I have two tables, things and properties:
CREATE TABLE things (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY
);
CREATE TABLE properties (
thing_id INT,
key TEXT,
value TEXT
);
I want to select from things and join rows from properties as columns. For example, say I have the following:
INSERT INTO things DEFAULT_VALUES; -- suppose id is 1
INSERT INTO properties (thing_id, key, value) VALUES
(1, 'height', '5'),
(1, 'width', '6'),
(1, 'length', '7');
How can I select from things with height, width, and length as columns?
Also, I don't want to specifically select height, width, and length, but any rows that may be inside properties.
For just three columns:
SELECT t.thing_id
,max(CASE WHEN p.key = 'height' THEN p.value END) AS height
,max(CASE WHEN p.key = 'width' THEN p.value END) AS width
,max(CASE WHEN p.key = 'length' THEN p.value END) AS length
FROM things t
LEFT JOIN properties p ON p.thing_id = t.id
WHERE t.id = 1
GROUP BY 1;
Or use crosstab() from the additional module tablefunc which is typically faster, and shorter for long lists of attributes:
SELECT * FROM crosstab(
'SELECT t.thing_id, p.key, p.value
FROM things t
LEFT JOIN properties p ON p.thing_id = t.id
WHERE t.id = 1
ORDER BY 1'
,$$VALUES ('height'::text), ('width'), ('length')$$) -- add more
AS ct (thing_id int, height int, width int, length int); -- add more
Types have to match. Detailed explanation:
PostgreSQL Crosstab Query
A completely dynamic list of columns cannot be achieved in a single query. I have tried many times. Here is what can be done:
Dynamic alternative to pivot with CASE and GROUP BY
May be you can try table aliases here:
SELECT p1.key, p2.key, p3.key
FROM properties as t1
JOIN properties AS p1 ON p1.thing_id= t1.thing_id
JOIN properties AS p2 ON p2.thing_id= t1.thing_id
JOIN properties AS p3 ON p3.thing_id= t1.thing_id
WHERE t1.thing_id = 1;
Related
Hello I have the following query in postgres. And I get the following result.
create temporary table "query_table" as
select
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes".iqnum as "surgery",
adminssion_time as "Admissió in",
pre_enter_time as "Preparació in",
quiro_enter_time as "Quiròfan in",
quiro_exit_time as "Quiròfan out",
recu_enter_time as "Recuperació in",
exit_time as "Sortida",
max(case when ("airgoLocator_phase".name='Inici anestèsia') then "airgoLocator_phasehistory".timestamp else NULL end) as Inici_anestesia,
max(case when ("airgoLocator_phase".name='Inici cirurgia') then "airgoLocator_phasehistory".timestamp else NULL end) as Inici_cirurgia,
max(case when ("airgoLocator_phase".name='Fi cirurgia') then "airgoLocator_phasehistory".timestamp else NULL end) as Fi_cirurgia,
max(case when ("airgoLocator_phase".name='Fi anestèsia') then "airgoLocator_phasehistory".timestamp else NULL end) as Fi_anestesia
from
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes"
inner join
"airgoLocator_surgery"
on
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes".iqnum = "airgoLocator_surgery".iqnum
inner join
"airgoLocator_phasehistory"
on
"airgoLocator_surgery".id = "airgoLocator_phasehistory".surgery_id
inner join
"airgoLocator_phase"
on
"airgoLocator_phasehistory".phase_id = "airgoLocator_phase".id
--where "airgoLocator_surgerytimes".iqnum = '0018571064'
group by "airgoLocator_surgerytimes".iqnum, "airgoLocator_surgerytimes".adminssion_time,
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes".pre_enter_time, "airgoLocator_surgerytimes".quiro_enter_time,
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes".quiro_exit_time, "airgoLocator_surgerytimes".recu_enter_time,
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes".exit_time, "airgoLocator_phase".name, "airgoLocator_phasehistory".timestamp,
"airgoLocator_surgerytimes".id, "airgoLocator_phasehistory".phase_id
order by "airgoLocator_surgerytimes".id desc, phase_id asc
;
select * from "query_table" where surgery = '0018571064';
My question is how can I get rid of the null fields and the repeated data so that I am left with a single row with all the information. For example like this:
Due to the way you are adding the rows into your temp table, with null values, we have to filter for the columns that do not have null values. You can get the result you want in two different ways. Using either group by, or using inner join on the same table multiple times. Here is an example of both:
Using group by:
select distinct
t1.surgury,
t1.Admission,
t1.preperation,
t1.Quirofan_in,
t1.Quirofan_out,
t1.recuperacion,
t1.sortida,
max(t1.inici_anestesia) [inici_anestesia],
max(t1.inici_cirurgia)[inici_cirurgia],
max(t1.fi_cirurgia)[fi_cirurgia]
from table2 t1
group by surgury, Admission, preperation, Quirofan_in, Quirofan_out, recuperacion, sortida
Using inner join method:
select distinct
t1.surgury,
t1.Admission,
t1.preperation,
t1.Quirofan_in,
t1.Quirofan_out,
t1.recuperacion,
t1.sortida,
t2.inici_anestesia,
t3.inici_cirurgia,
t4.fi_cirurgia
from table2 t1
inner join table2 t2 on t2.surgury=t1.surgury and t2.inici_anestesia is not null
inner join table2 t3 on t3.surgury=t1.surgury and t3.inici_cirurgia is not null
inner join table2 t4 on t2.surgury=t1.surgury and t4.fi_cirurgia is not null
I can tell you a solution, but you need to know your data and check if this solution does not match with your expected result.
