I'm attempting to send automated keystrokes to an application that does not support copy+paste via a small VB form. The form loads data from a text file and uses SendKeys to fire it over once I click a button.
Everything appears to work except for the ShowWindow portion. I'm currently testing using Notepad and, with one exception, I can't seem to get ShowWindow to kick focus to Notepad. Obviously I'm worried it will do the same to the application I'll eventually be running this against (I don't currently have access to it). The only ShowWindow parameter that makes Notepad active is SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED. SW_SHOW and SW_SHOWNORMAL don't appear to do anything while SW_RESTORE will restore Notepad if minimized but my VB form remains the active window.
I'm not a programmer but I had made the mistake of telling my boss I dabbled in Pascal Turbo in high school (over a decade ago) so I'm the one stuck with trying to make this work. My current code cobbled together from S.O. and other sources:
(I'm running Windows 7 and using MVSE2013)
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Public Class Form1
Private Declare Function FindWindow _
Lib "user32" _
Alias "FindWindowA" _
(ByVal lpClassName As String, _
ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)> _
Private Shared Function ShowWindow(ByVal hwnd As IntPtr, ByVal nCmdShow As ShowWindowCommands) As Boolean
End Function
Enum ShowWindowCommands As Integer
SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1
SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED = 3
SW_RESTORE = 9
End Enum
Private Sub Form1_Load
[form]
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _
ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim lHwnd As IntPtr = FindWindow("Notepad", vbNullString)
If lHwnd <> IntPtr.Zero Then
ShowWindow(lHwnd, ShowWindowCommands.SW_SHOWNORMAL)
SendKeys.Send(TextBox1.Text)
Else
[blah blah error handling]
End If
End Sub
I'd try another technique like SetForegroundWindow but I read it doesn't play nice with Windows 7.
Found what I hope will be a passable workaround from PInvoke. I ended up swapping this block:
<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)> _
Private Shared Function ShowWindow(ByVal hwnd As IntPtr, ByVal nCmdShow _
As ShowWindowCommands) As Boolean
End Function
For this:
Public Declare Function BringWindowToTop Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As IntPtr) As Boolean
And then this line:
ShowWindow(lHwnd, ShowWindowCommands.SW_SHOWNORMAL)
For this:
BringWindowToTop(lHwnd)
I realize there are functional differences between the two but the change works in my specific instance so I'm happy.
Related
I am trying to detect whether or not a window is open (and being used by the user). I have used code from this forum but can't get it to work, here is what I've got:
Private Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" _
(ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long
Private Sub btnCheckWindow_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnCheckWindow.Click
Dim lngFindIt As Long
lngFindIt = FindWindow(vbNullString, "lkhsdlfhslfh")
If lngFindIt = 0 Then
MsgBox("It is not here")
Else
MsgBox("I found the sucker.")
End If
End Sub
Upon running the program and clicking a button I get "I found the sucker." despite definitely not having a window called "lkhsdlfhslfh" existing let alone open.
How do I fix this?
Your method signature is incorrect. It should return IntPtr, not Long.
Try the following:
Private Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" _
(ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
Private Sub btnCheckWindow_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnCheckWindow.Click
Dim result As IntPtr= FindWindow(Nothing, "lkhsdlfhslfh")
If result = IntPtr.Zero Then
MsgBox("Window not found.")
Else
MsgBox("Found it.")
End If
End Sub
Alternatively, you could use <DllImport>, which is the standard way in .NET:
<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)>
Private Shared Function FindWindow(
ByVal lpClassName As String,
ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
End Function
Note that unless you're dealing with an ancient program, you should probably use a Unicode charset. This means using FindWindowW (instead of FindWindowA) if you go with Declare or CharSet.Unicode if you go with <DllImport>.
I'd like to use IsIconic function to check whether the specified window is minimized (iconic).
IsIconic function
https://msdn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/library/windows/desktop/ms633527(v=vs.85).aspx
My code works properly in certain environments, but it does not work in other environments.
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Public Class Form1
<DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)> _
Public Shared Function IsIconic(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr) As Long
End Function
<DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)> _
Private Shared Function FindWindow(ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
End Function
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim hWnd As IntPtr = FindWindow(Nothing, "Google - Google Chrome")
If CBool(IsIconic(hWnd)) Then
Debug.WriteLine("Chrome is iconic.")
Else
Debug.WriteLine("Chrome is not iconic.")
End If
End Sub
End Class
When I run it with 64 bit Windows 7 OS, I can determine correctly whether Chrome is iconified.
However, when running on 32 bit Windows 7 OS, "Chrome is iconic." is always displayed in the immediate window regardless of whether or not Chrome is actually iconified.
Could you tell me why this difference occurs?
Is this phenomenon caused by the difference in OS bit number? Or something else?
Your return type of the IsIconic() function is wrong.
This:
Public Shared Function IsIconic(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr) As Long
...should be this:
Public Shared Function IsIconic(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
This also means that you can (and should) change:
If CBool(IsIconic(hWnd)) Then
Debug.WriteLine("Chrome is iconic.")
Else
...
to:
If IsIconic(hWnd) Then
Debug.WriteLine("Chrome is iconic.")
Else
...
This question already has an answer here:
How to make a window active in vb.net
(1 answer)
Closed 5 years ago.
I'm writing a simple Visual Basic app to help me launch global hotkeys by the press of a taskbar button.
