SQL conversion from varchar to datetime - sql

One of the columns of my SQL Server table is mm:ss of varchar type where mm = minutes and ss = seconds.
I need to get the average of that column.
Should I convert that column to datetime format first? If so can you tell me how? If not can you tell me what I should do?
Here is my failed attempt to convert it to datetime :
SELECT CONVERT(DATETIME, '2014-01-01 '+Pace+':00', 108)
Where pace is a varchar like 23:05


If you want the average, I would convert the column to number of seconds and work with that:
select avg(pace_secs) as average_in_seconds
from (select cast(left(pace, 2) as int) * 60 + cast(right(pace, 2) as int) as pace_secs
from t
) t;
If you want this back in the format, then you can do:
select right('00' + cast(avg(pace_secs) / 60 as int), 2) + ':' +
right('00' + avg(page_secs) % 60), 2)
from (select cast(left(pace, 2) as int) * 60 + cast(right(pace, 2) as int) as pace_secs
from t
) t;


declare #pace varchar(20) = '23:05 ';
SELECT cast( '2014-01-01 '+cast(#pace as varchar(5))+':00' as datetime)


For SQL2012 and later
SELECT
FORMAT(DATEADD(second,AVG(DATEDIFF(second,0,'00:'+[Pace])),0),'mm:ss')
FROM MyTable

Related

How to calculate the sum of time with SQL SERVER? [duplicate]

I have a column called "WrkHrs" and the data type is time(hh:mm:ss). I want to sum up the working hours for employees. But since it's time data type sql server doesn't let me use like sum(columnname).
How can I sum up the time data type fieled in sql query?

SELECT EmployeeID, minutes_worked = SUM(DATEDIFF(MINUTE, '0:00:00', WrkHrs))
FROM dbo.table
-- WHERE ...
GROUP BY EmployeeID;
You can format it pretty on the front end. Or in T-SQL:
;WITH w(e, mw) AS
(
SELECT EmployeeID, SUM(DATEDIFF(MINUTE, '0:00:00', WrkHrs))
FROM dbo.table
-- WHERE ...
GROUP BY EmployeeID
)
SELECT EmployeeID = e,
WrkHrs = RTRIM(mw/60) + ':' + RIGHT('0' + RTRIM(mw%60),2)
FROM w;
However, you're using the wrong data type. TIME is used to indicate a point in time, not an interval or duration. Wouldn't it make sense to store their work hours in two distinct columns, StartTime and EndTime?

In order to sum up the working hours for an employee you can calculate the difference between the shift start time and end time in minutes and convert it to readable format as following:
DECLARE #StartTime datetime = '08:00'
DECLARE #EndTime datetime = '10:47'
DECLARE #durMinutes int
DECLARE #duration nvarchar(5)
SET #durMinutes = DATEDIFF(MINUTE, #StartTime, #EndTime)
SET #duration =
(SELECT RIGHT('00' + CAST((#durMinutes / 60) AS VARCHAR(2)),2) + ':' +
RIGHT('00' + CAST((#durMinutes % 60) AS VARCHAR(2)), 2))
SELECT #duration
The result : 02:47
two hours and 47 minutes

select DATEDIFF(MINUTE, '0:00:00', '00:02:08')
results in :- 2
select DATEDIFF(SECOND, '0:00:00', '00:02:08')
results in :- 128
Using seconds gives a better answer.
So I think the answer can be
SELECT
EmployeeId
, seconds_worked = SUM (DATEDIFF (SECOND, '0:00:00', WrkHrs))
FROM
tbl_employee
GROUP BY
EmployeeId;

DECLARE #Tab TABLE
(
data CHAR(5)
)
INSERT #Tab
SELECT '25:30' UNION ALL
SELECT '31:45' UNION ALL
SELECT '16:00'
SELECT STUFF(CONVERT(CHAR(8), DATEADD(SECOND, theHours + theMinutes,
'19000101'), 8), 1, 2, CAST((theHours + theMinutes) / 3600 AS VARCHAR(12)))
FROM (
SELECT ABS(SUM(CASE CHARINDEX(':', data) WHEN 0 THEN 0 ELSE 3600 *
LEFT(data, CHARINDEX(':', data) - 1) END)) AS theHours,
ABS(SUM(CASE CHARINDEX(':', data) WHEN 0 THEN 0 ELSE 60 *
SUBSTRING(data, CHARINDEX(':', data) + 1, 2) END)) AS theMinutes
FROM #Tab
) AS d