You can remove those columns from group by clause and wrap them with MAX Function in SELECT clause.
But if the values in different rows (except null values) are different you miss them. In this case you may decide to use SUM function. It depends on your business goal.
Because your query is very long; I provide you a simple sample to understand.
Create Table Test (
ID int,
groupColumn1 int,
groupColumn2 int
)
INSERT Test (ID, groupColumn1, groupColumn2)
Values (1, 10, 20),
(1, 10, NULL),
(1, NULL, 20)
select ID, Max(groupColumn1) groupColumn1, MAX(groupColumn2) groupColumn2
From Test
Group by ID
I have tables:
Result containing 5 columns: result_id, num_1, num_2, num_3, num_4
Ref containing 4 columns: num_1, num_2, num_3, num_4
Columns num contain random int in range of 1-9
Aim of exercise is to display all result_id from Result table which have num values combination present in Ref table and to display result_id which have not met combination criteria.
I've been trying left joining ref to result, but unfortunately no success. Could you please share some light how to deal with it?
If you want the result_id for which combination exists in the ref table then use following JOIN query:
select distinct r.result_id
from results r
join ref on r.num_1 = ref.num_1 and r.num_2 = ref.num_2
and r.num_3 = ref.num_3 and r.num_4 = ref.num_4
If you want the result_id for which combination do not exists in REF table then use the LEFT JOIN as follows:
select r.result_id
from results r
left join ref on r.num_1 = ref.num_1 and r.num_2 = ref.num_2
and r.num_3 = ref.num_3 and r.num_4 = ref.num_4
where ref.num_1 is null -- or use PK / Not nullable column of REF table here
Assuming you want the columns to "line up" and you want to add a flag to the result_id in the first table, then use exists:
select t1.*,
(case when exists (select 1
from table2 t2
where t2.n1 = t1.n1 and t2.n2 = t1.n2 and t2.n3 = t1.n3 and t2.n4
)
then 'present' else 'not present'
end) as flag
from t2;
I have flat table which I have to join using EAN attribute with my main table and update gid (id of my main table).
id attrib value gid
1 weight 10 NULL
1 ean 123123123112 NULL
1 color blue NULL
2 weight 5 NULL
2 ean 331231313123 NULL
I was trying to pivot ean rows into column, next join on ean both tables, and for this moment everything works great.
--update SideTable
--set gid = ab_id
select gid, ab_id
from SideTable
pivot (max (value) for attrib in ([EAN],[MPN])) as b
join MainTable as c
on c.ab_ean = b.EAN
where b.EAN !='' AND c.ab_archive = '0'
When I am selecting both id columns is okey, but when I am uncomment first lines and delete select whole table is set with first gid from my main table.
It have to set my main id into all attributes where ID where ean is matched from my main table.
I am sorry for my terrible english but I hope someone can help me, with that.
The reason your update does not work is that you don't have any link between your source and target for the update, although you reference sidetable in the FROM clause, this is effectively destroyed by the PIVOT function, leaving no link back to the instance of SideTable that you are updating. Since there is no link, all rows are updated with the same value, this will be the last value encountered in the FROM.
This can be demonstrated by running the following:
DECLARE #S TABLE (ID INT, Attrib VARCHAR(50), Value VARCHAR(50), gid INT);
INSERT #S
VALUES
(1, 'weight', '10', NULL), (1, 'ean', '123123123112', NULL), (1, 'color', 'blue', NULL),
(2, 'weight', '5', NULL), (2, 'ean', '331231313123', NULL);
SELECT s.*
FROM #S AS s
PIVOT (MAX(Value) FOR attrib IN ([EAN],[MPN])) AS pvt;
You clearly have a table aliased s in the FROM clause, however because you have used pivot you cannot use SELECT s*, you get the following error:
The column prefix 's' does not match with a table name or alias name used in the query.
