Set "min-width" or "max-width" in a media query passing a parameter to a mixin - less

I would like to make dynamic MIN/MAX suffix in properties defined in a Less MediaQuery.
I wrote this code but it does not compile:
#screen-md: 800px;
.MEDIAQUERY(#min-max, #size)
{
#media screen and (#{min-max}-width: #size)
{
#{min-max}-width:100px;
}
}
header
{
background-color: blue;
.MEDIAQUERY ( #min-max: max, #size: #screen-md );
}
While #{min-max}-width:100px; is a correct syntax, equivalent applied in Mediaquery definition is not allowed, but I need to set sometime "max-width" value, and others "min-width" value in my media queries. How to obtain this?

Option 1: (Using a variable and interpolation)
You can do it like below
.MEDIAQUERY(#min-max, #size) {
#mediaQuery: ~"screen and (#{min-max}-width: #{size})";
#media #mediaQuery {
#{min-max}-width:100px;
}
}
Option 2: (Using Guards)
You can use guards in the mixin like below to check what was the value that was passed for the #min-max parameter and then output the appropriate CSS based on it.
.MEDIAQUERY(#min-max, #size){
& when (#min-max = min) {
#media screen and (min-width: #size) {
min-width:100px;
}
}
& when (#min-max = max) {
#media screen and (max-width: #size) {
max-width:100px;
}
}
}
When the above mixin is called like below (with either of the options mentioned above):
header
{
background-color: blue;
.MEDIAQUERY ( #min-max: max, #size: #screen-md );
}
div{
background-color: red;
.MEDIAQUERY ( #min-max: min, #size: #screen-md );
}
it would compile into the below CSS:
header {
background-color: blue;
}
#media screen and (max-width: 800px) {
header {
max-width: 100px;
}
}
div {
background-color: red;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 800px) {
div {
min-width: 100px;
}
}

Related

Change mixin variable based on media (or some other condition)

Say I have a complex mixin function. Something like
.MyMixin(#Count, #ManyOtherVars)
{
.Item
{
width: calc( 100% / #Count);
}
//lot's of other rules not affected by #Count
}
And then I want to call this mixin with different values for different media
e.g.
.SomeClass
{
#media screen (max-width: 1000px)
{
.MyMixin(5, 1);
}
#media screen (min-width: 1000px)
{
.MyMixin(10, 1);
}
}
This works fine, except the generated css duplicates all the stuff which has not changed
#media screen (max-width: 1000px)
{
.SomeClass .Item
{
width: calc( 100% / 5 );
}
.SomeClass
{
/* lot's of other rules not affected by #Count */
}
}
#media screen (min-width: 1000px)
{
.SomeClass .Item
{
width: calc( 100% / 10 );
}
.SomeClass
{
/* lot's of other rules not affected by #Count */
}
}
Which, needless to say, is quite wasteful when only one thing changed.
Are there any workarounds to produce a leaner output that don't require the calling class to know something about what the mixin does, or for the mixin to know about media rules?
I thought maybe a detached rule-set could help, but given variables are not exported from those I'm not sure how it would.
Desired output:
#media screen (max-width: 1000px)
{
.SomeClass .Item
{
width: calc( 100% / 5 );
}
}
#media screen (min-width: 1000px)
{
.SomeClass .Item
{
width: calc( 100% / 10 );
}
}
.SomeClass
{
/* lot's of other rules not affected by #Count */
}
Remove static styles from your mixin and place them directly to SomeClass selector.
.SomeClass {
// Lot's of other rules not affected by #Count
#media screen (max-width: 1000px) {
.MyMixin(5, 1);
}
#media screen (min-width: 1000px) {
.MyMixin(10, 1);
}
}
Better solution:
.MyMixin(#Count, #ManyOtherVars) {
width: calc( 100% / #Count);
}
.SomeClass {
// Lot's of other rules not affected by #Count
.Item {
#media screen (max-width: 1000px) {
.MyMixin(5, 1);
}
#media screen (min-width: 1000px) {
.MyMixin(10, 1);
}
}
}
Now mixin does only one thing. It's simple and reusable.

How to declare same style for #media and descendant selector?