For MS SQL Server, when your WorkingTime is stored as a time, or a varchar in order to sum it up you should consider that:
1) Time format is not supporting sum, so you need to parse it
2) 23:59:59.9999999 is the maximum value for the time.
So, the code that will work to get you the total number of WorkingHours:WorkingMinutes:WorkingSeconds would be the following:
SELECT
CAST(FORMAT((SUM((DATEPART("ss",WorkingTime) + DATEPART("mi",WorkingTime) * 60 + DATEPART("hh",WorkingTime) * 3600)) / 3600),'00') as varchar(max)) + ':' +
CAST(FORMAT((SUM((DATEPART("ss",WorkingTime) + DATEPART("mi",WorkingTime) * 60 + DATEPART("hh",WorkingTime) * 3600)) % 3600 / 60),'00') as varchar(max)) + ':' +
CAST(FORMAT((SUM((DATEPART("ss",WorkingTime) + DATEPART("mi",WorkingTime) * 60 + DATEPART("hh",WorkingTime) * 3600)) % 3600 % 60),'00') as varchar(max)) as WorkingTimeSum
FROM TableName

It must be as simple as that.
Steps
convert time to seconds
sum the RESULT
convert the sum to time
Eg:
take a case you might want to sum the following time:
| present_hours |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:20.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:13.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:45.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:03.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:10.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:00:56.000000 |
SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(SUM(TIME_TO_SEC(present_hours))) as total_present_hours FROM time_booking;

Convert string to Datetime

I've received a flat file and after parsing and inserting it in a table. I've a column which has dates in a format yyyyMMddhhmmss
Here, yyyy is year, MM is month, dd is day, hh is hours, mm is minute and ss is seconds part
I'm trying to convert this to DateTime type as mentioned below but not working for me
SELECT CAST(StrDate as DateTime) FROM [dbo].[Mytable]
For example:
Column has a value 20150121190941 in Varchar format and it should be converted to DateTime as 2015-01-21 19:09:41.000
I apologize if it's a duplicate one.

You can use select DATETIMEFROMPARTS ( year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds, milliseconds )
declare #dt nvarchar(25) = '20150121190941'
select datetimefromparts(left(#dt,4), substring(#dt,5,2), substring(#dt,7,2),substring(#dt,9,2), substring(#dt,11,2), substring(#dt,13,2), '000')

SQL Server readily recognizes YYYYMMDD as a date. So, converting the first 8 characters to a date is easy. Alas, I don't think there is a time representation without colons.
So, here is one rather brutal method:
select (convert(datetime, left(StrDate, 8)) +
convert(time, substring(StrDate, 9, 2 ) + ':' + substring(StrDate, 11, 2 ) + ':' + substring(StrDate, 13, 2 )
)
)

Declare #dt varchar(50)
set #dt=20150121190941
create table tblDateTbl
(
col1 datetime
)
insert into dt (col1)
select SUBSTRING(#dt,1,4) + '-' + SUBSTRING(#dt,5,2) + '-' + SUBSTRING(#dt,7,2)+ ' ' + SUBSTRING(#dt,9,2)+ ':' + SUBSTRING(#dt,11,2)+ ':' + SUBSTRING(#dt,13,2)+ '.000'

Need to format char(4) hhmm to time only or text to look like hh:mm in sql

In the script below, How do I convert the column HHMM to HH:MM and
convert it to 12hr clock?
The column is a char(4) and format 0000 - 2359.
Just want time or text with a colon(:), no date.
Please note that I do not want date or seconds. How do I do this?
Thank you for your help!
Select
th.[store] as 'My Store',
---> this column th.hhmm as Time, (I need this to format hh:mm)
emp.[First Name],
td.Type as [Total],
Count(*) as Qty,
Convert(varchar(50),SUM(Amount1),1) AS Amount

Try this. It uses LEFT and RIGHT functions
declare #time char(4)='2359'
select left(convert(varchar(100),cast(concat(left(#time,2),':',right(#time,2)) as time),9),5)+
' '+
right(convert(varchar(100),cast(concat(left(#time,2),':',right(#time,2)) as time),9),2)

