Related
I'm using SQL Server and I'm trying to find results but I would like to get the results in the same order as I had input the conditions.
My code:
SELECT
AccountNumber, EndDate
FROM
Accounts
WHERE
AccountNumber IN (212345, 312345, 145687, 658975, 256987, 365874, 568974, 124578, 125689) -- I would like the results to be in the same order as these numbers.
Here is an in-line approach
Example
Declare #List varchar(max)='212345, 312345, 145687, 658975, 256987, 365874, 568974, 124578, 125689'
Select A.AccountNumber
,A.EndDate
From Accounts A
Join (
Select RetSeq = Row_Number() over (Order By (Select null))
,RetVal = v.value('(./text())[1]', 'int')
From (values (convert(xml,'<x>' + replace(#List,',','</x><x>')+'</x>'))) x(n)
Cross Apply n.nodes('x') node(v)
) B on A.AccountNumber = B.RetVal
Order By B.RetSeq
EDIT - the subquery Returns
RetSeq RetVal
1 212345
2 312345
3 145687
4 658975
5 256987
6 365874
7 568974
8 124578
9 125689
You can replace IN with a JOIN, and set a field for ordering, like this:
SELECT AccountNumber , EndDate
FROM Accounts a
JOIN (
SELECT 212345 AS Number, 1 AS SeqOrder
UNION ALL
SELECT 312345 AS Number, 2 AS SeqOrder
UNION ALL
SELECT 145687 AS Number, 3 AS SeqOrder
UNION ALL
... -- and so on
) AS inlist ON inlist.Number = a.AccountNumber
ORDER BY inlist.SeqOrder
I will offer one more approach I just found out, but this needs v2016. Regrettfully the developers forgot to include the index into the resultset of STRING_SPLIT(), but this would work and is documented:
A solution via FROM OPENJSON():
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(100) = 'val1,val2,val3';
SELECT *
FROM OPENJSON('["' + REPLACE(#str,',','","') + '"]');
The result
key value type
0 val1 1
1 val2 1
2 val3 1
The documentation tells clearly:
When OPENJSON parses a JSON array, the function returns the indexes of the elements in the JSON text as keys.
This is not an answer, just some test-code to check John Cappelletti's approach.
DECLARE #tbl TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY,SomeGuid UNIQUEIDENTIFIER);
--Create more than 6 mio rows with an running number and a changing Guid
WITH tally AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) AS Nmbr
FROM master..spt_values v1
CROSS JOIN master..spt_values v2)
INSERT INTO #tbl
SELECT NEWID() from tally;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #tbl; --6.325.225 on my machine
--Create an XML with nothing more than a list of GUIDs in the order of the table's ID
DECLARE #xml XML=
(SELECT SomeGuid FRom #tbl ORDER BY ID FOR XML PATH(''),ROOT('root'),TYPE);
--Create one invalid entry
UPDATE #tbl SET SomeGuid = NEWID() WHERE ID=10000;
--Read all GUIDs out of the XML and number them
DECLARE #tbl2 TABLE(Position INT,TheGuid UNIQUEIDENTIFIER);
INSERT INTO #tbl2(Position,TheGuid)
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
,g.value(N'text()[1]',N'uniqueidentifier')
FROM #xml.nodes(N'/root/SomeGuid') AS A(g);
--then JOIN them via "Position" and check,
--if there are rows, where not the same values get into the same row.
SELECT *
FROM #tbl t
INNER JOIN #tbl2 t2 ON t2.Position=t.ID
WHERE t.SomeGuid<>t2.TheGuid;
At least in this simple case I always get exactly only the one record back which was invalidated...
