Convert Rows into Columns in Sql query - sql

Question

I am having tough time to figure out this please help me
I have time in/out sql query
I have a table looks like below. there are four columns display time in/out info such as...
Date Day Day TimeStamp CheckType
10/11/2014 Sat 8:30 am in
10/11/2014 Sat 11:30am out
10/11/2014 Sat 1:30pm in
10/11/2014 Sat out
10/12/2014 Sun 9:00am in
10/12/2014 Sun 11:20pm out
10/12/2014 Sun 5:20pm out
10/13/2014 Mon 8:00am in
10/13/2014 Mon 6:10pm in
so whoever checkin or checkout then the record will display the result in order and if someone is supposed to check out but accidently pressed in button then this will display as it is (in) or if someone forget to check out then that space will show blank
I am trying to convert rows into column and display such information in below
Date Day Time Type Time Type Time Type Time Type etc-----
10/11/2014 Sat 8:30am in 11:30am out 1:30pm in
10/12/2014 Sun 9:00am in 11:20am out 1:20pm in 6:20pm in
10/13/2014 Mon 8:00am in 6:10pm out
10/14/2014 Tus 8:20am in
etc
I have tried to use pivot
select Date, Day, [1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10] etc---
from
(
select Date, Day, Stamptime, CheckTime, userID
from a table
)
pivot
(
max(StampTime)
for stamptime in ([1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10] etc---)
) as PivotTable
can anyone explain how to convert the rows into columns I have spent many days already.

Answer 1

Here's something close to what you're after, making use of XML to get the variable number of columns. As mentioned in my comment above though, I don't recommend this approach.
SQL Fiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/e5b325/2
select [Date]
, [Day]
, (
select [TimeStamp] [Time]
, [CheckType] [Type]
from aTable b
where b.[Date] = a.[Date]
order by [TimeStamp], [CheckType]
for xml path ('')
) CheckInAndOutInfo
from aTable a
group by [Date], [Day]
order by [Date]
Output:
DATE DAY CHECKINANDOUTINFO
2014-10-11 Sat <Type>Out</Type><Time>08:30:00</Time><Type>In</Type><Time>11:30:00</Time><Type>Out</Type><Time>13:30:00</Time><Type>In</Type>
2014-10-12 Sun <Time>09:00:00</Time><Type>In</Type><Time>17:20:00</Time><Type>Out</Type><Time>23:20:00</Time><Type>Out</Type>
2014-10-13 Mon <Time>08:00:00</Time><Type>In</Type><Time>18:10:00</Time><Type>In</Type>
Alternatively, if you can guarantee you'll never have more than a certain number of check-ins/outs per day, you could do the following (this assumes no more than 5 per day):
SQL Fiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/e5b325/4
select *
from
(
select [Date], [Day]
, 'T' + CAST(ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by [Date] order by [TimeStamp], [CheckType]) as nvarchar) r
, cast([TimeStamp] as nvarchar) pvtVal
from aTable
where [TimeStamp] is not null
union all
select [Date], [Day]
, 'C' + CAST(ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by [Date] order by [TimeStamp], [CheckType]) as nvarchar) r
, cast([CheckType] as nvarchar) pvtVal
from aTable
where [TimeStamp] is not null
) x
pivot
(
min(pvtVal)
for r in ([T1], [C1], [T2], [C2], [T3], [C3], [T4], [C4], [T5], [C5])
) y
order by [Date]
Output:
DATE DAY T1 C1 T2 C2 T3 C3 T4 C4 T5 C5
2014-10-11 Sat 08:30:00.0000000 In 11:30:00.0000000 Out 13:30:00.0000000 In (null) (null) (null) (null)
2014-10-12 Sun 09:00:00.0000000 In 17:20:00.0000000 Out 23:20:00.0000000 Out (null) (null) (null) (null)
2014-10-13 Mon 08:00:00.0000000 In 18:10:00.0000000 In (null) (null) (null) (null) (null) (null)
...Or if you wanted to use dynamic SQL, you could do this:
SQL Fiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/e5b325/6
declare #sql nvarchar(max)
select #sql = coalesce(#sql+',','') + QUOTENAME('T' + CAST(x as nvarchar)) + ',' + QUOTENAME('C' + CAST(x as nvarchar))
from
(
select distinct row_number() over (partition by [Date] order by [Date]) x
from aTable
where [TimeStamp] is not null
) y
order by x
set #sql =
'select *
from
(
select [Date], [Day]
, ''T'' + CAST(ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by [Date] order by [TimeStamp], [CheckType]) as nvarchar) r
, cast([TimeStamp] as nvarchar) pvtVal
from aTable
where [TimeStamp] is not null
union all
select [Date], [Day]
, ''C'' + CAST(ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by [Date] order by [TimeStamp], [CheckType]) as nvarchar) r
, cast([CheckType] as nvarchar) pvtVal
from aTable
where [TimeStamp] is not null
) x
pivot
(
min(pvtVal)
for r in (' + #sql + ')
) y
order by [Date]'
exec (#sql)
Output:
DATE DAY T1 C1 T2 C2 T3 C3
2014-10-11 Sat 08:30:00.0000000 In 11:30:00.0000000 Out 13:30:00.0000000 In
2014-10-12 Sun 09:00:00.0000000 In 17:20:00.0000000 Out 23:20:00.0000000 Out
2014-10-13 Mon 08:00:00.0000000 In 18:10:00.0000000 In (null) (null)