I need to define same style for elements under a media query and descendant by another class.
Perfect solution in LESS could be the following [pseudo-code]:
.foo
{
color:red;
.example &,
#media (min-width:800px)
{
color:blue;
}
}
that should be desirable that would be compiled into:
.foo {
color: red;
}
.example .foo {
color: blue;
}
#media (min-width: 800px) {
.foo {
color: blue;
}
}
THIS SYNTAX IS INCORRECT but, do you have some suggestion to solve my problem?
Nope, selectors and #media queries are too different language entities (despite having similar {} syntax) so you can't combine those with comma like in your example.
So to get it DRY (assuming that shared style has more than one property of course) you'll need a mixin (or sort of), for example:
.foo {
color: red;
.somename() {
color: blue;
}
.example & {.somename}
#media (min-width: 800px) {.somename}
}
Also see Passing Rulesets to Mixins examples (if you need even more generic solution).
Thanks to #seven-phases-max suggestion, I finally found a possible solution using Detached Ruleset:
#screen-xs: 480px;
#screen-sm: 769px;
#screen-md: 992px;
#screen-lg: 1200px;
.MEDIAQUERY(#only-media, #min-max, #size, #RULES)
{
#screen-width:~"#{screen-#{size}}";
#mediaQuery: ~"screen and (#{min-max}-width: #{screen-width})";
#media #mediaQuery { #RULES(); }
& when (#only-media = false) {
.#{size} & { #RULES(); }
}
}
.foo_media-and-class
{
color:red;
.MEDIAQUERY(#only-media:false, #min-max:max, #size:md,
{
color:blue;
}
);
.MEDIAQUERY(#only-media:false, #min-max:min, #size:lg,
{
color:yellow;
}
);
}
.foo_only-media
{
color:red;
.MEDIAQUERY(#only-media:true, #min-max:max, #size:md,
{
color:blue;
}
);
.MEDIAQUERY(#only-media:true, #min-max:min, #size:lg,
{
color:yellow;
}
);
}
This solution go beyond and offer other options:
Possibility to set a custom value of screen width for media query,
Pass MIN/MAX value of property used in media query (Try to pass "max" instead of "min" calling .MEDIAQUERY mixin)
Toggling generation of simple media query or media query + descendant selector, through #only-media boolean.
I think your comma might be causing the error.
.foo {
color:red;
.example & {
color:blue;
#media (min-width:800px) {
color:blue;
}
}
}
This is proper syntax to output the following:
.foo {
color: red;
}
.example .foo {
color:blue;
}
#media (min-width:800px) {
.example .foo {
color:blue;
}
}

