(VB) Suggestions with implementing a player shoot event - vb.net

I'm currently working on a game in Visual Basic similar to an arcade shooter. The player moves their ship left and right across the screen using the arrow keys, while they 'shoot' using the spacebar. Problem is, I'm not sure where to place the bullet's movement so it will constantly move (not just spawn on a key-down event) and be updated by the Render() function. Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.
My current code is displayed below; it's my first time using a game loop, so apologies if anything's misused.
Public Class frmMain
'Diming drawing surface & controls
Dim g, bbg As Graphics
Dim backBuff As Bitmap
Dim keys(256) As Boolean
Dim clientWidth, clientHeight As Integer
Dim timer As Stopwatch
Dim interval, startTick As Long
'Diming playerShip
Dim playerSize As Long = 64
Dim playerShip As New Rectangle(180, 430, playerSize, playerSize)
Dim playerLoc As New Point(playerShip.Location)
Dim playerSpr As Image = My.Resources.sprPlayer
Dim playerSpeed As Long
'Diming playerBullet
Dim playerBulletWidth As Long = 9
Dim playerBulletHeight As Long = 20
Dim playerBullet As New Rectangle(playerLoc.X, playerLoc.Y - 20, playerBulletWidth, playerBulletHeight)
Dim playerBulletLoc As New Point(playerBullet.Location)
Dim playerBulletSpr As Image = My.Resources.sprPlayerBullet
Dim playerBulletSpeed As Long
Dim playerShoot As Boolean = False
Public Sub frmMain_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
'Configuring specific properties of the form
Me.DoubleBuffered = True
Me.MaximizeBox = False
Me.FormBorderStyle = Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.Fixed3D
'Me.BackColor = Color.Black
'configuring timer controls
interval = 16
timer = New Stopwatch()
'Assigning values to empty variables
clientWidth = 450
clientHeight = 550
playerSpeed = 5
playerBulletSpeed = 5
'Configuring drawing surface
g = Me.CreateGraphics
backBuff = New Bitmap(clientWidth, clientHeight, Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppPArgb)
bbg = Graphics.FromImage(backBuff)
'Initially draw playerShip
bbg.DrawImage(playerSpr, playerShip)
'bbg.DrawImage(playerBulletSpr, playerBullet)
End Sub
Private Sub frmMain_KeyDown(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs) Handles Me.KeyDown
keys(e.KeyCode) = True
End Sub
Private Sub frmMain_KeyUp(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs) Handles Me.KeyUp
keys(e.KeyCode) = False
End Sub
Private Sub frmMain_Shown(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Shown
GameLoop()
End Sub
Private Sub GameLoop()
timer.Start()
Do While (Me.Created)
startTick = timer.ElapsedMilliseconds
GameLogic()
Render()
Application.DoEvents()
'Allows game to run at constant speed on different machines
Do While timer.ElapsedMilliseconds - startTick < interval
Loop
Loop
End Sub
Private Sub GameLogic()
'Spawning, movement & collision
Dim keyPressed As Boolean = False
'playerShip movement & shooting
'Checks for no collision with form's right wall
If Not playerShip.Location.X + playerSpeed > clientWidth - playerShip.Width - playerSpeed Then
'Move playerShip right (right arrow)
If keys(39) Then
playerLoc = New Point(playerShip.Location.X + playerSpeed, playerShip.Location.Y)
playerShip.Location = playerLoc
keyPressed = True
End If
End If
'Checks for no collision with form's left wall
If Not playerShip.Location.X - playerSpeed < 0 Then
'Move playerShip left (left arrow)
If keys(37) Then
playerLoc = New Point(playerShip.Location.X - playerSpeed, playerShip.Location.Y)
playerShip.Location = playerLoc
keyPressed = True
End If
End If
'Launch bullet (space-bar)
If keys(32) Then
playerShoot = True
keyPressed = True
PlayerShipShoot()
End If
End Sub
Private Sub PlayerShipShoot()
'Add bullet activity here... maybe
End Sub
Private Sub Render()
'Drawing playerShip & playerBullet
bbg.DrawImage(playerSpr, playerShip)
If playerShoot = True Then
bbg.DrawImage(playerBulletSpr, playerBullet)
End If
'Drawing backBuff to the form
g.DrawImage(backBuff, 0, 0)
bbg.Clear(Color.Silver)
End Sub
End Class
Thanks.

