splitting overlapping dates in SQL - sql

Question

I'm on SQLServer 2008 R2
I'm trying to create a report and chart for a a manufacturing resource's activity for a give period (typically 30-90 days)
Jobs are created for the length of the run (e.g. 4 days). If the weekend is not worked and the above jobs starts on a Friday, the resource's activity needs to show 1 day running, 2 days down, 3 days running without the production scheduler having to make it two jobs. I have the jobs' schedules in one table and the downtimes in another (so think of DT like some sort of calendar table). Unusually, the end time is supplied with the downtime factored in.
So I need the query to create 3 datetime ranges for this job: Fri running, Sat,Sun down, Mon,Tues,Wed Running. Note: a single job can have multiple downtime events.
Been going round in circles on this for a while. i'm sure there's an elegant way to do it: I just can't find it. I've found several similar post, but can't apply any to my case (or at least can;t get them to work)
Below is some sample date and expected results. I hope the explanation and example data is clear.
-- Create tables to work with / Source and Destination
CREATE TABLE #Jobs
(
ResourceID int
,JobNo VARCHAR(10)
,startdate SMALLDATETIME
,enddate SMALLDATETIME
)
CREATE TABLE #Downtime
(
ResourceID INT
,Reason VARCHAR(10)
,startdate SMALLDATETIME
,enddate SMALLDATETIME
)
CREATE TABLE #Results
(
ResourceID INT
,Activity VARCHAR(10)
,startdate SMALLDATETIME
,enddate SMALLDATETIME
,ActivityType varchar(1)
)
-- Job Schedule
INSERT INTO [#Jobs]
(
[ResourceID],
[JobNo],
startdate
,enddate
)
SELECT 1, 'J1', '2014-04-01 08:00' ,'2014-04-01 17:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 1, 'J2', '2014-04-01 17:00' , '2014-04-01 23:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'J3', '2014-04-01 08:00' ,'2014-04-01 23:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'J4', '2014-04-01 08:00' ,'2014-04-01 09:00'
SELECT * FROM #jobs
-- Downtime Scehdule
INSERT INTO [#Downtime]
(
[ResourceID],
Reason,
startdate
,enddate
)
SELECT 1, 'DOWN', '2014-04-01 10:00' ,'2014-04-01 11:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 1, 'DOWN', '2014-04-01 21:00' , '2014-04-01 22:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'DOWN', '2014-04-01 10:00' ,'2014-04-01 11:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'DOWN', '2014-04-01 21:00' , '2014-04-01 22:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'DOWN', '2014-04-01 10:00' ,'2014-04-01 11:00'
UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'DOWN', '2014-04-01 21:00' , '2014-04-01 22:00'
SELECT * FROM #Downtime
-- Expected Results
INSERT INTO [#Results]
(
Activity,
[ResourceID],
startdate
,enddate
,[ActivityType]
)
SELECT 'J1', 1, '2014-04-01 08:00' ,'2014-04-01 10:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'DOWN', 1, '2014-04-01 10:00' , '2014-04-01 11:00', 'D'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J1', 1, '2014-04-01 11:00' ,'2014-04-01 17:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J2', 1, '2014-04-01 17:00' , '2014-04-01 21:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'DOWN', 1, '2014-04-01 21:00' , '2014-04-01 22:00', 'D'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J2', 1, '2014-04-01 22:00' ,'2014-04-01 23:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J3', 2, '2014-04-01 08:00' ,'2014-04-01 10:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'DOWN', 2, '2014-04-01 10:00' , '2014-04-01 11:00', 'D'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J3', 2, '2014-04-01 11:00' ,'2014-04-01 21:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'DOWN', 2, '2014-04-01 21:00' , '2014-04-01 22:00', 'D'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J3', 2, '2014-04-01 22:00' ,'2014-04-01 23:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'J4', 3, '2014-04-01 08:00' ,'2014-04-01 09:00', 'P'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'DOWN', 3, '2014-04-01 10:00' , '2014-04-01 11:00', 'D'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'DOWN', 3, '2014-04-01 21:00' , '2014-04-01 22:00', 'D'
SELECT * FROM #Results
ORDER BY [ResourceID], Startdate
DELETE FROM #Results
|--------------------------J1------------------------------------| running
|----D1-----| |-------D2-------| down
|--J1--|----D1-----|-------J1------|-------D2-------|-----J1-----| result
|-----------------------------J1-----------| running
|----D1-------| down
|-----------------J1-----------------------| |----D1-------| result
Can someone point me in the right direction?
This is the closest I've got. Works great when there is an overlap, but fails on J4 where job ends before downtime
WITH cte
AS ( SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY ResourceID, dt ) AS Rno
,x.ResourceID
,x.Activity
,Dt
,xdt.ActivityType
FROM
(
SELECT
ResourceID
,JobNo AS Activity
,startdate
,enddate
,'P' AS ActivityType
FROM #Jobs
UNION ALL
SELECT
ResourceID
,Reason AS Activity
,startdate
,enddate
,'D' AS ActivityType
FROM #Downtime
) AS x
CROSS APPLY
(
VALUES ( x.startdate, x.ActivityType),
( x.enddate, x.ActivityType) ) AS xdt
( Dt, ActivityType )
)
SELECT
x.ResourceID
,CASE WHEN x.Activity > x1.Activity THEN x.Activity
ELSE x1.Activity
END AS Activity
,x.dt AS StartDate
,x1.Dt AS EndDate
,CASE WHEN x.ActivityType > x1.ActivityType THEN x.ActivityType
ELSE x1.ActivityType
END AS activitytype
FROM
cte AS x
LEFT OUTER JOIN cte AS x1 ON x.ResourceID = x1.ResourceID
AND x.Rno = x1.Rno - 1
WHERE
x1.Dt IS NOT NULL
AND x1.Dt <> x.Dt;
Thanks
Mark

