A month ago I purchased a domain & hosting. Besides dabbling in some HTML for fun a few years ago, I didn't have any experience in all this "technical stuff". After a month of "doing my homework", I'm still trying to figure out a few things and I haven't had much luck searching SO or Google...
I've really only been using Filezilla & Notepad up til this point - I've been trying to keep it simple. Browsing my server, I couldn't seem to find the file "httpd.conf" or "php.ini" (among other files & dirs). I've been dabbling in .htaccess as an alternative but I've hit a roadblock since not all configs go in .htaccess files.
I made a phpinfo() script. Within that info, it shows "/etc/php5/cgi/php.ini" - yet this directory isn't shown in filezilla.
I know I must be missing something - how do I back up, access this directory & edit those configuration files?
Thank you so much for your help & deepest apologies if I've made you facepalm :P
-adraedin
If you just purchase hosting (as opposed to a virtual server), you will not usually have access to system-wide configuration files like php.ini or the global httpd configuration directories.
Instead, you can perform a limited subset of configuration through .htaccess files in your directories.
The reason you don't see the configuration directories is that your FTP access only shows you your own directory, neither those of other users on your server, nor the system-wide configuration or other software that might be running there.
Your php.ini file is extremely important. It is highly unrecommended to edit this file unless you know what you're doing. The most likely reason you can't see it is because it is outside of your "privilege zone" (meaning its hidden by your hosting company). This is typically done so that you don't mess with other accounts and domains using the same server.
If you need a change something within the httpd.config or php.ini file, and you can't make the change in your .htaccess, usually you can contact your hosting company and they'll modify the file for you. It really just depends on what you're looking to change/modify/edit.
Most of the time, in regards to your hosting, you can only see your account/domain files. This keeps you restricted to a particular section of the hard drive so you don't start messing with other peoples files/configurations.
Related
I want to know if my Apache server uses .htaccess files or not. If it uses them, then why and how?
How can I know if my Apache server is using .htaccess or not?
Thank you.
As for why, it's a convenient way for shared-hosting providers to give some access to users who would like to set some configuration options. You obviously wouldn't want everyone to have access to the main configuration file for security purposes. It's also useful for development purposes since you can set different options for different directories.
As for how Apache uses the file, I recommend reading the documentation.
As for how to know if Apache is using .htaccess files, it most likely is. I've yet to meet a shared hosting provider that doesn't. And if you are running your own server, I assume you would know how you set it up. Worst case scenario, you could follow this advice from the docs:
A good test for this is to put garbage in your .htaccess file and reload the page. If a server error is not generated, then you almost certainly have AllowOverride None in effect.
Sorry about my english level.
I researched so much, and i found that can i use ".htaccess" to get redirection to subdomain folder and this is OK.
In Drupal i need to create a folder for each subdomain in "/sites/sub.example.com/" and copy "default.settings.php" from default folder "/sites/default/default.setting.php" and rename it to "settings.php", after that, enable "$databases" variable in the same file, when it's done, i need to add a wildcard and modify "hosts" file.
Well, i should "automate" all this, but i don't know if it's is more hard because it's important hold the server safety with writing permissions or try another way, someone could advise me.
Im working on OSX and Drupal 7.x (recent release)
Thank you very much.
For each site that you want to use separate database, create own sites/ directory with settings.php. For example, if you want to have one database for example.com, another one for sub1.example.com and third one for sub2.example.com, all using same code base, setup your files like this:
sites/example.com/settings.php
sites/sub1.example.com/settings.php
sites/sub2.example.com/settings.php
each settings.php using different database credentials.
Read more here - https://drupal.org/documentation/install/multi-site
Also, if you want to automate this and if there is supposed to be bigger number of sites to be managed, consider deploying aegir - http://www.aegirproject.org.
I hope I understood your question correctly.
I have looked around a great deal on the Drupal forum and elsewhere but I cannot yet resolve this.
I have had to reinstall a large, fully functional site (Drupal 7.18) onto a new server. This has gone very smoothly. However, I do not seem to be able to set permissions for my sites/default/files directory in a manner that keeps it accessible and safe when browsing using the IMCE file browser.
Usually I set sites/default/files (and subdirectories within it) as 755, with files within these directories as 664. This works well on many other Drupal 7 sites I have built.
HOWEVER in this case, with these permissions I get the message "Unable to get a working directory for the file browser".
Only by setting directory permissions as 777 can I browse the files in these directories using IMCE - and I know that is really bad practice on shared hosting.
Please can someone advise on troubleshooting this? I have spent hours but I am getting nowhere.
I wonder if the ownership of the files and directories themselves is wrong. If they are wrong, can anyone direct me to step-by-step instructions for changing them?
Examining the 'problem' files and directories using FireFTP, I see
that both user and group names are the same as the FTP username that
was given me by my web host.
Looking at another Drupal site that works properly, I see that files
and directories in sites/default/files are set to user 531/group 528.
Thanks in anticipation! I am running D7.18 on PHP 5.2.10 with extensions enabled. Everything else seems to be working very well indeed. However, I am not sure I have the Apache or Linux skills needed to resolve this, or even to ask my hosts the correct questions ...
755 basically means that only the owner of the files can modify them, so you could try changing the directory permissions to 775 so that the owner and group can modify.
If you are using shared hosting I suggest you ask your hosting provider to help as they will have a better understanding of the users and groups on the server.
Cheers
I've just finished moving a Wordpress site to a new server. The domain has not changed, nor has the directory that Wordpress is installed in; the only thing that has changed is the machine it happens to be on.
The only problem I seem to have had as a result is that my permalinks aren't working, and when I go into the permalink settings, it claims that my .htaccess is unwrittable. For testing sake my .htaccess is currently CHMOD777, so it definitely is.
Any suggestions?
I have experienced problems in changing file permissions through FTP sometimes; CPanel always works. So try doing it from your host's control panel.
If that doesn't work, try editing .htaccess file manually. Follow this link to learn how to.
Your files may be 'owned' by a different user, especially if your hosting provider moved the files for you or if you used a script. If you continue to have problems, ask your hosting provider to check if the owner and permissions are set correctly on the files.
The permalinks themselves aren't working, i.e. the rules already in the .htaccess file from the previous server aren't taking effect. Mod rewrite, header and expire weren't installed. If a moderator wants to delete this silly question please feel free.
I'm having trouble with my Apache Web Server. I have a folder (htdocs\images) where I have a number of images already in place. I can browse them and see them on my web server (and access them via HTML). I added a new image in there today, and went to browse to it, and it can't be found. I double and triple checked the path and everything. I even restarted Apache and that didn't seem to help.
I'm really confused as to what's going on here. Anybody have any suggestions?
Thank you.
Edit I just turned on the ability for the images directory to be listed, browsed to it (http://127.0.0.1/images/) and I was able to see all the previous images that were in the folder, but not the new one.
Turn directory indexes on for htdocs\images, remove (or move out of the way) any index.* files, and point your browser at http://yoursite/images/
That should give you a full listing of files in that directory. If the file you're looking for isn't there, then Apache is looking at a different directory than you think it is. You'll have to search your httpd.conf for clues -- DocumentRoot, Alias, AliasMatch, Redirect, RedirectMatch, RewriteRule -- there are probably dozens of apache directives that could be causing the web server to get its documents from somewhere other than where you think it's looking.
make sure the caSE and spelling are 100% correct.
There is not magic in programming (some may disagree:), so look for silly errors. Wrong server? Case of your letters? Wrong extension?
There's a chance it could be due to the cookies stored on your device. I would delete all cookies to the website you're working on before you refresh again