dbcc useroptions
shows the date format
later i changed format using
set dateformat dmy
even though i changed the format the date is being display in the the format of yyyymmdd
how to change the display format without using CONVERT
Since, you didn't mentioned that we can't use CAST, Would the following work for you?
select CAST(getdate() as nvarchar(30))
I know i am not being too fair, but that's all i could do.
you can do something like
SELECT ProductName, Price, FORMAT(Now(),'dd/MM/yyyy') AS PerDate
FROM Products;
SET DATEFORMAT allows you to INSERT/UPDATE dates with different formats without doing any special data conversions.It's not used to get specific date format. The default input format of us english is mdy.If you need to get date in dmy format then you can change the language to Birtish english because the default date format is dmy
SET LANGUAGE 'british english'
Note:Changing database will effect on whole server not on individual databases
Related
I am using this
CAST(NotifDate as date) between #FromNotifDate AND #ToNotifDate
but NotifDate is saved as varchar in table but FromNotifDate AND ToNotifDate are of Date type.
When I pass these parameters 08/06/2014 and 20/04/2020 09:40:17 it doesn't work and throws error i.e.
Conversion failed when converting date and/or time from character string.
but if I pass 08/06/2014 and 10/04/2020 09:40:17 it works.
Your current database locale settings are probably set to en-US or another where the date format is MM/dd/yyyy.
That makes 08/06/2014 and 10/04/2014 valid dates (but they are 6th of August and 4th of October, not 8th of June and 10th of April!), but not 20/04/2020.
To use a different date format, you can use CONVERT, with the proper style code (I believe it's 103 for dd/MM/yyyy (see documentation)
So, this should work for you : CONVERT(date, NotifDate, 103)
Note that, as a general recommendation, it would be beneficial that you input NotifDate as a proper SQL Date in your DB in the first place, if possible, to avoid having to do conversion like this in your queries.
Also, there the unambiguous and international standard ISO-8601 format yyyy-MM-dd which should be always parsed correctly by CAST, I recommend using it over any localized format where you can in your code infrastructure.
System having default date format is "MM/dd/yyyy" so while you set "10/04/2020 09:40:17" value so system throm an Error- out of range Error,
-- The conversion of a varchar data type
-- to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range value.
select cast('20/04/2020 09:40:17' as datetime)
-- get the current session date_format
select date_format
from sys.dm_exec_sessions
where session_id = ##spid
-- set the dateformat for the current session
set dateformat dmy
-- this should work
select cast('20/04/2020 09:40:17' as datetime)
I tried googling to get an answer but in vain. Below is my requirement
User has an option to insert data into a table which has export_date as datetime
When they execute insert statements, I want to ensure that they have keyed in date in "dd-MM-yyyy hh:mm:ss" format. If not, don't allow insert queries to run.
Or allow the user to enter date in any format like dd-MM-yyyy or dd/MM/yyyy but internally convert it into the required format "dd-MM-yyyy hh:mm:ss" and store
Can someone help/guide me?
You can use Set DateFormat
Example
Used data type of date for illustration, but clearly you can use datetime
Set DateFormat DMY
Select try_convert(date,'15/08/2017') -- Returns 2017-08-15
Set DateFormat MDY
Select try_convert(date,'15/08/2017') -- Returns NULL
Set DateFormat YMD
Select try_convert(date,'15/08/2017') -- Returns NULL
You will likely run into issues if you want the user to input the date in the "dd-MM-YYYY" format since if the user inputs in the mm-dd-yyyy format, you'll get different results. "YYYMMDD" is a generic format that SQL Server will always interpret properly.
Once you get the date from the user, you can convert it using the particular format that you want. The following will convert the date to the ISO8601 format:
SELECT
GETDATE() AS UnconvertedDateTime,
CONVERT(nvarchar(30), GETDATE(), 126) AS UsingConvertTo_ISO8601 ;
GO
For more information on the specific date formats, I'd recommend checking out Microsoft's Convert Functions.
When I run the following statement:
SELECT CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE) AS BIRTHDAY
I get the 1988-12-08, not 1988-08-12 in ISO 8601 format. How does SQL Server decide which format to apply for parsing? I know the best practices, I'm just interested in where does it take it and how it can be changed?
First.. Format for parsing dates is based on an environment language currently set in the active session. You can see the current language with SELECT ##LANGUAGE and you can change it using SET LANGUAGE command.
Next you can override the format of current language by setting your own date format with SET DATEFORMAT. However, mind that if you change language again, it overrides the format settings.
Here are few examples on how different settings behave and affect your CAST query:
SET LANGUAGE Italian
SELECT ##LANGUAGE
, CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE) AS BIRTHDAY
, DATENAME(month,CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE)) AS MonthName;
SET LANGUAGE English
SELECT ##LANGUAGE
, CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE) AS BIRTHDAY
, DATENAME(month,CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE)) AS MonthName;
SET DATEFORMAT DMY
SELECT ##LANGUAGE
, CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE) AS BIRTHDAY
, DATENAME(month,CAST ('12/08/1988' AS DATE)) AS MonthName;
Default language setting for each new query is set on login level. You can change it by finding in Object Explorer on server->Logins->YourLogin->Properties->Default Language or with ALTER LOGIN command
Further, there is also a default language on server, which affects default choice for newly created logins.