You haven't provided sample data for your main table, but I am about 95% certain your PIVOT is not needed, I think you can get your update using just normal JOINs:
UPDATE s
SET gid = ab_id
FROM SideTable AS s
INNER JOIN SideTable AS ean
ON ean.ID = s.ID
AND ean.attrib = 'ean'
INNER JOIN MainTable AS m
ON m.ab_EAN = ean.Value
WHERE m.ab_archive = '0'
AND m.ab_EAN != '';
As per comment to the question, you need to use update + select statement.
A standard version looks like:
UPDATE
T
SET
T.col1 = OT.col1,
T.col2 = OT.col2
FROM
Some_Table T
INNER JOIN
Other_Table OT
ON
T.id = OT.id
WHERE
T.col3 = 'cool'
As to your needs:
update a
set a.gid = p.ab_id
from SideTable As a
Inner join (
select gid, ab_id
from SideTable
pivot (max (value) for attrib in ([EAN],[MPN])) as b
join MainTable as c
on c.ab_ean = b.EAN
where b.EAN !='' AND c.ab_archive = '0') p ON a.ean = p.EAN
try and break it down a bit more like this..
update SideTable
set SideTable.gid = p.ab_id
FROM
(
select gid, ab_id
from SideTable
pivot (max (value) for attrib in ([EAN],[MPN])) as b
join MainTable as c
on c.ab_ean = b.EAN
where b.EAN !='' AND c.ab_archive = '0'
) p
WHERE p.EAN = SideTable.EAN
I am trying to solve the following problem entirely in SQL (ANSI or TSQL, in Sybase ASE 12), without relying on cursors or loop-based row-by-row processing.
NOTE: I already created a solution that accomplishes the same goal in application layer (therefore please refrain from "answering" with "don't do this in SQL"), but as a matter of principle (and hopefully improved performance) I would like to know if there is an efficient (e.g. no cursors) pure SQL solution.
Setup:
I have a table T with the following 3 columns (all NOT NULL):
---- Table T -----------------------------
| item | tag | value |
| [int] | [varchar(10)] | [varchar(255)] |
The table has unique index on item, tag
Every tag has a form of a string "TAG##" where "##" is a number 1-99
Existing tags are not guaranteed to be contiguous, e.g. item 13 may have tags "TAG1", "TAG3", "TAG10".
TASK: I need to insert a bunch of new rows into the table from another table T_NEW, which only have items and values, and assign new tag to them so they don't violate unique index on item, tag.
Uniqueness of values is irrelevant (assume that item+value is always unique already).
---- Table T_NEW --------------------------
| item | tag | value |
| [int] | STARTS AS NULL | [varchar(255)] |
QUESTION: How can I assign new tags to all rows in table T_NEW, such that:
All item+tag combinations in a union of T and T_NEW are unique
Newly assigned tags should all be in the form "TAG##"
Newly assigned tags should ideally be the smallest available for a given item.
If it helps, you can assume that I already have a temp table #tags, with a "tag" column that contains 99 rows containing all the valid tags (TAG1..TAG99, one per row)
I started a fiddle that will get you the list of available "open" tags by item. It does this using the #tags (AllTags) and doing an outer-join-where-null. You could use that to insert new tags from T_New...
with T_openTags as (
select
items.item,
openTagName = a.tag
from
(select distinct item from T) items
cross join AllTags a
left outer join T on
items.item = T.item
and T.tag = a.tag
where
T.item is null
)
select * from T_openTags
or see this updated fiddle to do an update on T_New table. Essentially adds a row_number so we can pick the correct open tag to use in a single update statement. I padded the Tag names with a leading zero to simplify the sorting.