Related

ListView: MultiSelect items with mouse drag

In ListView, I can press Ctrl + Shift and click on the item to select. But, I want to drag the mouse to select the items (like DataGridView). I tried this code (below) and I had a problem like this:
My code:
Private mouseDownLV As Boolean
Private Sub ListView1_MouseDown(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseDown
mouseDownLV = True
End Sub
Private Sub ListView1_MouseMove(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseMove
If mouseDownLV Then
Try
Dim i = ListView1.HitTest(e.Location).Item.Index
ListView1.Items(i).Selected = True
Catch ' ex As Exception
End Try
End If
End Sub
Private Sub ListView1_MouseUp(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseUp
mouseDownLV = False
End Sub
Actually you need to iterate through the currently displayed ListViewItem objects and toggle the Selected property of the items that intersect with the mouse movement. Here's a way to achieve that:
Declare a class member named startPoint:
Private startPoint As Point
Handle the MouseDown event to set the starting position:
Private Sub ListView1_MouseDown(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseDown
Dim s = DirectCast(sender, ListView)
If e.Button = MouseButtons.Left AndAlso
s.Items.Count > 1 Then
startPoint = e.Location
End If
End Sub
Handle the MouseMove event to toggle the Selected property:
Private Sub ListView1_MouseMove(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseMove
Dim s = DirectCast(sender, ListView)
If e.Button = MouseButtons.Left AndAlso s.Items.Count > 1 Then
Dim selRect As New Rectangle(Math.Min(startPoint.X, e.Location.X),
Math.Min(startPoint.Y, e.Location.Y),
Math.Abs(e.Location.X - startPoint.X),
Math.Abs(e.Location.Y - startPoint.Y))
Dim cr = s.ClientRectangle
'Toggle selection...
For Each item In s.Items.Cast(Of ListViewItem).
Where(Function(x) x.Bounds.IntersectsWith(cr))
item.Selected = selRect.IntersectsWith(item.Bounds)
Next
End If
End Sub
A quick demo to check that:
But what if you have many items where the size of the client area is not large enough to display them all and thus the vertical scrollbar is visible? You will get something like this:
As you can see, the vertical scrollbar does not move and you won't be able to continue selecting/deselecting the hidden items. To fix that, we need some more code:
Import the signature of the GetScrollPos function somewhere in your class:
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
'...
<DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)>
Private Shared Function GetScrollPos(hWnd As IntPtr,
nBar As Orientation) As Integer
End Function
Note: Passing a System.Windows.Forms.Orientation value instead of an Interger.
Change the MouseDown event to:
Private Sub ListView1_MouseDown(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseDown
Dim s = DirectCast(sender, ListView)
If e.Button = MouseButtons.Left AndAlso
s.Items.Count > 1 Then
Dim vsp = GetScrollPos(s.Handle, Orientation.Vertical)
Dim yOffset = s.Font.Height * vsp
startPoint = New Point(e.X, e.Y + yOffset)
End If
End Sub
And the MouseMove event to:
Private Sub ListView1_MouseMove(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs) Handles ListView1.MouseMove
Dim s = DirectCast(sender, ListView)
If e.Button = MouseButtons.Left AndAlso s.Items.Count > 1 Then
Dim vsp = GetScrollPos(s.Handle, Orientation.Vertical)
Dim yOffset = s.Font.Height * vsp
Dim selRect As New Rectangle(Math.Min(startPoint.X, e.Location.X),
Math.Min(startPoint.Y - yOffset, e.Location.Y),
Math.Abs(e.Location.X - startPoint.X),
Math.Abs(e.Location.Y - startPoint.Y + yOffset))
Dim cr = s.ClientRectangle
'Toggle selection...
For Each item In s.Items.Cast(Of ListViewItem).
Where(Function(x) x.Bounds.IntersectsWith(cr))
item.Selected = selRect.IntersectsWith(item.Bounds)
Next
'Scroll if needed...
Dim p = s.PointToClient(Cursor.Position)
Dim lvi = s.GetItemAt(p.X, p.Y)
If lvi Is Nothing Then Return
Dim fh = s.Font.Height
If lvi.Index > 0 AndAlso (p.Y - lvi.Bounds.Height * 1.5) <= fh Then
s.Items(lvi.Index - 1).EnsureVisible()
ElseIf lvi.Index < s.Items.Count - 1 AndAlso
(p.Y + lvi.Bounds.Height * 1.5) > (s.Height - fh) Then
s.Items(lvi.Index + 1).EnsureVisible()
End If
End If
End Sub
The outcome is:
Here is VB.NET custom ListView control for this problem, and another in C#.

