Access query, grouped sum of 2 columns where either column contains values - sql

Question

Another team has an Access database that they use to track call logs. It's very basic, really just a table with a few lookups, and they enter data directly in the datasheet view. They've asked me to assist with writing a report to sum up their calls by week and reason and I'm a bit stumped on this problem because I'm not an Access guy by any stretch.
The database consists of two core tables, one holding the call log entries (Calls) and one holding the lookup list of call reasons (ReasonsLookup). Relevant table structures are:
Calls
-----
ID (autonumber, PK)
DateLogged (datetime)
Reason (int, FK to ReasonLookup.ID)
Reason 2 (int, FK to ReasonLookup.ID)
ReasonLookup
------------
ID (autonumber PK)
Reason (text)
What they want is a report that looks like this:
WeekNum Reason Total
------- ---------- -----
10 Eligibility Request 24
10 Extension Request 43
10 Information Question 97
11 Eligibility Request 35
11 Information Question 154
... ... etc ...
My problem is that there are TWO columns in the Calls table, because they wanted to log a primary and secondary reason for receiving the call, i.e. someone calls for reason A and while on the phone also requests something under reason B. Every call will have a primary reason column value (Calls.Reason not null) but not necessarily a secondary reason column value (Calls.[Reason 2] is often null).
What they want is, for each WeekNum, a single (distinct) entry for each possible Reason, and a Total of how many times that Reason was used in either the Calls.Reason or Calls.[Reason 2] column for that week. So in the example above for Eligibility Request, they want to see one entry for Eligibility Request for the week and count every record in Calls that for that week that has Calls.Reason = Eligibility Request OR Calls.[Reason 2] = Eligibility Request.
What is the best way to approach a query that will display as shown above? Ideally this is a straight query, no VBA required. They are non-technical so the simpler and easier to maintain the better if possible.
Thanks in advance, any help much appreciated.

Answer 1

The "normal" approach would be to use a union all query as a subquery to create a set of weeks and reasons, however Access doesn't support this, but what you can do that should work is to first define a query to make the union and then use that query as a source for the "main" query.
So the first query would be
SELECT datepart("ww",datelogged) as week, Reason from calls
UNION ALL
SELECT datepart("ww",datelogged), [Reason 2] from calls;
Save this as UnionQuery and make another query mainQuery:
SELECT uq.week, rl.reason, Count(*) AS Total
FROM UnionQuery AS uq
INNER JOIN reasonlookup AS rl ON uq.reason = rl.id
GROUP BY uq.week, rl.reason;

Answer 2

You can use a Union query to append individual Group By Aggregate queries for both Reason and Reason 2:
SELECT DatePart("ww", Calls.DateLogged) As WeekNum, ReasonLookup.Reason,
Sum(Calls.ID) As [Total]
FROM Calls
INNER JOIN Calls.Reason = ReasonLookup.ID
GROUP BY DatePart("ww", Calls.DateLogged) As WeekNum, ReasonLookup.Reason;
UNION
SELECT DatePart("ww", Calls.DateLogged) As WeekNum, ReasonLookup.Reason,
Sum(Calls.ID) As [Total]
FROM Calls
INNER JOIN Calls.[Reason 2] = ReasonLookup.ID
GROUP BY DatePart("ww", Calls.DateLogged) As WeekNum, ReasonLookup.Reason;
DatePart() outputs the specific date's week number in the calendar year. Also, UNION as opposed to UNION ALL prevents duplicate rows from appearing.