LESS function that builds a media query

Can you write a function in LESS that outputs a media query when you pass in values for it's breakpoints?
I'd like to be able to create them on the fly like this:
// Something like this
.media(#min, #max) {
#query: ~"#media (min-width: #{min}) and (max-width: #{max})";
}
.class {
.media(100px, 400px) {
color: red;
}
.media(401px, 500px) {
color: green;
}
}
// Outputs this:
#media (min-width: 100px) and (max-width: 400px) {
.class {
color: red;
}
}
#media (min-width: 401px) and (max-width: 500px) {
.class {
color: green;
}
}
I thought I had this working, but because the mixins are called within the same scope, the variable isn't being assigned in the second call:
.media (#min, #max) {
#query: ~"(min-width: #{min}) and (max-width: #{max})";
}
.class {
width: 100%;
max-width: 300px;
.media(100px, 400px);
#media #query {
color: red;
}
.media(401px, 800px);
#media #query {
color: green;
}
}
The main problem of your first snippet is that you can't use mixin call to set an identifier for a {...} block. In the snippet the following:
.media(100px, 400px) {
color: red;
}
is actually a new mixin definition and not really a previously defined .media mixin call (so it simply outputs nothing since this new mixin is never invoked).
And proper mixin call syntax:
.media(100px, 400px); {
color: red;
}
in such context would be an equivalent to:
#query: ~"#media (min-width: 100px) and (max-width: 400px)"; {
color: red;
}
which of course does not make any sense for Less at all and it would throw a error.
-------
Your second snippet is more correct, but yes, since both mixin calls share the same scope there's only one #query variable. It's possible to isolate them by putting each into unnamed namespace (which is simply a ruleset with & name so it creates a new scope but then is output as part of the outer ruleset):
.class {
& {.media(100px, 400px);
#media #query {
color: red;
}}
& {.media(401px, 800px);
#media #query {
color: green;
}}
}
This does the trick but obviously it does not look like something really useful (too verbose and unreadable) so for the sake of reference it would make sense to mention other approaches:
-------
Today, the most clean solution for the particular case would be to use ruleset as mixin parameter:
.media(#min, #max, #styles) {
#media (min-width: #min)
and (max-width: #max) {
#styles();
}
}
.class {
.media(100px, 400px, {
color: red;
});
.media(401px, 800px, {
color: green;
});
}
Though I doubt that in a practical project you'd want to explicitly repeat pixel values every time you need the corresponding media so most likely eventually you end with more semantic mixins, e.g.:
.media(#min, #max, #styles) {
#media (min-width: #min)
and (max-width: #max) {
#styles();
}
}
.tiny-screen(#styles) {.media(100px, 400px, #styles)}
.not-so-tiny-screen(#styles) {.media(401px, 800px, #styles)}
.class {
.tiny-screen({
color: red;
});
.not-so-tiny-screen({
color: green;
});
}
------
Passing rulesets to mixins is not the only method to achieve the goal, there're other methods with various pros and cons (some of those can look even more readable if you go the "semantic media blocks" way). See for example https://stackoverflow.com/a/15842048/2712740 (obviously search for [less] media here at SO will point to more inspirations).

Bootstrap, pull-left for small devices

I'm building a site in Bootstrap 3.
Is there anyway to make a element use the class pull-left on smaller devices and use pull-right on larger ones?
Something like: pull-left-sm pull-right-lg.
I've managed to do it with jquery, catching the resize of the window. Is there any other way? Pref without duplicating the code in a hidden-x pull-left. Or is it considered more ok to duplicate code/content now when going responsive?
Just add this to your SASS file:
#media (max-width: $screen-xs-max) {
.pull-xs-left {
float: left;
}
.pull-xs-right {
float: right;
}
}
#media (min-width: $screen-sm-min) and (max-width: $screen-sm-max) {
.pull-sm-left {
float: left;
}
.pull-sm-right {
float: right;
}
}
#media (min-width: $screen-md-min) and (max-width: $screen-md-max) {
.pull-md-left {
float: left;
}
.pull-md-right {
float: right;
}
}
#media (min-width: $screen-lg-min) {
.pull-lg-left {
float: left;
}
.pull-lg-right {
float: right;
}
}
Insert actual px values for $screen-* if you use plain CSS of course.
HTML:
<div class="pull-md-left pull-lg-left">
this div is only floated on screen-md and screen-lg
</div>
You can use CSS Media Queries
basic usage will be like this; if you want to float left below devices of width 500px, then
#media (max-width: 500px) {
.your_class {
float: left;
}
}
#media (min-width: 501px) {
.your_class {
float: right;
}
}
There is no need to create your own class with media queries. Bootstrap 3 already has float ordering for media breakpoints under Column Ordering.
The syntax for the class is col-<#grid-size>-(push|pull)-<#cols> where <#grid-size> is xs, sm, md or lg and <#cols> is how far you want the column to move for that grid size. Push or pull is left or right of course.
I use it all the time so I know it works well.
Possibly you can use column ordering.
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 col-md-push-3">.col-md-9 .col-md-push-3</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-pull-9">.col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9</div>
</div>
Looks like floating columns will be getting added to version 4 by like #Alex has done - https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/13690
Yes. Create your own style. I don’t know what element you’re trying to float left/right, but create an application.css file and create a CSS class for it:
/* default, mobile-first styles */
.logo {
float: left;
}
/* tablets and upwards */
#media (min-width: 768px) {
.logo {
float: right;
}
}
Don’t be afraid to write custom CSS. Bootstrap is meant to be exactly that: a bootstrap, a starter point.
This is what i am using . change #screen-xs-max for other sizes
/* Pull left in mobile resolutions */
#media (max-width: #screen-xs-max) {
.pull-xs-right {
float: right !important;
}
.pull-xs-left {
float: left !important;
}
.radio-inline.pull-xs-left + .radio-inline.pull-xs-left ,
.checkbox-inline.pull-xs-left + .checkbox-inline.pull-xs-left {
margin-left: 0;
}
.radio-inline.pull-xs-left, .checkbox-inline.pull-xs-left{
margin-right: 10px;
}
}
LESS version of #Alex's answer
#media (max-width: #screen-xs-max) {
.pull-xs-left {
.pull-left();
}
.pull-xs-right {
.pull-right();
}
}
#media (min-width: #screen-sm-min) and (max-width: #screen-sm-max) {
.pull-sm-left {
.pull-left();
}
.pull-sm-right {
.pull-right();
}
}
#media (min-width: #screen-md-min) and (max-width: #screen-md-max) {
.pull-md-left {
.pull-left();
}
.pull-md-right {
.pull-right();
}
}
#media (min-width: #screen-lg-min) {
.pull-lg-left {
.pull-left();
}
.pull-lg-right {
.pull-right();
}
}

