SSL validation failure connecting to host - ssl

I am trying to upload some cookbooks on the chef-server. I am using my laptop as workstation, using hosted chef at opscode.com as chef-server. Now, when I try to upload cookbooks from my workstation to the chef-server, I get the following error:
ERROR: SSL Validation failure connecting to host: s3-external-1.amazonaws.com - SSL_connect returned=6 errno=0 state=SSLv3 read finished A
ERROR: OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError: SSL_connect returned=6 errno=0 state=SSLv3 read finished A
I am using the cookbooks from rackspace private cloud: http://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/article/installing-openstack-with-rackspace-private-cloud-tools
I am using v4.2.1 of cookbooks. Please help me figure out the problem.
Thanks.

ERROR: SSL Validation failure connecting to host:
s3-external-1.amazonaws.com - SSL_connect returned=6 errno=0
state=SSLv3 read finished A ERROR: OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError: SSL_connect
returned=6 errno=0 state=SSLv3 read finished A
Works for me.
Be sure you have and are trusting Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority. You can get Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority from Symantec's Licensing and Use of Root Certificates. In particular, fetch Root 3 VeriSign Class 3 Primary CA - G5.
Then, test it with OpenSSL's s_client. The root you downloaded and trusted is PCA-3G5.pem, and you supply it to OpenSSL via the -CAfile option:
$ openssl s_client -CAfile PCA-3G5.pem -connect s3-external-1.amazonaws.com:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = Washington, L = Seattle, O = Amazon.com Inc., CN = *.s3-external-1.amazonaws.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=Washington/L=Seattle/O=Amazon.com Inc./CN=*.s3-external-1.amazonaws.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
...
Start Time: 1392896325
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)

If you're merely doing a temporary test, you can disable the SSL verification by adding the 2 following lines in your knife.rb file:
verify_api_cert false
ssl_verify_mode :verify_none
But again, if you're setting up a real server, you should get a real certificate :)

Related

Openssl Certificate Chain

Executed the command:
openssl s_client -connect (redacted):443
and I get the output
depth=1 C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:1
depth=0 CN = *.(redacted)
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:CN = *.(redacted)
i:C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
1 s:C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
i:O = Digital Signature Trust Co., CN = DST Root CA X3
---
What does the error "unable to get local issuer certificate" mean? From the above I can see that the full chain is there, and that the root CA "DST Root CA X3" signed the "R3" cert. So surely that R3 cert does not need to be explicitly trusted? Is this good enough?
Is this cause for concern?
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
The trust chain from the leaf (server certificate) via the intermediate chain certificates (R3) must end in a locally trusted root CA (DST Root CA X3). Obviously this root CA is not locally trusted in the CA store used by your openssl setup (or maybe you have explicitly used -CApath or -CAfile).

TLS 1.2 with CloudFront default domain

I have created a CloudFront distribution to front some publicly accessible content from an S3 origin. This is all fine, but I need to set the minimum supported TLS version to 1.2.
It seems that the only way to do this is to import a custom SSL certificate and set the ViewerCertificate properties, specifically the MinimumProtocolVersion. I can have Certificate Manager issue a public cert but I don't want to have to register a domain. For the purpose of this content, I'm happy with the default cloudfront.net domain.
It seems like specifying the minimum TLS version should be supported by default. Am I missing something here?
Thanks,
John
This might not be supported forever, but it turns out you can import a bogus, self-signed certificate for the default domain. CloudFront will ignore it, but will enforce your TLS policy.
For example, I'm currently testing this on d2uwa7ugi8xf89.cloudfront.net -- configured with security policy TLSv1.2_2019. openssl s_client will show that it's vending the default certificate:
% openssl s_client -servername d2uwa7ugi8xf89.cloudfront.net -tls1_2 -connect d2uwa7ugi8xf89.cloudfront.net:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
depth=2 C = US, O = DigiCert Inc, OU = www.digicert.com, CN = DigiCert Global Root G2
depth=1 C = US, O = DigiCert Inc, CN = DigiCert Global CA G2
depth=0 C = US, ST = Washington, L = Seattle, O = "Amazon.com, Inc.", CN = *.cloudfront.net
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=Washington/L=Seattle/O=Amazon.com, Inc./CN=*.cloudfront.net
i:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/CN=DigiCert Global CA G2
1 s:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/CN=DigiCert Global CA G2
i:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert Global Root G2
2 s:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert Global Root G2
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
---
...
Attempt to connect with TLS 1.0 or TLS 1.1? No go:
% openssl s_client -servername d2uwa7ugi8xf89.cloudfront.net -tls1_1 -connect d2uwa7ugi8xf89.cloudfront.net:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
139725480863648:error:1409442E:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:tlsv1 alert protocol version:s3_pkt.c:1493:SSL alert number 70
139725480863648:error:1409E0E5:SSL routines:ssl3_write_bytes:ssl handshake failure:s3_pkt.c:659:
---
no peer certificate available
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 7 bytes and written 0 bytes
---
New, (NONE), Cipher is (NONE)
...
This certificate was generated in the usual bogus self-signed certificate way:
openssl genrsa 2048 > cf.privkey
openssl req -new -subj /CN=d2uwa7ugi8xf89.cloudfront.net -key cf.privkey -out cf.csr
openssl x509 -in cf.csr -req -signkey cf.privkey -out cf.pem -days 99999

SSL Certificate Chain differs; how to verify?