SQL Server:
right('00' + cast((cast(substring(th.hhmm, 1, 2) as int) - 1) % 12 + 1 as varchar(2)), 2) +
':' + substring(th.hhmm, 3, 2) +
case when cast(substring(th.hhmm, 1, 2) as int) >= 12 then 'pm' else 'am' end

You can use substr to do this in Oracle.
select substr(th.hhmm,1,2)||':'||substr(th.hhmm,3,2) from t
In SQL Server, you can use substring
select substring(th.hhmm,1,2)+':'+substring(th.hhmm,3,2) from t
Fiddle with sample data
Edit:
select
case when cast(substring(th.hhmm,1,2) as int) < 12 then
case when cast(substring(th.hhmm,1,2) as int) = 0 then
'12'+':'+substring(th.hhmm,3,2)+' AM'
else substring(th.hhmm,1,2)+':'+substring(th.hhmm,3,2)+' AM' end
when cast(substring(th.hhmm,1,2) as int) > 12 then
cast(substring(th.hhmm,1,2)%12 as varchar(2)) +':'+substring(th.hhmm,3,2)+' PM'
when cast(substring(th.hhmm,1,2) as int) = 12 then
substring(th.hhmm,1,2)+':'+substring(th.hhmm,3,2)+' PM'
end

CAST Correct VARCHAR to DateTime

Good Day
I am working of a existing SQL Server Database. What the developers did is to keep the Date and time separate. The Date is in DateTime format (what I want) but the time is incorrect. if it is 14:30 it shows as 1430 when its 09:25 shows as 925. I am trying tyo combine the date and time to have a Date Time view for an program I am writing on top of this database.
I have created the date as a normal date like this:
CASE
WHEN LEN(T0.BeginTime) = 3 THEN '0' + LEFT(T0.BeginTime, 1) + ':' + RIGHT(T0.BeginTime, 2)
ELSE LEFT(T0.BeginTime, 2) + ':' + RIGHT(T0.BeginTime, 2)
END AS 'NEW Start Time'`
The date now looks like it's the correct format but when I want to combine the date and time I get VARCHAR to DateTime error.
How can I fix this?
This is the error:
The conversion of a varchar data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range value (ONLY RAN 804 RECORDS)
Thanks

This should do the trick, Hope it helps.
DECLARE #DateTime TABLE (
DateWithTime DATE,
BeginTime INT);
INSERT INTO #DateTime
VALUES ('2014-08-04', '1525'),
('2014-08-04', '525'),
('2014-08-04', '15'),
('2014-08-04', '5'),
('2014-08-04', '0'),
('2014-08-04', '90')
;WITH cte_BeginTimeFix
AS (
SELECT
CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), DateWithTime, 120) AS DateWithTime,
RIGHT('0000' + CAST(BeginTime AS VARCHAR(4)), 4) AS BeginTime
FROM #DateTime
)
, cte_DateString
AS (
SELECT DateWithTime,
BeginTime,
DateWithTime + ' ' + STUFF(STUFF('00:00:00.000', 4, 2, RIGHT(BeginTime, 2)), 1, 2, LEFT(BeginTime, 2)) AS DateTimeStr
FROM cte_BeginTimeFix
)
SELECT DateWithTime,
BeginTime,
CASE
WHEN ISDATE(DateTimeStr) = 1 THEN CAST(DateTimeStr AS DATETIME)
ELSE NULL
END AS DateTimeStr
FROM cte_DateString

A different approach is to convert the time column in minutes and add it to the date
DATEADD(minute, T0.BeginTime / 100 * 60 + T0.BeginTime % 100
, CONVERT(VARCHAR, T0.BeginDate, 112))
with that the length of the time column doesn't matter

This should work:
CONVERT
(
DATETIME,
CONVERT(VARCHAR,T0.Date,112) +
' ' +
CASE
WHEN ISNULL(T0.BeginTime,'0') = '0'
THEN '00:00'
ELSE
RIGHT
(
'00' + LEFT(T0.BeginTime,LEN(T0.BeginTime) - 3),
2
) +
':' +
RIGHT(T0.BeginTime,2)
END
)

How to sum up time field in SQL Server

I have a column called "WrkHrs" and the data type is time(hh:mm:ss). I want to sum up the working hours for employees. But since it's time data type sql server doesn't let me use like sum(columnname).
How can I sum up the time data type fieled in sql query?