Okay, after some re-thinking I'll offer the ultimative XML based type-safe and sort-safe splitter:
Declare #List varchar(max)='212345, 312345, 145687, 658975, 256987, 365874, 568974, 124578, 125689';
DECLARE #delimiter VARCHAR(10)=', ';
WITH Casted AS
(
SELECT (LEN(#List)-LEN(REPLACE(#List,#delimiter,'')))/LEN(REPLACE(#delimiter,' ','.')) + 1 AS ElementCount
,CAST('<x>' + REPLACE((SELECT #List AS [*] FOR XML PATH('')),#delimiter,'</x><x>')+'</x>' AS XML) AS ListXml
)
,Tally(Nmbr) As
(
SELECT TOP((SELECT ElementCount FROM Casted)) ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM master..spt_values v1 CROSS JOIN master..spt_values v2
)
SELECT Tally.Nmbr AS Position
,(SELECT ListXml.value('(/x[sql:column("Tally.Nmbr")])[1]','int') FROM Casted) AS Item
FROM Tally;
The trick is to create a list of running numbers with the fitting number of element (a number's table was even better) and to pick the elements according to their position.
Hint: This is rather slow...
UPDATE: even better:
WITH Casted AS
(
SELECT (LEN(#List)-LEN(REPLACE(#List,#delimiter,'')))/LEN(REPLACE(#delimiter,' ','.')) + 1 AS ElementCount
,CAST('<x>' + REPLACE((SELECT #List AS [*] FOR XML PATH('')),#delimiter,'</x><x>')+'</x>' AS XML)
.query('
for $x in /x
return <x p="{count(/x[. << $x])}">{$x/text()[1]}</x>
') AS ListXml
)
SELECT x.value('#p','int') AS Position
,x.value('text()[1]','int') AS Item
FROM Casted
CROSS APPLY Casted.ListXml.nodes('/x') AS A(x);
Elements are create as
<x p="99">TheValue</x>
Regrettfully the XQuery function position() is not available to retrieve the value. But you can use the trick to count all elements before a given node. this is scaling badly, as this count must be performed over and over. The more elements the worse it goes...
UPDATE2: With a known count of elements one might use this (much better performance)
Use XQuery to iterate a literally given list:
WITH Casted AS
(
SELECT (LEN(#List)-LEN(REPLACE(#List,#delimiter,'')))/LEN(REPLACE(#delimiter,' ','.')) + 1 AS ElementCount
,CAST('<x>' + REPLACE((SELECT #List AS [*] FOR XML PATH('')),#delimiter,'</x><x>')+'</x>' AS XML)
.query('
for $i in (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
return <x p="{$i}">{/x[$i]/text()[1]}</x>
') AS ListXml
)
SELECT x.value('#p','int') AS Position
,x.value('text()[1]','int') AS Item
FROM Casted
CROSS APPLY Casted.ListXml.nodes('/x') AS A(x);
In Azure SQL, there is now extended version of STRING_SPLIT which also can return the order of items if the third optional argument enable_ordinal is set to 1.
Then this simple task is finally easy:
DECLARE #string AS varchar(200) = 'a/b/c/d/e'
DECLARE #position AS int = 3
SELECT value FROM STRING_SPLIT(#string, '/', 1) WHERE ordinal = #position
Unfortunately not available in SQL Server 2019, only in Azure for now, lets hope it will be in SQL Server 2022.
I need sql query WITHOUT FUNCTION with SELECT only numeric characters.
For example, I have in sql table 0f-gh 14-2t-4 /// and I want get this -> 01424. How I can do it with sql query SELECT, without anything, only with SELECT
This is the logic from digitsonlyEE which is the fastest T-SQL based "digits only" function available today.
declare #table table (somestring varchar(50));
insert #table VALUES('abc123xxx555!!!999'),('##123ttt999'),('555222!');
SELECT *
FROM #table t
CROSS APPLY
(
SELECT DigitsOnly =
(
SELECT SUBSTRING(t.somestring,n,1)
FROM
(
SELECT TOP (LEN(ISNULL(t.somestring,CHAR(32))))
(CHECKSUM(ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))))
FROM
(VALUES ($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($)) a(x),
(VALUES ($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($)) b(x),
(VALUES ($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($)) c(x),
(VALUES ($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($),($)) d(x)
) iTally(n)
WHERE ((ASCII(SUBSTRING(t.somestring,N,1)) - 48) & 0x7FFF) < 10
FOR XML PATH('')
)
) digitsOnlyEE(digitsOnly);
Results:
somestring digitsOnly
--------------------- ----------
abc123xxx555!!!999 123555999
##123ttt999 123999
555222! 555222
Here is an inline approach
Declare #YourTable table (ID int,SomeCol varchar(max))
Insert Into #YourTable values
(1,'0f-gh 14-2t-4 ///')
Select A.ID
,B.*
From #YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select NewValue = (Select substring(A.SomeCol,N,1)
From (Select Top (len(A.SomeCol)) N=Row_Number() Over (Order By (Select NULL)) From master..spt_values n1) S
Where substring(A.SomeCol,N,1) like '[0-9]%'
Order By N
For XML Path (''))
) B
Returns
ID NewValue
1 01424
Note: Use Outer Apply if you want to see null values in the event where the string has NO numerics.
