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I know that PostgreSQL is the closest database to full SQL compliance. I am however wondering where postgres does not comply to the standard, and I am unable to find it in their documentation.
What features of SQL does PostgreSQL lack, and what features does it offer outside the SQL standard?
There is Appendix D of the PostgreSQL documentation on SQL standard conformance:
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/features.html
Take a special look at D.2 for unsupported features.
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I know about "not" keyword but its new for me. Please give me an use and example.
It's only reserved just-in-case some engine might use it, to ensure compatibility with drivers that support the core SQL grammar:
"The following words are reserved for use in ODBC function calls. These words do not constrain the minimum SQL grammar; however, to ensure compatibility with drivers that support the core SQL grammar, applications should avoid using these keywords."
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/language-elements/reserved-keywords-transact-sql?view=sql-server-2017&viewFallbackFrom=sql-server-2012
It's not only reserved by Microsoft.
https://firebirdsql.org/en/iso-9075-sql-standard-keywords-reserved-words/
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I am curious if one can see the internal mechanism of merge join or any other join sql?
For Oracle have a look at this document: Database SQL Tuning Guide - Joins
If you are thinking about how they work, you can look it up here, it's a great representation of it.
If you are thinking about the code behind it, I think you'll have to work for MS to access it ;)
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I know that SQL is different in various databases. But I need to know which functions are predicates in source SQL as language standart (not vendor solutions).
I found:
CONTAINS
EXISTS
IS NULL
IS NOT NULL
Is it all? Or did I lose smth?
Are all predicates use the TVL?
P.S. Sorry if I wrote stupidity, I'm a noobie in the database but I need to know it for exam.
You can refer here:
ANSI SQL Framework
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Can anyone articulate what the key differences are between SAS and SQL? I haven't worked much with SAS but went on a weeks training course, and basically it seemed like the equivalent but more convoluted and was able to do graphs.
Would appreciate some key bullet differences between them.
Standard SQL is a language to query, manipulate and define data in any(!) database. It is like the "latin language" of DB systems. Everyone knows it in order to perform standard tasks. SAS is like an extension to that with many functions.
I found a good document:
http://www.sascommunity.org/mwiki/images/5/52/CMSSUG-0506-SQL.pdf
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Migrate 25 stored procedures on the source database from SQL server to Oracle database, Is it possible any script will do this or Manual work is required
Manual work is certainly required. The databases don't support the same procedural languages so you're going to have to rewrite them.
SQL Servers Transact-SQL is a different language than Oracle's PL/SQL