More about that you can find in this question:
How to change default language for SQL Server?
At the end, like others said, you should avoid confusion by using CONVERT with style, ISO format and appropriate data types.
My tips:
If you want to convert string to date in adhoc queries (like in example), always use ISO format and there is no need to worry about format and not even a need to convert:
SELECT * FROM Table WHERE DateColumn = '20170325'
If you want to convert date to string (for display) use CONVERT with desired style:
SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR(30), DateColumn, 104) FROM Table
SQL Server doesn't have a "culture", it will just always parse a value in that format as mm/dd/yyyy (i.e. US format). you can control it to some degree using DATEFORMAT, for example:
SET DATEFORMAT mdy
However, these are fairly basic formats and you really should avoid relying on them.
If you want to change it, you should use the CONVERT function, or the newer PARSE. For example, to specify British format:
SELECT CONVERT(DATE, '12/08/1988', 103)
Or:
SELECT PARSE('12/08/1988' AS DATETIME USING 'en-GB')
Doing this will always be more reliable, regardless of date formats:
SELECT CAST ('1988-08-12' AS DATE) AS BIRTHDAY
As you're not specifying the format, it will use default date format on your SQL instance, which looks like English US.
We've recently migrated our database to a different server and since this I think the date format querying has changed somehow.
Previously we could use the following..
SELECT * FROM table WHERE date > 'YYYY-MM-DD'
However now we have to use..
SELECT * FROM table WHERE date > 'YYYY-DD-MM'
Can someone tell me what I need to change to get back to the previous version?
Try this one -
Query:
SET DATEFORMAT ymd
Read current settings:
DBCC USEROPTIONS
Output:
Set Option Value
-------------------------- -----------------
...
language us_english
dateformat ymd
...
You are right, the date format is different between the servers.
Lots of people fall into the trap of assuming that if you specify a date literal as 'YYYY-MM-DD', it will be interpreted as that regardless of the current date format. This is incorrect. SQL Server sees the 4 digits at the start of the string and correctly deduces that they represent the year. However, it then uses the current date format to tell which way round the month and day are. If you are in the UK, for example, this puts you in an awkward situation because you need a date format of DMY to interpret a date literal like 'DD-MM-YYYY', but a date format of MDY to interpret a date literal like 'YYYY-MM-DD'.
You have several options:
SET DATEFORMAT YMD, and don't let users enter dates any other way.
Use the ODBC date literal syntax {d'YYYY-MM-DD'}. This will be parsed correctly regardless of the current date format. CONVERT(DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD', 120) has the same effect.
Remove all literal values from your queries and use parameters instead. This is by far the best alternative, and I strongly recommend it.
is you use different formats for the string then you can avoid this behaviour.
There are 2 iso formats that are always specific -- sql server will always parse them in the same way regardless of the server date format setting.
These are:
1) Short form : YYYYMMDD. Example '20120301' -- 1st March 2012
2) Long Form : YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.msms'. Example '2012-03-01T12:13:00.000Z' -- 1st March 2012 at 13 minutes past 12 (PM)
In the long form the miliseconds is optional -- this is a perfectly acceptable ISO datetime '2012-03-01T12:13:00Z'
The Z at the end is time zone information. SQL Server doesn't actually require this. (though other products are a bit more exacting)
Try this for example:
DECLARE #foo DATETIME
SET DATEFORMAT DMY
-- this will be the 3rd of january in DMY
SET #foo = '2012-03-01'
SELECT 'DMY: Not ISO', #foo
SET #foo = '20120301'
SELECT 'DMY: ISO', #foo
SET DATEFORMAT MDY
-- this will be the 1st of March in MDY
SET #foo = '2012-03-01'
SELECT 'MDY: not ISO', #foo
SET #foo = '20120301'
SELECT 'MDY: ISO', #foo
When you use text to enter dates you should always try to use one of the two ISO standards. It just makes things much more deterministic.
Short format (SQL Server)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/ms187085(v=sql.90).aspx
ISO 8601 Format (SQL Server)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190977(v=sql.90).aspx
It's a matter of language/culture
Set Language 'us_english'
How do I check if a date string is in the MM/DD/YYYY format in SQL Server?
SET DATEFORMAT MDY;
SELECT CASE WHEN ISDATE(#string) = 1
AND #string LIKE '[0-1][0-9]/[0-3][0-9]/[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END;
If the result is 1, it's a valid date, but there's no guarantee that it's the date the user meant. If they enter:
06/07/2012
There is no way to know if they meant June 7 or July 6. Your best bet is to make users pick dates from drop-downs or calendar controls, which allows you to control the format and avoid any needless interpretation. Your application layer can use strongly typed variables / parameters and insert into properly typed columns.
If you're after the SQL Server dateformat to see whether it's MDY then use:
dbcc useroptions
And have a look at the dateformat Set Option
you convert date to datestring in this format MM/DD/YYYY using CONVERT function
select convert(varchar(10),getdate(),101)
The output will be as of Sept 8th 2012
09/08/2012
There is no need to validate, other then checking the date field is null or not
You have to do it outside the database. A database stores datetime internally in its own format. I dont think you can read what format the date is stored in. You can read it which ever way you like, for example dd/mm/yyyy or yyyy/mm/dd etc.
What you can do is check this value outside the database for any date field. You can use regular expression for that. But that will be outside the database.