I want to extract a particular ids from the records in a table.For example i have a below table
Id stringvalue
1 test (ID 123) where another ID 2596
2 next ID145 and the condition I(ID 635,897,900)
I want the result set as below
ID SV
1 123,2596
2 145,635,897,900
i have tried the below query which extracts only one ID from the string:
Select Left(substring(string,PATINDEX('%[0-9]%',string),Len(string)),3) from Table1
I seriously don't encourage the T-SQL approach (as SQL is not meant to do this), however, a working version is presented below -
Try this
DECLARE #T TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY,StringValue VARCHAR(500))
INSERT INTO #T
SELECT 'test (ID 123) where another ID 2596' UNION ALL
SELECT 'next ID145 and the condition I(ID 635,897,900)'
;WITH SplitCTE AS(
SELECT
F1.ID,
X.SplitData
,Position = PATINDEX('%[0-9]%', X.SplitData)
FROM (
SELECT *,
CAST('<X>'+REPLACE(REPLACE(StringValue,' ',','),',','</X><X>')+'</X>' AS XML) AS XmlFilter
FROM #T F
)F1
CROSS APPLY
(
SELECT fdata.D.value('.','varchar(50)') AS SplitData
FROM f1.xmlfilter.nodes('X') AS fdata(D)) X
WHERE PATINDEX('%[0-9]%', X.SplitData) > 0),
numericCTE AS(
SELECT
ID
,AllNumeric = LEFT(SUBSTRING(SplitData, Position, LEN(SplitData)), PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%', SUBSTRING(SplitData, Position, LEN(SplitData)) + 't') - 1)
FROM SplitCTE
)
SELECT
ID
,STUFF(( SELECT ',' + c1.AllNumeric
FROM numericCTE c1
WHERE c1.ID = c2.ID
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE)
.value('.','NVARCHAR(MAX)'),1,1,'') AS SV
FROM numericCTE c2
GROUP BY ID
/*
Result
ID SV
1 123,2596
2 145,635,897,900
*/
However, I completely agree with #Giorgi Nakeuri. It is better to use some programming language (if you have that at your disposal) and use regular expression for the same. You can figure out that, I have used REPLACE function two times, first to replace the blank space and second to replace the commas(,).
Hope you will get some idea to move on.
How do I get:
id Name Value
1 A 4
1 B 8
2 C 9
to
id Column
1 A:4, B:8
2 C:9
No CURSOR, WHILE loop, or User-Defined Function needed.
Just need to be creative with FOR XML and PATH.
[Note: This solution only works on SQL 2005 and later. Original question didn't specify the version in use.]
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
If it is SQL Server 2017 or SQL Server Vnext, SQL Azure you can use STRING_AGG as below:
SELECT id, STRING_AGG(CONCAT(name, ':', [value]), ', ')
FROM #YourTable
GROUP BY id
using XML path will not perfectly concatenate as you might expect... it will replace "&" with "&" and will also mess with <" and ">
...maybe a few other things, not sure...but you can try this
I came across a workaround for this... you need to replace:
FOR XML PATH('')
)
with:
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
...or NVARCHAR(MAX) if thats what youre using.
why the hell doesn't SQL have a concatenate aggregate function? this is a PITA.
I ran into a couple of problems when I tried converting Kevin Fairchild's suggestion to work with strings containing spaces and special XML characters (&, <, >) which were encoded.