Add Event to Picture Box dynamically vb.net

I'm trying to add pictureboxes dynamically in vb.net.
If i play with the vars, changing the "i" value i can add the images and the event to the last picturebox created (i can only click the last images).
But when i use the code below, it says the there's something out of boundaries ( Index outside the bounds of the matrix ).
What am i doing wrong? Tks
Imports System.IO
Public Class FormMain
Dim Path1 As String = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath) & "\Source\Images\1.png"
Dim Path2 As String = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath) & "\Source\Images\2.png"
Private Sub FormMain_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
CreateImages()
End Sub
Dim i As Integer
Dim Logo(i) As PictureBox
Sub CreateImages()
Dim i As Integer = TextBoxNumberImages.Text
For i = 0 To i - 1
Logo(i) = New PictureBox
Logo(i).Name = "Image" + Str(i)
Panel1.Controls.Add(Logo(i))
Logo(i).Image = Image.FromFile(Path1)
Logo(i).SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.StretchImage
AddHandler Logo(i).Click, AddressOf _Click
Next
End Sub
'------ADD EVENT----
Dim IsImageSelected(i) As Boolean
Private Sub _Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
If IsImageSelected(i) = False Then
Logo(i).Image = Image.FromFile(Path2)
IsImageSelected(i) = True
Else
Logo(i).Image = Image.FromFile(Path1)
IsImageSelected(i) = False
End If
End Sub
----EDIT----
I just changed the var declaration to inside of the function:
Sub CreateImages()
Dim i As Integer = TextBoxNumberImages.Text
Dim Logo(i) As PictureBox
For i = 0 To i - 1
Logo(i) = New PictureBox
Logo(i).Name = "Image" + Str(i)
Panel1.Controls.Add(Logo(i))
Logo(i).Image = Image.FromFile(Path1)
Logo(i).SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.StretchImage
AddHandler Logo(i).Click, AddressOf _Click
Next
End Sub
Now it creates the images the way i want, but i can't access the pictureboxes in the event. Help?
Don't use an array, use a List(Of PictureBox) instead. You could also store the selected state in the Tag() of the PictureBox. To get a reference to the PictureBox that was clicked, cast the Sender parameter. All together it would look something like this:
Private Logo As New List(Of PictureBox)
Sub CreateImages()
Dim i As Integer = TextBoxNumberImages.Text
For i = 0 To i - 1
Dim pb As New PictureBox
pb = New PictureBox
pb.Tag = False ' <-- initial not selected state
pb.Name = "Image" + Str(i)
Panel1.Controls.Add(pb)
pb.Image = Image.FromFile(Path1)
pb.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.StretchImage
AddHandler pb.Click, AddressOf _Click
Logo.Add(pb)
Next
End Sub
Private Sub _Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
Dim pb As PictureBox = DirectCast(sender, PictureBox)
Dim selected As Boolean = DirectCast(pb.Tag, Boolean)
If selected = False Then
pb.Image = Image.FromFile(Path2)
Else
pb.Image = Image.FromFile(Path1)
End If
pb.Tag = Not selected ' toggle selected state
End Sub