To do this, I basically set the app to minimize itself back to the taskbar. I then want to activate the taskbar itself (not the previously active program) so I can use SendKeys to do these keypresses. In my test, the keypresses get registered. Its just that I can't seem to find out how to actually activate the taskbar from my program.
If I use AppActivate, I need the processID or the window title.
So it seems best to use Windows API's to do it, but I'm not getting the result I'm after either and I must be doing something wrong.
Here's my code:
Public Class Form1
Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Integer
Private Sub Form1_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.GotFocus
Me.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized
Dim intReturn As Integer = FindWindow("Shell_traywnd", "")
AppActivate(intReturn)
SendKeys.Send("%1")
MsgBox("test")
End Sub
End Class
The error I'm getting is that there's no process by this ID running.
FindWindow will return a hwnd handle, not a processID. You will need to use the function SetForegroundWindow to activate it.
Your code becomes as follows:
Public Class Form1
Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Integer
Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32.dll" (ByVal hwnd As Integer) As Integer
Private Sub Form1_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.GotFocus
Me.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized
Dim intReturn As Integer = FindWindow("Shell_traywnd", "")
SetForegroundWindow(intReturn)
SendKeys.Send("%1")
MsgBox("test")
End Sub
End Class
I want to send "{TAB}" Key to another application window(send the key to the window not to textbox).
I tried:
SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETHOTKEY, VK_TAB, 0)
Nothing happened.
my goal is:
send tab key to my application Or other application when the application window is not in focus.
(i know that sendkey is not professional in this case there is no choice(This is the first time that I'm using it).)
I made many attempts and I always returned to the same result:
Nothing happened.
Does anyone know the answer?
SendKeys requires the application that you are sending the Keys to, to be active.
From above Link:
Use SendKeys to send keystrokes and keystroke combinations to the active application.
I order to get around this limitation you will have to resort to using the WinApi Functions.
FindWindow pInvoke.net
FindWindowEx pInvoke.net
sendMessage pInvoke.net
See this MSDN Forum Post for an example
Here is a modified example from that Posting:
Public Class Form1
Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" _
(ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
Declare Function FindWindowEx Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowExA" _
(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr, ByVal hWndChildAfterA As IntPtr, ByVal lpszClass As String, ByVal lpszWindow As String) As IntPtr
Declare Function SendMessage Lib "user32" Alias "SendMessageA" _
(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr, ByVal wMsg As Integer, ByVal wParam As IntPtr, ByVal lParam As String) As IntPtr
Const WM_SETTEXT As Integer = &HC
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim destination As IntPtr = FindWindow(Nothing, "Untitled - Notepad")
Dim destControl As IntPtr = FindWindowEx(destination, IntPtr.Zero, "Edit", Nothing)
SendMessage(destControl, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, "Hello" & vbTab & "GoodBye" & vbCrLf)
End Sub
End Class
Added an Additional Example using WM_KEYDOWN I created another small application with the Window Title set to TestForm and overrode the WndProc Method to determine if the application got the TabKey.
Sending Form
Public Class Form1
Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" _
(ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
Declare Function SendMessage Lib "user32" Alias "SendMessageA" _
(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr, ByVal wMsg As Integer, ByVal wParam As Integer, ByVal lParam As Integer) As IntPtr
Const WM_KEYDOWN As Integer = &H100
Const VK_TAB As Integer = &H9
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim destination As IntPtr = FindWindow(Nothing, "TestForm")
SendMessage(destination, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_TAB, 0)
End Sub
End Class
Test Form
Put a breakpoint on MyBase.WndProc(m) and look at m to see what has been sent.
Public Class Form1
Protected Overrides Sub WndProc(ByRef m As System.Windows.Forms.Message)
MyBase.WndProc(m)
End Sub
End Class
Having struggled with this type of this a few times before, i would suggest a couple of things to look at.
The 1st is autoit which includes a dll you can reference from vb.net, and is very simple you use, and well documented. I tend to use that whenever i need to control a 3rd party program.
The other is the ui automation classes
See this for an example:
http://blog.functionalfun.net/2009/06/introduction-to-ui-automation-with.html
you need make the other window active first. check Change focus to another window in VB.NET . then use send key.
I have an Excel VBA macro containing a form. I would like for VB.net to either hide the form or take control of it and click the "X" button or the custom "Exit" button.
Does anybody have experience with this?
Sendkeys are highly unreliable.
If you can automate the Excel from VB.Net the I would recommend that. If you are interested in automating Excel from VB.Net then see this.
If you don't want to automate but want to directly handle it then I would recommend using the FindWindow and Sendmessage API to get control of the form. See this Example.
Let's say that there is a userform in Excel which looks like this
Use this code form VB.Net
CODE:
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Text
Public Class Form1
<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)> _
Private Shared Function FindWindow( _
ByVal lpClassName As String, _
ByVal lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr
End Function
<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)> _
Private Shared Function SendMessage(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr, _
ByVal Msg As UInteger, _
ByVal wParam As IntPtr, ByVal lParam As IntPtr) As Boolean
End Function
Private Const WM_CLOSE = &H10
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim Ret As Integer
'~~> Get the handle of the Excel Userform named "Example"
Ret = FindWindow(vbNullString, "Example")
'~~> If Found
If Ret <> 0 Then
'~~> Close the Window
SendMessage(Ret, WM_CLOSE, CLng(0), CLng(0))
End If
End Sub
End Class