6 numbers, but still containing the headers, so
John
123456
Mark
123546
John
987123
Mark
792019
Can I tell grep cut to only cut if the string matches, but to otherwise give the whole file? What sort of awk command can cut lines if a condition is met or otherwise print the whole line?
Thanks
Grep can only grep, not cut.
awk '/^[0-9]/{print(substr($0,0,6));next;}
# Fall through here in case of no match
{print}' inputfile
You can generate your 2 files in a single sed script, reading your input file only once. Put what is bellow in a text file, and run is with sed -f script_file input_file. It will generate the f1 and f2 files and output the input file.
/^[^0-9]/{
w f1
w f2
}
/^[0-9]/{
h
s/^\(.\{6\}\).*/\1/
w f1
g
s/^.\{6\}//
w f2
g}
grep should be fine:
grep -E -o '^[0-9]{6}|^[^0-9].*' input > first.txt
grep -E -o '[0-9]{6}$|^[^0-9].*' input > last.txt