with T_openTags as (
select
items.item,
openTagName = a.tag,
rn = row_number() over(partition by items.item order by a.tag)
from
(select distinct item from T) items
cross join AllTags a
left outer join T on
items.item = T.item
and T.tag = a.tag
where
T.item is null
), T_New_numbered as (
select *,
rn = row_number() over(partition by item order by value)
from T_New
)
update tnn set tag = openTagName
from T_New_numbered tnn
inner join T_openTags tot on
tot.item = tnn.item
and tot.rn = tnn.rn
select * from T_New
updated fiddle with poor mans row_number replacement that only works with distinct T_New values
Try this:
DECLARE #T TABLE (ITEM INT, TAG VARCHAR(10), VALUE VARCHAR(255))
INSERT INTO #T VALUES
(1,'TAG1', '100'),
(2,'TAG2', '200')
DECLARE #T_NEW TABLE (ITEM INT, TAG VARCHAR(10), VALUE VARCHAR(255))
INSERT INTO #T_NEW VALUES
(3,NULL, '500'),
(4,NULL, '600')
INSERT INTO #T
SELECT
ITEM,
('TAG' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),ITEM)) AS TAG,
VALUE
FROM
#T_NEW
SELECT * FROM #T
OK, here's a correct solution, tested to work on Sybase (H/T: big thanks to #ypercube for providing a solid basis for it)
declare #c int
select #c = 1
WHILE (#c > 0)
BEGIN
UPDATE
t_new
SET
tag =
( SELECT min(tags.tag)
FROM #tags tags
LEFT JOIN t o
ON tags.tag = o.tag
AND o.item = t_new.item
LEFT JOIN t_new n3
ON tags.tag = n3.tag
AND n3.item = t_new.item
WHERE o.tag IS NULL
AND n3.tag IS NULL
)
WHERE tag IS NULL
-- and here's the main magic for only updating one item at a time
AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM t_new n2 WHERE t_new.value > n2.value
and n2.tag IS NULL and n2.item=t_new.item)
SELECT #c = ##rowcount
END
Inserting directly to t:
INSERT INTO t
(item, tag, value)
SELECT
item,
( SELECT MIN(tags.tag)
FROM #tags AS tags
LEFT JOIN t AS o
ON tags.tag = o.tag
AND o.item_id = n.item_id
WHERE o.tag IS NULL
) AS tag,
value
FROM
t_new AS n ;
Updating t_new:
UPDATE
t_new AS n
SET
tag =
( SELECT MIN(tags.tag)
FROM #tags AS tags
LEFT JOIN t AS o
ON tags.tag = o.tag
AND o.item_id = n.item_id
WHERE o.tag IS NULL
) ;
Correction
UPDATE
n
SET
n.tag = w.tag
FROM
( SELECT item_id,
tag,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY item_id ORDER BY value) AS rn
FROM t_new
) AS n
JOIN
( SELECT di.item_id,
tags.tag,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY di.item_id ORDER BY tags.tag) AS rn
FROM
( SELECT DISTINCT item_id
FROM t_new
) AS di
CROSS JOIN
#tags AS tags
LEFT JOIN
t AS o
ON tags.tag = o.tag
AND o.item_id = di.item_id
WHERE o.tag IS NULL
) AS w
ON w.item_id = n.item_id
AND w.rn = n.rn ;
excuse the title, i couldn't come up with something short and to the point...
I've got a table 'updates' with the three columns, text, typeid, created - text is a text field, typeid is a foreign key from a 'type' table and created is a timestamp. A user is entering an update and select the 'type' it corresponds too.
There's a corresponding 'type' table with columns 'id' and 'name'.
I'm trying to end up with a result set with as many rows as is in the 'type' table and the latest value from updates.text for the particular row in types. So if i've got 3 types, 3 rows would be returned, one row for each type and the most recent updates.text value for the type in question.
Any ideas?
thanks,
John.
select u.text, u.typeid, u.created, t.name
from (
select typeid, max(created) as MaxCreated
from updates
group by typeid
) mu
inner join updates u on mu.typeid = u.typeid and mu.MaxCreated = u.Created
left outer join type t on u.typeid = t.typeid
What are the actual columns you want returned?
SELECT t.*,
y.*
FROM TYPE t
JOIN (SELECT u.typeid,
MAX(u.created) 'max_created'
FROM UPDATES u
GROUP BY u.typeid) x ON x.typeid = t.id
JOIN UPDATES y ON y.typeid = x.typeid
AND y.created = x.max_created
SELECT
TYP.id,
TYP.name,
TXT.comment
FROM
dbo.Types TYP
INNER JOIN dbo.Type_Comments TXT ON
TXT.type_id = TYP.id
WHERE
NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT
*
FROM
dbo.Type_Comments TXT2
WHERE
TXT2.type_id = TYP.id AND
TXT2.created > TXT.created
)
Or:
SELECT
TYP.id,
TYP.name,
TXT.comment
FROM
dbo.Types TYP
INNER JOIN dbo.Type_Comments TXT ON
TXT.type_id = TYP.id
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.Type_Comments TXT2 ON
TXT2.type_id = TYP.id AND
TXT2.created > TXT.created
WHERE
TXT2.type_id IS NULL
In either case, if the created date can be identical between two rows with the same type_id then you would need to account for that.
I've also assumed at least one comment per type exists. If that's not the case then you would need to make a minor adjustment for that as well.