(VB) Spawning multiple enemies

I'm currently making an arcade shooting game in Visual Basic which spawns enemies at the top of the form which move vertically downward toward the player. My current code spawns the enemy, but any attempt to add another 'enemyShip' to the 'enemyShips' array fails and hence, only a single enemy is spawned. Any help as to how to spawn multiple enemies would be appreciated. My current code is below:
Dim enemySize As Integer = 32
Dim enemySpawn As New Point(150, 0)
Dim enemyShip As New Rectangle(150, 0, enemySize, enemySize)
Dim enemyLoc As New Point(enemyShip.Location)
Dim enemySpr As Image = My.Resources.sprEnemy32x32
Dim enemySpeed As Integer = 5
Dim enemyShips(-1) As Rectangle
Dim intCount As Integer = 0
Dim g, bbg As Graphics
Dim backBuff As Bitmap
Private Sub frmMain_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
g = Me.CreateGraphics
backBuff = New Bitmap(300, 300, Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppPArgb)
bbg = Graphics.FromImage(backBuff)
tmrSpawn.Enabled = True
tmrRender.Enabled = True
End Sub
Private Sub tmrSpawn_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles tmrSpawn.Tick
SpawnEnemy()
End Sub
Private Sub SpawnEnemy()
'Add enemyShip to index in array enemyShips
'Add 1 to enemyShip's index so new rectangle is stored in the next index
ReDim Preserve enemyShips(intCount)
enemyShips(intCount) = enemyShip
intCount += 1
'Move newly created enemyShip vertically downward on the form
For Each Me.enemyShip In enemyShips
enemyLoc = New Point(enemyShip.Location.X, enemyShip.Location.Y + enemySpeed)
enemyShip.Location = enemyLoc
Next
End Sub
Private Sub tmrRender_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles tmrRender.Tick
bbg.DrawImage(enemySpr, enemyShip)
g.DrawImage(backBuff, 0, 0)
bbg.Clear(Color.Gray)
End Sub

How to draw points when user clicks on a map

Dim HaveToDraw As New Boolean
Dim xMouse As Integer
Dim yMouse As Integer
Private Sub foo(sender As Object, e As PaintEventArgs) Handles PictureBox1.Paint
If HaveToDraw = True Then
e.Graphics.FillEllipse(Brushes.Green, xMouse, yMouse, 10, 10)
End If
HaveToDraw = False
End Sub
Sub PictureBox1_MouseClick(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs) Handles PictureBox1.MouseClick
If RadioButton1.Checked = True Then
xMouse = e.X
yMouse = e.Y
HaveToDraw = True
PictureBox1.Refresh()
End If
End Sub
This code lets the user draw an elipse when he clicks on any point on the map, but there are 2 problems with it: 1 - The user is able to draw only one elipse; 2 - The user is not able to erase a previously created elipse.
So, how can I do that solving these two problems?
As #Idle_Mind suggested, you could use a list to store your points, and a right-click event to remove the points:
Dim radius as Integer = 5
Private points As New List(Of Point)()
Private Sub pictureBox1_MouseClick(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs)
If e.Button = System.Windows.Forms.MouseButtons.Left Then
points.Add(e.Location) ' add point on left click
ElseIf e.Button = System.Windows.Forms.MouseButtons.Right Then
For i As Integer = 0 To points.Count - 1 ' remove points on right-click
If distance(points(i).X, points(i).Y, e.Location) < radius Then
points.RemoveAt(i)
End If
Next
End If
pictureBox1.Refresh()
End Sub
'helper function
Private Function distance(x__1 As Integer, y__2 As Integer, mousep As Point) As Integer
Dim X__3 As Integer = CInt(Math.Pow(CDbl(x__1 - mousep.X), 2))
Dim Y__4 As Integer = CInt(Math.Pow(CDbl(y__2 - mousep.Y), 2))
Return CInt(Math.Sqrt(CDbl(X__3 + Y__4)))
End Function
Private Sub pictureBox1_Paint(sender As Object, e As PaintEventArgs)
For i As Integer = 0 To points.Count - 1
e.Graphics.FillEllipse(Brushes.Green, points(i).X - radius, points(i).Y - radius, radius * 2, radius * 2)
Next
End Sub
I also changed the paint code to draw the circles so that they are centered under the mouse-click.

