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Hello I'm interested in computer science.
when I develop using android platform, I have some curiosity..
In computer science or engineering, I understood that 'platform' may include hardware or software components to solve sets of problem and 'system' is abstract concept for some purposes.
I'm not sure that these are correct. but anyway;
I wonder the relationship between 'platform' and 'system'
'platform' implements 'system' ? or
'system' includes 'platform' ? or
'system' is equal to 'platform' ?
These questions may be nonsense, but I want to know it more specifically.
Thank you!
Platform is an abstraction for a very generic set of libraries, Operating system and hardware drivers that allow for a program to be run.
System on the other hand encompasses computer software and hardware.
Platform moslty refers to the Operating System(not always though). In that context you can say that a platform is a part of the system. With the advent of virtualization it is very difficult to classify, since several hardware components are "virtualized". But in general, system is not just a platform, it encompasses more.
Platform is hardware, operating system, possibly framework. I'd think of a platform as something to build on, or run things on.
System is a generic term. Operating system, database management system, content management system, a computer, a piece of software, an software development methodology...all of these are systems.
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What is exactly Smalltalk used for? Creating websites? Trying to understand what can be built using this language.
Also,what are the tools that are used to code in Smalltalk? I google and see Pharo as one such tool.
What is exactly small talk used for ?
Everything.
Creating websites ?
Yes.
Trying to understand what can be built using this language.
Everything. Smalltalk is Turing-complete and "Tetris-complete". It can be used for anything and everything any other language can be used for.
Things that have been built in Smalltalk:
Operating Systems
VMs (including Smalltalk VMs)
Compilers (including Smalltalk compilers)
Smalltalk IDEs (in fact, Smalltalk invented the concept of the IDE)
GUI Frameworks
Desktop systems (in fact, Smalltalk invented the concept of the desktop with overlapping windows as we know it today)
Embedded Systems (for example, the famous Tektronix oscilloscopes)
Office suites
CPU layout tools
Websites
Webservices
Games
Virtual Worlds
Simulations
AI
…
Also,what are the tools that are used to code in small talk ?
Smalltalk Systems are typically all-encompassing systems that provide everything, from the VM, compiler, debugger, IDE, version control, GUI, widgets, frameworks, tools, and libraries in one. In other words, you don't use "tools" to code in Smalltalk, you use Smalltalk to code in Smalltalk.
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Till now I used to think that embedded and real time systems are same. But when I was asked in an interview that what the difference is between the two, I was scared. I can't even get proper answer by searching in web.
It was a poor question perhaps since they are not mutually exclusive; an embedded system may be real-time or it may not. One term describes the physical embodiment of a system, the other describes its performance and response characteristics.
Embedded system describes a system that contains one or more software programmable devices but which is not itself a general purpose computer. Such a system typically has a fixed, single application rather than end-user selected and loaded software (which would make it general purpose).
However "embedded" covers a wide spectrum of systems and is not always easy to define; for example if you were writing the UMTS code for a smartphone, you might reasonably be regarded as an embedded developer, if you were writing Flappy Angry Birds 2.0 for that same phone however, you would not - so a smartphone may be both an embedded system and general purpose computer - depending on your view point. Similarly a hand-held games console's system software is embedded; the games themselves are not I would say.
A real-time system describes a system with deterministic low latency response to input events. An embedded system may be "real-time, or it might not. I would normally use the term "real-time embedded system" to be clear.
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I have a legacy code base written in CLIPPER. I don't have any idea of CLIPPER programming language.
How do I get started with it and deploy this application? Is it a scripting language OR some sort of OOPS language any study reference will be helpful
Thanks in Advance
Kaushik
Clipper is 16-bit compiler for character-based (not GUI) applications running on MS-DOS platform. There are, however, 3rd-party tools that will allow to produce 16-bit Windows GUI applications.
It's still owned by Computer Associates but all future development and support was delegated to GrafX long time ago.
The last released version was 5.3 but many developers stayed with 5.2e. The last update was around Y2K.
There are Harbour and xHarbour open source projects that developed their own compilers for this language (which in the beginning was similar to dBase III).
You can find information about the language and some 3-rd party libs in a Clipper section of this web-site.
Native Clipper compiles all its code into a single executable that runs on user desktops. Its data and index files are usually placed on a network share. Executable itself can also be placed on a share with user desktops having a short-cut to it.
Native Clipper applications (16-bit) will not run under 64-bit Windows. There are emulators (like DosBox) that allow to overcome such limitation.
Clipper related questions can be asked on comp.lang.clipper newsgroup.
If you have more questions add them as comments here.
Another good resource is Norton Guides for Windows, you can download it from a great site with lot of information about Clipper:
Download NGW from www.the-oasis.net.
I was unable to find the .NG files on that site, but you can see them online here if you want or try to found the files googling them.
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I'm new with zigbee i need you to help me learn about it and know how to implement an embedded system using it
thanks in advance
One good place to look is on the Digi site. They have several products to help you, including embedded development kits.
If you want to go Open Source, look at Source Forge. They have some open source stacks. I have not used any of them, so I cannot comment beyond knowing that they exist.
Depending on your needs, you might want to just look at XBee, which is a subset of zigbee. There are some nice development tools for XBee. I have used an XBee expansion shield with the .net micro framework and boards provided by TinyCLR to do a wireless prototype.
Creating a zigbee stack on your own would be a fairly large task, so only you can determine if there is ROI in doing so. I would be more inclined to buy it in.
Get a ZigBee Starter Kit. Lots of vendors provide one; gust Google that exact phrase.
For example: AVR 8-Bit RISC - IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee - Tools
Or you can ZigBee on a PIC/Microchip at very low cost. http://www.microchip.com/stellent/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&nodeId=2112
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How to know that, the system you are building is a better as Desktop Application than an Web Application?
My top 3:
I need to use/control the hardware directly (printer, graphic card...).
I don't care if my project is platform dependant.
Need complex user interface (OK Web 2.0 is better than ever, but it's still hell to make advanced specialized stuff to work in all Web browsers).
Interesting question. in practice the answer hinges primarily on the deployment requirements:
If you want very broad and "instant" deployment - then use HTML and HTTP.
if you or your organization have administrative control over the computers on which the app will be deployed, making it a "desktop app" is acceptable.
Most apps lie between those extremes.
It depends on your target audience, desired features, and what delivery method makes the most sense.
It might help to answer these questions:
1) Who will use this?
2) What will they do with it? (think about thinks like media operations, data storage,..)
3) How will they best be able to get this app?
4) What operating system(s) will it support?