The final version of my code (which doesn't answer the original question but may be useful to someone) looks like this:
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] VARCHAR(MAX), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'Oranges & Lemons',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'1 < 2',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT [ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + CAST([Name] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
/* Use .value to uncomment XML entities e.g. > < etc*/
).value('.','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') as NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Rather than using a space as a delimiter and replacing all the spaces with commas, it just pre-pends a comma and space to each value then uses STUFF to remove the first two characters.
The XML encoding is taken care of automatically by using the TYPE directive.
Another option using Sql Server 2005 and above
---- test data
declare #t table (OUTPUTID int, SCHME varchar(10), DESCR varchar(10))
insert #t select 1125439 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1125439 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'pn','Approved'
---- actual query
;with cte(outputid,combined,rn)
as
(
select outputid, SCHME + ' ('+DESCR+')', rn=ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION by outputid order by schme, descr)
from #t
)
,cte2(outputid,finalstatus,rn)
as
(
select OUTPUTID, convert(varchar(max),combined), 1 from cte where rn=1
union all
select cte2.outputid, convert(varchar(max),cte2.finalstatus+', '+cte.combined), cte2.rn+1
from cte2
inner join cte on cte.OUTPUTID = cte2.outputid and cte.rn=cte2.rn+1
)
select outputid, MAX(finalstatus) from cte2 group by outputid
Install the SQLCLR Aggregates from http://groupconcat.codeplex.com
Then you can write code like this to get the result you asked for:
CREATE TABLE foo
(
id INT,
name CHAR(1),
Value CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO dbo.foo
(id, name, Value)
VALUES (1, 'A', '4'),
(1, 'B', '8'),
(2, 'C', '9');
SELECT id,
dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(name + ':' + Value) AS [Column]
FROM dbo.foo
GROUP BY id;
Eight years later... Microsoft SQL Server vNext Database Engine has finally enhanced Transact-SQL to directly support grouped string concatenation. The Community Technical Preview version 1.0 added the STRING_AGG function and CTP 1.1 added the WITHIN GROUP clause for the STRING_AGG function.
Reference: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt775028.aspx
SQL Server 2005 and later allow you to create your own custom aggregate functions, including for things like concatenation- see the sample at the bottom of the linked article.
This is just an addition to Kevin Fairchild's post (very clever by the way). I would have added it as a comment, but I don't have enough points yet :)
I was using this idea for a view I was working on, however the items I was concatinating contained spaces. So I modified the code slightly to not use spaces as delimiters.
Again thanks for the cool workaround Kevin!
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ( [ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT )
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'A', 4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'B', 8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (2, 'C', 9)
SELECT [ID],
REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(SELECT [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) as A
FROM #YourTable
WHERE ( ID = Results.ID )
FOR XML PATH (''))
, '</A><A>', ', ')
,'<A>','')
,'</A>','') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
An example would be
In Oracle you can use LISTAGG aggregate function.
Original records
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2
name2 type3
Sql
SELECT name, LISTAGG(type, '; ') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY name)
FROM table
GROUP BY name
Result in
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2; type3
This kind of question is asked here very often, and the solution is going to depend a lot on the underlying requirements:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+pivot
and
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+concatenate
Typically, there is no SQL-only way to do this without either dynamic sql, a user-defined function, or a cursor.
Just to add to what Cade said, this is usually a front-end display thing and should therefore be handled there. I know that sometimes it's easier to write something 100% in SQL for things like file export or other "SQL only" solutions, but most of the times this concatenation should be handled in your display layer.
Don't need a cursor... a while loop is sufficient.
------------------------------
-- Setup
------------------------------
DECLARE #Source TABLE
(
id int,
Name varchar(30),
Value int
)
DECLARE #Target TABLE
(
id int,
Result varchar(max)
)
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'A', 4
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'B', 8
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 2, 'C', 9
------------------------------
-- Technique
------------------------------
INSERT INTO #Target (id)
SELECT id
FROM #Source
GROUP BY id
DECLARE #id int, #Result varchar(max)
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target)
WHILE #id is not null
BEGIN
SET #Result = null
SELECT #Result =
CASE
WHEN #Result is null
THEN ''
ELSE #Result + ', '
END + s.Name + ':' + convert(varchar(30),s.Value)
FROM #Source s
WHERE id = #id
UPDATE #Target
SET Result = #Result
WHERE id = #id
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target WHERE #id < id)
END
SELECT *
FROM #Target
Let's get very simple:
SELECT stuff(
(
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, '')
Replace this line:
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
With your query.