Answer 1

You were actually pretty close - rather than doing everything in the initial CTE, you actually want to join back to the original data later. Essentially, you're performing a variant on the answer supplied here.
The following query should get you what you need:
WITH AllDates AS (SELECT a.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY resourceId ORDER BY rangeDate) AS rn
FROM (SELECT resourceId, startDate
FROM Jobs
UNION ALL
SELECT resourceId, endDate
FROM Jobs
UNION ALL
SELECT resourceId, startDate
FROM Downtime
UNION ALL
SELECT resourceId, endDate
FROM DownTime) a(resourceId, rangeDate)),
Range AS (SELECT startRange.resourceId,
startRange.rangeDate AS startDate, endRange.rangeDate AS endDate
FROM AllDates startRange
JOIN AllDates endRange
ON endRange.resourceId = startRange.resourceId
AND endRange.rn = startRange.rn + 1
AND endRange.rangeDate <> startRange.rangeDate)
SELECT Range.resourceId, Range.startDate, Range.endDate,
COALESCE(Downtime.reason, Jobs.jobNo) as activity
FROM Range
LEFT JOIN Jobs
ON Jobs.resourceId = Range.resourceId
AND Jobs.startDate <= Range.startDate
AND Jobs.endDate >= Range.endDate
LEFT JOIN Downtime
ON Downtime.resourceId = Range.resourceId
AND Downtime.startDate <= Range.startDate
AND Downtime.endDate >= Range.endDate
WHERE Jobs.jobNo IS NOT NULL
OR Downtime.reason IS NOT NULL
(And working fiddle. This should actually be ANSI-standard SQL)
...which yields the expected:
RESOURCEID STARTDATE ENDDATE ACTIVITY
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 2014-04-01 08:00:00 2014-04-01 10:00:00 J1
1 2014-04-01 10:00:00 2014-04-01 11:00:00 DOWN
1 2014-04-01 11:00:00 2014-04-01 17:00:00 J1
1 2014-04-01 17:00:00 2014-04-01 21:00:00 J2
1 2014-04-01 21:00:00 2014-04-01 22:00:00 DOWN
1 2014-04-01 22:00:00 2014-04-01 23:00:00 J2
2 2014-04-01 08:00:00 2014-04-01 10:00:00 J3
2 2014-04-01 10:00:00 2014-04-01 11:00:00 DOWN
2 2014-04-01 11:00:00 2014-04-01 21:00:00 J3
2 2014-04-01 21:00:00 2014-04-01 22:00:00 DOWN
2 2014-04-01 22:00:00 2014-04-01 23:00:00 J3
3 2014-04-01 08:00:00 2014-04-01 09:00:00 J4
3 2014-04-01 10:00:00 2014-04-01 11:00:00 DOWN
3 2014-04-01 21:00:00 2014-04-01 22:00:00 DOWN