Splitting up a list of variables in Sass

In Sass is there a way to split up a list of variables / classes with hyphens?
It's a fuzzy question title so it's probably best I show what I'm trying to achieve.
In the below example I'm trying to create some utility classes that I can apply to HTML elements to help with vertical rhythm.
For example I may want to give an element a small margin that is consistent with my vertical rhythm strategy and so I'll add the class .m-t-s (which stands for margin-top-small).
I then want to output versions of those utility classes against for each media query I have for fine grain control e.g. I may want a class .m-t-s-768 which will add a small top margin when there is a minimum viewport width of 768px.
I have achieved this below, but it is a very long-winded and repetitive way of doing it. Can anyone suggest a more concise way?
Variables
––––––––––
$mediaQueries-px:
640,
768,
1024
;
$s: 20px; /* FYI I've simplified these examples for the sake of demonstration, normally I use something like ($baseLineHeight / 1.5) + rem */
$m: 50px;
$l: 60px;
Creating the classes
–––––––––––––––––––––
.m-t-s {
margin-top: $s;
}
/* Create versions for each defined media query */
#each $mediaQuery in $mediaQueries-px {
#media screen and (min-width: ($mediaQuery / 16px)) {
.m-t-s-#{$mediaQuery} {
margin-top: $s;
}
}
}
.m-t-m {
margin-top: $m;
}
/* Create versions for each defined media query */
#each $mediaQuery in $mediaQueries-px {
#media screen and (min-width: ($mediaQuery / 16px)) {
.m-t-m-#{$mediaQuery} {
margin-top: $m;
}
}
}
This repeats for .m-t-l too (margin top large), and then it continues for padding classes (e.g. .p-t-s and so on), so it gets to be a pretty long list of utility classes.
To programatically generate that output, you need another list and an inner loop:
$mediaQueries-px:
640,
768,
1024
;
$s: 20px;
$m: 50px;
$l: 60px;
$sizes: s $s, m $m, l $l;
#each $size in $sizes {
.m-t-#{nth($size, 1)} {
margin-top: nth($size, 2);
}
}
#each $mediaQuery in $mediaQueries-px {
#media screen and (min-width: ($mediaQuery / 16 * 1em)) { // modified for compilation purposes
#each $size in $sizes {
.m-t-#{nth($size, 1)}-#{$mediaQuery} {
margin-top: nth($size, 2);
}
}
}
}
Output:
.m-t-s {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.m-t-m {
margin-top: 50px;
}
.m-t-l {
margin-top: 60px;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 40em) {
.m-t-s-640 {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.m-t-m-640 {
margin-top: 50px;
}
.m-t-l-640 {
margin-top: 60px;
}
}
#media screen and (min-width: 48em) {
.m-t-s-768 {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.m-t-m-768 {
margin-top: 50px;
}
.m-t-l-768 {
margin-top: 60px;
}
}
#media screen and (min-width: 64em) {
.m-t-s-1024 {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.m-t-m-1024 {
margin-top: 50px;
}
.m-t-l-1024 {
margin-top: 60px;
}
}