You can improve performance significant the following way if group by contains mostly one item:
SELECT
[ID],
CASE WHEN MAX( [Name]) = MIN( [Name]) THEN
MAX( [Name]) NameValues
ELSE
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
END
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
didn't see any cross apply answers, also no need for xml extraction. Here is a slightly different version of what Kevin Fairchild wrote. It's faster and easier to use in more complex queries:
select T.ID
,MAX(X.cl) NameValues
from #YourTable T
CROSS APPLY
(select STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = T.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''))
,1,2,'') [cl]) X
GROUP BY T.ID
Using the Stuff and for xml path operator to concatenate rows to string :Group By two columns -->
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',5)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
-- retrieve each unique id and name columns and concatonate the values into one column
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES EACH APPLICATION : VALUE SET
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
SELECT
[ID],[Name] , --these are acting as the group by clause
STUFF((
SELECT ', '+ CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES THE VALUES FOR EACH ID NAME COMBINATION
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID, name
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Using Replace Function and FOR JSON PATH
SELECT T3.DEPT, REPLACE(REPLACE(T3.ENAME,'{"ENAME":"',''),'"}','') AS ENAME_LIST
FROM (
SELECT DEPT, (SELECT ENAME AS [ENAME]
FROM EMPLOYEE T2
WHERE T2.DEPT=T1.DEPT
FOR JSON PATH,WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER) ENAME
FROM EMPLOYEE T1
GROUP BY DEPT) T3
For sample data and more ways click here
If you have clr enabled you could use the Group_Concat library from GitHub
Another example without the garbage: ",TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')"
WITH t AS (
SELECT 1 n, 1 g, 1 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 2 n, 1 g, 2 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 3 n, 2 g, 3 v
)
SELECT g
, STUFF (
(
SELECT ', ' + CAST(v AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM t sub_t
WHERE sub_t.g = main_t.g
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, ''
) cg
FROM t main_t
GROUP BY g
Input-output is
************************* -> *********************
* n * g * v * * g * cg *
* - * - * - * * - * - *
* 1 * 1 * 1 * * 1 * 1, 2 *
* 2 * 1 * 2 * * 2 * 3 *
* 3 * 2 * 3 * *********************
*************************
I used this approach which may be easier to grasp. Get a root element, then concat to choices any item with the same ID but not the 'official' name
Declare #IdxList as Table(id int, choices varchar(max),AisName varchar(255))
Insert into #IdxLIst(id,choices,AisName)
Select IdxId,''''+Max(Title)+'''',Max(Title) From [dbo].[dta_Alias]
where IdxId is not null group by IdxId
Update #IdxLIst
set choices=choices +','''+Title+''''
From #IdxLIst JOIN [dta_Alias] ON id=IdxId And Title <> AisName
where IdxId is not null
Select * from #IdxList where choices like '%,%'
For all my healthcare folks out there:
SELECT
s.NOTE_ID
,STUFF ((
SELECT
[note_text] + ' '
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s1
WHERE
(s1.NOTE_ID = s.NOTE_ID)
ORDER BY [line] ASC
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,
1,
2,
'') AS NOTE_TEXT_CONCATINATED
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s
GROUP BY NOTE_ID
How do I get:
id Name Value
1 A 4
1 B 8
2 C 9
to
id Column
1 A:4, B:8
2 C:9
No CURSOR, WHILE loop, or User-Defined Function needed.
Just need to be creative with FOR XML and PATH.
[Note: This solution only works on SQL 2005 and later. Original question didn't specify the version in use.]
