Extract text content from cell (With bold, italic, etc) - vba

Question

I'm trying to extract text content from Excel using a macro. This is my code:
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim v1 As Variant
Dim Txt As String
v1 = Range("A2:C15")
For i = 1 To UBound(v1)
For j = 1 To UBound(v1, 2)
Txt = Txt & v1(i, j)
Next j
Txt = Txt & vbCrLf
Next i
MsgBox Txt
But it is showing the raw characters only meaning that it doesn't show any formatting information like bold, italic, underline, etc..
I want to extract the text along with the formatting information.
Example: This is sample text
Expected output: This is sample text
Actual output: This is sample text
Can someone explain what's wrong with the code and tell if anything is wrong?

Answer 1

A messagebox does not permit formatiing without changing system defaults, which is not a starightforward approach. If you want to display formatted text in a prompt then you are probably easiest to create a userform and format the label appropriately.
For example, you can determine if a cell has bold fomatting using:
Dim isBold As Boolean
isBold = v1(i, j).Font.Bold
And apply this to a userform label font using:
label.Font.Bold = isBold
If you want to output to a text (ie .txt) file then this cannot store any formatting information. The best you could hope to achieve is to create a markup style output where:
If isBold Then
txt = "<b >mytext< /b>" 'Ignore the spaces
Else
txt = "mytext"
End If
The range.Font.Bold property has three return options:
v1(i, j).Font.Bold = True 'if the entire cell IS bold
v1(i, j).Font.Bold = False 'if the entire cell IS NOT bold
v1(i, j).Font.Bold = Null 'if the cell is PARTIALLY bold
Calling IsNull(v1(i, j).Font.Bold) will tell you whether you have partial fomatting in a cell. Unfortunately you must then assess each character in the string individually to determine the bold characters. This function should determine where the bold formatting is switched on or off in a string contained in the Range object passed and add the appropriate markup tag:
Function markup(rng As Range) As String
Dim chr As Integer
Dim isCharBold As Boolean
Dim str As String
Dim tempChar As Characters
isCharBold = False
str = ""
If IsNull(rng.Font.Bold) Then
For chr = 1 To rng.Characters.Count
Set tempChar = rng.Characters(chr, 1)
If isCharBold Then
If tempChar.Font.Bold Then
str = str + tempChar.Text
Else
isCharBold = False
str = str & "</b>" & tempChar.Text
End If
Else
If tempChar.Font.Bold Then
isCharBold = True
str = str + "<b>" & tempChar.Text
Else
str = str & tempChar.Text
End If
End If
Next chr
Else
str = rng.Value
End If
markup = str
End Function
Notice that the Else case just returns the default string values. You can modify this approach to work for any of the .Font properties e.g. strikethrough, underline, italic....
The framework in the OP suggests that you are assigning the contents of a range of cells into an array of type Variant. This essentially leaves you with an unformatted string of characters in each array index. In this case you won't be able to extract any formatting from the array strings. To access the Characters().Font.Bold property you must be operating on a Range object so it might be best to iterate through each cell in Range("A2:C15") directly. This could be achieved by modifying your initial code as such, so it now calls the markup function:
Sub OutputText()
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim rng As Range
Dim Txt As String
Set rng = Range("A2:C15")
For i = 1 To rng.Rows.Count
For j = 1 To rng.Columns.Count
Txt = Txt & markup(rng(i, j)) & " "
Next j
Txt = Txt & vbCrLf
Next i
Debug.Print Txt
End Sub

Answer 2

OK, let's have the algorithm from #stucharo a little bit simpler to extend.
Public Function getHTMLFormattedString(r As Range) As String
isBold = False
isItalic = False
isUnderlined = False
s = ""
cCount = 0
On Error Resume Next
cCount = r.Characters.Count
On Error GoTo 0
If cCount > 0 Then
For i = 1 To cCount
Set c = r.Characters(i, 1)
If isUnderlined And c.Font.Underline = xlUnderlineStyleNone Then
isUnderlined = False
s = s & "</u>"
End If
If isItalic And Not c.Font.Italic Then
isItalic = False
s = s & "</i>"
End If
If isBold And Not c.Font.Bold Then
isBold = False
s = s & "</b>"
End If
If c.Font.Bold And Not isBold Then
isBold = True
s = s + "<b>"
End If
If c.Font.Italic And Not isItalic Then
isItalic = True
s = s + "<i>"
End If
If Not (c.Font.Underline = xlUnderlineStyleNone) And Not isUnderlined Then
isUnderlined = True
s = s + "<u>"
End If
s = s & c.Text
If i = cCount Then
If isUnderlined Then s = s & "</u>"
If isItalic Then s = s & "</i>"
If isBold Then s = s & "</b>"
End If
Next i
Else
s = r.Text
If r.Font.Bold Then s = "<b>" & s & "</b>"
If r.Font.Italic Then s = "<i>" & s & "</i>"
If Not (r.Font.Underline = xlUnderlineStyleNone) Then s = "<u>" & s & "</u>"
End If
getHTMLFormattedString = s
End Function
To be clear, this function works only with a range containing a single cell. But it should be easy calling this function for each cell in a bigger range and concatenating the returned strings into one.
Edit by the OP:
I called the function by the below code:
Sub ReplaceFormattingTags()
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim rng As Range
Dim Txt As String
Set rng = Range("A2:C15")
For i = 1 To rng.Rows.Count
For j = 1 To rng.Columns.Count
Txt = Txt & getHTMLFormattedString(rng(i, j)) & " "
Next j
Txt = Txt & vbCrLf
Next i
Debug.Print Txt
End Sub

Answer 3

VBA string does not support formatting like that. It will purely take the string from the range. No formatting at all. If you want to format the string, you can not see this through msgbox.
Only way to do it would be to store it in a cell then format the cell. But then that does not give you the output in a messagebox as a formatted string.
If you are planning to then put the string in a cell with formatting, you will need to save the formatting somewhere, or copy it from the cell you got the text from. And then apply the formatting to the cell