SELECT EmployeeID, minutes_worked = SUM(DATEDIFF(MINUTE, '0:00:00', WrkHrs))
FROM dbo.table
-- WHERE ...
GROUP BY EmployeeID;
You can format it pretty on the front end. Or in T-SQL:
;WITH w(e, mw) AS
(
SELECT EmployeeID, SUM(DATEDIFF(MINUTE, '0:00:00', WrkHrs))
FROM dbo.table
-- WHERE ...
GROUP BY EmployeeID
)
SELECT EmployeeID = e,
WrkHrs = RTRIM(mw/60) + ':' + RIGHT('0' + RTRIM(mw%60),2)
FROM w;
However, you're using the wrong data type. TIME is used to indicate a point in time, not an interval or duration. Wouldn't it make sense to store their work hours in two distinct columns, StartTime and EndTime?

In order to sum up the working hours for an employee you can calculate the difference between the shift start time and end time in minutes and convert it to readable format as following:
DECLARE #StartTime datetime = '08:00'
DECLARE #EndTime datetime = '10:47'
DECLARE #durMinutes int
DECLARE #duration nvarchar(5)
SET #durMinutes = DATEDIFF(MINUTE, #StartTime, #EndTime)
SET #duration =
(SELECT RIGHT('00' + CAST((#durMinutes / 60) AS VARCHAR(2)),2) + ':' +
RIGHT('00' + CAST((#durMinutes % 60) AS VARCHAR(2)), 2))
SELECT #duration
The result : 02:47
two hours and 47 minutes

select DATEDIFF(MINUTE, '0:00:00', '00:02:08')
results in :- 2
select DATEDIFF(SECOND, '0:00:00', '00:02:08')
results in :- 128
Using seconds gives a better answer.
So I think the answer can be
SELECT
EmployeeId
, seconds_worked = SUM (DATEDIFF (SECOND, '0:00:00', WrkHrs))
FROM
tbl_employee
GROUP BY
EmployeeId;

DECLARE #Tab TABLE
(
data CHAR(5)
)
INSERT #Tab
SELECT '25:30' UNION ALL
SELECT '31:45' UNION ALL
SELECT '16:00'
SELECT STUFF(CONVERT(CHAR(8), DATEADD(SECOND, theHours + theMinutes,
'19000101'), 8), 1, 2, CAST((theHours + theMinutes) / 3600 AS VARCHAR(12)))
FROM (
SELECT ABS(SUM(CASE CHARINDEX(':', data) WHEN 0 THEN 0 ELSE 3600 *
LEFT(data, CHARINDEX(':', data) - 1) END)) AS theHours,
ABS(SUM(CASE CHARINDEX(':', data) WHEN 0 THEN 0 ELSE 60 *
SUBSTRING(data, CHARINDEX(':', data) + 1, 2) END)) AS theMinutes
FROM #Tab
) AS d

For MS SQL Server, when your WorkingTime is stored as a time, or a varchar in order to sum it up you should consider that:
1) Time format is not supporting sum, so you need to parse it
2) 23:59:59.9999999 is the maximum value for the time.
So, the code that will work to get you the total number of WorkingHours:WorkingMinutes:WorkingSeconds would be the following:
SELECT
CAST(FORMAT((SUM((DATEPART("ss",WorkingTime) + DATEPART("mi",WorkingTime) * 60 + DATEPART("hh",WorkingTime) * 3600)) / 3600),'00') as varchar(max)) + ':' +
CAST(FORMAT((SUM((DATEPART("ss",WorkingTime) + DATEPART("mi",WorkingTime) * 60 + DATEPART("hh",WorkingTime) * 3600)) % 3600 / 60),'00') as varchar(max)) + ':' +
CAST(FORMAT((SUM((DATEPART("ss",WorkingTime) + DATEPART("mi",WorkingTime) * 60 + DATEPART("hh",WorkingTime) * 3600)) % 3600 % 60),'00') as varchar(max)) as WorkingTimeSum
FROM TableName

It must be as simple as that.
Steps
convert time to seconds
sum the RESULT
convert the sum to time
Eg:
take a case you might want to sum the following time:
| present_hours |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:20.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:13.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:45.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:03.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:01:10.000000 |
|-----------------|
| 00:00:56.000000 |
SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(SUM(TIME_TO_SEC(present_hours))) as total_present_hours FROM time_booking;