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
If it is SQL Server 2017 or SQL Server Vnext, SQL Azure you can use STRING_AGG as below:
SELECT id, STRING_AGG(CONCAT(name, ':', [value]), ', ')
FROM #YourTable
GROUP BY id
using XML path will not perfectly concatenate as you might expect... it will replace "&" with "&" and will also mess with <" and ">
...maybe a few other things, not sure...but you can try this
I came across a workaround for this... you need to replace:
FOR XML PATH('')
)
with:
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
...or NVARCHAR(MAX) if thats what youre using.
why the hell doesn't SQL have a concatenate aggregate function? this is a PITA.
I ran into a couple of problems when I tried converting Kevin Fairchild's suggestion to work with strings containing spaces and special XML characters (&, <, >) which were encoded.
The final version of my code (which doesn't answer the original question but may be useful to someone) looks like this:
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] VARCHAR(MAX), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'Oranges & Lemons',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'1 < 2',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT [ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + CAST([Name] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
/* Use .value to uncomment XML entities e.g. > < etc*/
).value('.','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') as NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Rather than using a space as a delimiter and replacing all the spaces with commas, it just pre-pends a comma and space to each value then uses STUFF to remove the first two characters.
The XML encoding is taken care of automatically by using the TYPE directive.
Another option using Sql Server 2005 and above
---- test data
declare #t table (OUTPUTID int, SCHME varchar(10), DESCR varchar(10))
insert #t select 1125439 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1125439 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'pn','Approved'
---- actual query
;with cte(outputid,combined,rn)
as
(
select outputid, SCHME + ' ('+DESCR+')', rn=ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION by outputid order by schme, descr)
from #t
)
,cte2(outputid,finalstatus,rn)
as
(
select OUTPUTID, convert(varchar(max),combined), 1 from cte where rn=1
union all
select cte2.outputid, convert(varchar(max),cte2.finalstatus+', '+cte.combined), cte2.rn+1
from cte2
inner join cte on cte.OUTPUTID = cte2.outputid and cte.rn=cte2.rn+1
)
select outputid, MAX(finalstatus) from cte2 group by outputid
Install the SQLCLR Aggregates from http://groupconcat.codeplex.com
Then you can write code like this to get the result you asked for:
CREATE TABLE foo
(
id INT,
name CHAR(1),
Value CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO dbo.foo
(id, name, Value)
VALUES (1, 'A', '4'),
(1, 'B', '8'),
(2, 'C', '9');
SELECT id,
dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(name + ':' + Value) AS [Column]
FROM dbo.foo
GROUP BY id;
Eight years later... Microsoft SQL Server vNext Database Engine has finally enhanced Transact-SQL to directly support grouped string concatenation. The Community Technical Preview version 1.0 added the STRING_AGG function and CTP 1.1 added the WITHIN GROUP clause for the STRING_AGG function.
Reference: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt775028.aspx
SQL Server 2005 and later allow you to create your own custom aggregate functions, including for things like concatenation- see the sample at the bottom of the linked article.
This is just an addition to Kevin Fairchild's post (very clever by the way). I would have added it as a comment, but I don't have enough points yet :)
I was using this idea for a view I was working on, however the items I was concatinating contained spaces. So I modified the code slightly to not use spaces as delimiters.
Again thanks for the cool workaround Kevin!
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ( [ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT )
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'A', 4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'B', 8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (2, 'C', 9)
SELECT [ID],
REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(SELECT [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) as A
FROM #YourTable
WHERE ( ID = Results.ID )
FOR XML PATH (''))
, '</A><A>', ', ')
,'<A>','')
,'</A>','') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
An example would be
In Oracle you can use LISTAGG aggregate function.
Original records
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2
name2 type3
Sql
SELECT name, LISTAGG(type, '; ') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY name)
FROM table
GROUP BY name
Result in
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2; type3
This kind of question is asked here very often, and the solution is going to depend a lot on the underlying requirements:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+pivot
and
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+concatenate
Typically, there is no SQL-only way to do this without either dynamic sql, a user-defined function, or a cursor.
Just to add to what Cade said, this is usually a front-end display thing and should therefore be handled there. I know that sometimes it's easier to write something 100% in SQL for things like file export or other "SQL only" solutions, but most of the times this concatenation should be handled in your display layer.
Don't need a cursor... a while loop is sufficient.