Highlighting Listbox Item when Mouseover on Item

I manage to customize the normal list box with an image, change text and background color when item is selected in ownerdrawn, what I want to achieve now is to drawn a custom highlight color on the item when mouse is hover on the listbox item, is that possible or not..., I provided my sample code below on what I come so far..
If e.Index = -1 Then Exit Sub
Dim listBox As ListBox = CType(sender, ListBox)
e.DrawBackground()
Dim isItemSelected As Boolean = ((e.State And DrawItemState.Selected) = DrawItemState.Selected)
If e.Index >= 0 AndAlso e.Index < listBox.Items.Count Then
Dim textSize As SizeF = e.Graphics.MeasureString(listBox.Items(e.Index).ToString(), listBox.Font)
Dim itemImage As Image = My.Resources.FolderHorizontal
'set background and text color
Dim backgroundColorBrush As New SolidBrush(If((isItemSelected), Color.CornflowerBlue, Color.White))
Dim itemTextColorBrush As Color = If((isItemSelected), Color.White, Color.Black)
e.Graphics.FillRectangle(backgroundColorBrush, e.Bounds)
'draw the item image
e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality
e.Graphics.DrawImage(itemImage, e.Bounds.X + 2, _
e.Bounds.Y + (e.Bounds.Height - textSize.Height) / 2, _
itemImage.Width, itemImage.Height)
'draw the item text
Dim x, y As Single
Dim h As Single = textSize.Height
Dim rect As Rectangle = e.Bounds
rect.X += listBox.ItemHeight
rect.Width -= listBox.ItemHeight
x = rect.X - 3
y = rect.Y + (rect.Height - h) / 2
Dim itemText As String = listBox.Items(e.Index).ToString()
TextRenderer.DrawText(e.Graphics, itemText, e.Font, _
New Rectangle(x, y, ClientRectangle.Width, ClientRectangle.Height), _
itemTextColorBrush, TextFormatFlags.Default)
'clean up
backgroundColorBrush.Dispose()
End If
e.DrawFocusRectangle()
You can use the IndexFromPoint to do something like that:
Dim mouseIndex As Integer = -1
Private Sub ListBox1_MouseMove(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs) _
Handles ListBox1.MouseMove
Dim index As Integer = ListBox1.IndexFromPoint(e.Location)
If index <> mouseIndex Then
If mouseIndex > -1 Then
Dim oldIndex As Integer = mouseIndex
mouseIndex = -1
If oldIndex <= ListBox1.Items.Count - 1 Then
ListBox1.Invalidate(ListBox1.GetItemRectangle(oldIndex))
End If
End If
mouseIndex = index
If mouseIndex > -1 Then
ListBox1.Invalidate(ListBox1.GetItemRectangle(mouseIndex))
End If
End If
End Sub
Then in your drawing code:
If mouseIndex > -1 AndAlso mouseIndex = e.Index Then
backgroundColorBrush = New SolidBrush(Color.DarkMagenta)
End If
I will show you how to do this. All experts say its complicated and cannot be done with a listbox... I was able to do that in 5 minutes
the name of the listbox I created is listPOSSIBILITIES
1) create a variable which is global to your form
Dim HOVERTIME As Boolean = True
2) create MouseEnter event
Private Sub listPOSSIBILITIES_MouseEnter(sender As Object, e As system.EventArgs) Handles listPOSSIBILITIES.MouseEnter
HOVERTIME = True
End Sub
3) create MouseLeave event
Private Sub listPOSSIBILITIES_MouseLeave(sender As Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles listPOSSIBILITIES.MouseLeave
HOVERTIME = False
End Sub
4) create MouseMove event
Private Sub listPOSSIBILITIES_MouseMove(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles listPOSSIBILITIES.MouseMove
Dim mypoint As Point
mypoint = listPOSSIBILITIES.PointToClient(Cursor.Position)
Dim myindex As Integer = listPOSSIBILITIES.IndexFromPoint(mypoint)
If myindex < 0 Then Exit Sub
listPOSSIBILITIES.SelectedIndex = myindex
End Sub
5) create MouseClick event
Private Sub listPOSSIBILITIES_MouseClick(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles listPOSSIBILITIES.MouseClick
HOVERTIME = False
End Sub
6) create SelectedIndexChanged event
Private Sub listPOSSIBILITIES_SelectedIndexChanged(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles listPOSSIBILITIES.SelectedIndexChanged
If HOVERTIME Then Exit Sub
'put the rest of your code after this above If statement
End Sub
This works because the MouseClick event is triggered before the SelectIndexChanged event