------------------------------
-- Setup
------------------------------
DECLARE #Source TABLE
(
id int,
Name varchar(30),
Value int
)
DECLARE #Target TABLE
(
id int,
Result varchar(max)
)
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'A', 4
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'B', 8
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 2, 'C', 9
------------------------------
-- Technique
------------------------------
INSERT INTO #Target (id)
SELECT id
FROM #Source
GROUP BY id
DECLARE #id int, #Result varchar(max)
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target)
WHILE #id is not null
BEGIN
SET #Result = null
SELECT #Result =
CASE
WHEN #Result is null
THEN ''
ELSE #Result + ', '
END + s.Name + ':' + convert(varchar(30),s.Value)
FROM #Source s
WHERE id = #id
UPDATE #Target
SET Result = #Result
WHERE id = #id
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target WHERE #id < id)
END
SELECT *
FROM #Target
Let's get very simple:
SELECT stuff(
(
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, '')
Replace this line:
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
With your query.
You can improve performance significant the following way if group by contains mostly one item:
SELECT
[ID],
CASE WHEN MAX( [Name]) = MIN( [Name]) THEN
MAX( [Name]) NameValues
ELSE
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
END
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
didn't see any cross apply answers, also no need for xml extraction. Here is a slightly different version of what Kevin Fairchild wrote. It's faster and easier to use in more complex queries:
select T.ID
,MAX(X.cl) NameValues
from #YourTable T
CROSS APPLY
(select STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = T.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''))
,1,2,'') [cl]) X
GROUP BY T.ID
Using the Stuff and for xml path operator to concatenate rows to string :Group By two columns -->
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',5)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
-- retrieve each unique id and name columns and concatonate the values into one column
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES EACH APPLICATION : VALUE SET
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
SELECT
[ID],[Name] , --these are acting as the group by clause
STUFF((
SELECT ', '+ CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES THE VALUES FOR EACH ID NAME COMBINATION
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID, name
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Using Replace Function and FOR JSON PATH
SELECT T3.DEPT, REPLACE(REPLACE(T3.ENAME,'{"ENAME":"',''),'"}','') AS ENAME_LIST
FROM (
SELECT DEPT, (SELECT ENAME AS [ENAME]
FROM EMPLOYEE T2
WHERE T2.DEPT=T1.DEPT
FOR JSON PATH,WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER) ENAME
FROM EMPLOYEE T1
GROUP BY DEPT) T3
For sample data and more ways click here
If you have clr enabled you could use the Group_Concat library from GitHub
Another example without the garbage: ",TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')"
WITH t AS (
SELECT 1 n, 1 g, 1 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 2 n, 1 g, 2 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 3 n, 2 g, 3 v
)
SELECT g
, STUFF (
(
SELECT ', ' + CAST(v AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM t sub_t
WHERE sub_t.g = main_t.g
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, ''
) cg
FROM t main_t
GROUP BY g
Input-output is
************************* -> *********************
* n * g * v * * g * cg *
* - * - * - * * - * - *
* 1 * 1 * 1 * * 1 * 1, 2 *
* 2 * 1 * 2 * * 2 * 3 *
* 3 * 2 * 3 * *********************
*************************
I used this approach which may be easier to grasp. Get a root element, then concat to choices any item with the same ID but not the 'official' name
Declare #IdxList as Table(id int, choices varchar(max),AisName varchar(255))
Insert into #IdxLIst(id,choices,AisName)
Select IdxId,''''+Max(Title)+'''',Max(Title) From [dbo].[dta_Alias]
where IdxId is not null group by IdxId
Update #IdxLIst
set choices=choices +','''+Title+''''
From #IdxLIst JOIN [dta_Alias] ON id=IdxId And Title <> AisName
where IdxId is not null
Select * from #IdxList where choices like '%,%'
For all my healthcare folks out there:
SELECT
s.NOTE_ID
,STUFF ((
SELECT
[note_text] + ' '
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s1
WHERE
(s1.NOTE_ID = s.NOTE_ID)
ORDER BY [line] ASC
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,
1,
2,
'') AS NOTE_TEXT_CONCATINATED
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s
GROUP BY NOTE_ID