Short version: I'm seeing an SSL certificate chain that's different based on how I access the https server. What's going on, and how do I verify the certificate under these circumstances?
Slightly longer version:
I'm trying to use libcurl to verify the certificate of an SSL connection. The server I'm connecting to is Amazon S3.
When I access Amazon S3 in Firefox, I get this certificate chain:
VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
Serial Number: 18:DA:D1:9E:26:7D:E8:BB:4A:21:58:CD:CC:6B:3B:4A
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
Serial Number: 6E:CC:7A:A5:A7:03:20:09:B8:CE:BC:F4:E9:52:D4:91
*.s3.amazonaws.com
Serial Number: 43:FB:BA:C2:66:27:E0:97:1E:1C:11:E0:30:C3:6B:66
When I access the same URL via the OpenSSL command line tool, I get this certificate chain:
*.s3.amazonaws.com
Serial number: 43fbbac26627e0971e1c11e030c36b66
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
Serial number: 6ecc7aa5a7032009b8cebcf4e952d491
VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
Serial number: 35973187f3873a07327ece580c9b7eda
The "*.s3.amazonaws.com" and "VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3" certificates appear to be the same, but the one after that is different! It's named "VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5" in both chains, but the certificate serial number is different. (Other information is different as well; let me know if you want a longer dump.)
I believe that this difference is the reason that I can't get libcurl to verify the SSL certificate. The certificate with serial number "18:DA:D1..." is in my CACERT.PEM file, but the certificate with serial number "35:97:31..." is not.
Obviously, the simple fix would be to add certificate "35:97:31..." to my CACERT.PEM file, but I want to make the right change here, not just a quick fix.
What does this difference in certificate chains signify?
Is it even possible for a SSL server to return different certificate chains based on the client (Firefox vs. OpenSSL/libcurl)?
How should I get libcurl to verify this SSL certificate?
Really long version and background information:
I'm using libcurl with OpenSSL to download from Amazon S3. Libcurl is returning "SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate", which I know means that the root certificate isn't listed in my CACERT.PEM file. (I'm using the one downloaded from curl's website, which is converted from Mozilla's certificate store.) I am able to verify certificates on other SSL connections, so I know my libcurl setup is correct.
To see what was going on, and why the certificate didn't verify, I pulled up the same URL in Firefox. Firefox didn't show any SSL certificate warnings. Here's the certification path Firefox shows. The root certificate, "VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5", is listed in my CACERT.PEM file, and the serial number of the certificate matches what's shown in the screenshot.
Here's the serial numbers of all three certificates in the chain:
VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
Serial Number: 18:DA:D1:9E:26:7D:E8:BB:4A:21:58:CD:CC:6B:3B:4A
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
Serial Number: 6E:CC:7A:A5:A7:03:20:09:B8:CE:BC:F4:E9:52:D4:91
*.s3.amazonaws.com
Serial Number: 43:FB:BA:C2:66:27:E0:97:1E:1C:11:E0:30:C3:6B:66
On a different platform (different OS, different version of OpenSSL, etc.), I tried accessing the same URL using the OpenSSL command line tool, and I got a different certification path!
$ openssl s_client -showcerts -connect stackoverflowtest.s3.amazonaws.com:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = Washington, L = Seattle, O = Amazon.com Inc., OU = S3-A, CN = *.s3.amazonaws.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=Washington/L=Seattle/O=Amazon.com Inc./OU=S3-A/CN=*.s3.amazonaws.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFOTCCBCGgAwIBAgIQQ/u6wmYn4JceHBHgMMNrZjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
tTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMR8wHQYDVQQL
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RbV4ir5EI2EPKxIy30YDvpCQ0WQvYLWFV0qQOuOXkMC2M2IsBmVn2/9GQ7eP
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIF7DCCBNSgAwIBAgIQbsx6pacDIAm4zrz06VLUkTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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M4VMDLXC1/5N1oMoTEFlYAALd0hxgv5/21oOIMzS6ke8ZEJhRDR0MIGBJopK90Rd
fjSAqLiD4gnXbSPdie0oCL1jWhFXCMSe2uJoKK/dUDzsgiHYAMJVRFBwQa2DF3m6
CPMr3u00HUSe0gST9MsFFy0JLS1j7/YmC3s=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/C=US/ST=Washington/L=Seattle/O=Amazon.com Inc./OU=S3-A/CN=*.s3.amazonaws.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Server Temp Key: ECDH, prime256v1, 256 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 4624 bytes and written 399 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1.2
Cipher : ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
Session-ID: B642ED1E6FE32F7A374B5A62847DEC63C2F37DCA7A18FD669B8F0FCDC98C49BF
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: EE2D31F43D341A0895B36E0BCCE7557B221F1469AC1B7B0BA22D843C75F25F949822B0D0E22E967A1F373F034E9624E4
Key-Arg : None
Krb5 Principal: None
PSK identity: None
PSK identity hint: None
Start Time: 1430871883
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
closed
When I decode the certificates it lists, I get a different certificate chain than Firefox gave me.
*.s3.amazonaws.com
Serial number: 43fbbac26627e0971e1c11e030c36b66
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
Serial number: 6ecc7aa5a7032009b8cebcf4e952d491
VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
Serial number: 35973187f3873a07327ece580c9b7eda
The cert in use, and its immediate parent cert are the same, but the next one up has the same name, but a different serial number.
Here's my version information:
> curld --version
curl 7.40.0 (i386-pc-win32ce) libcurl/7.40.0 OpenSSL/1.0.1e
Protocols: dict ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps pop3 pop3s rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps tftp
Features: NTLM SSL
> curld --version
curl 7.40.0 (i386-pc-win32) libcurl/7.40.0 OpenSSL/1.0.1c
Protocols: dict ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps pop3 pop3s rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps tftp
Features: AsynchDNS Largefile NTLM SSL
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
$ openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
$ yum list openssl
Installed Packages
openssl.x86_64 1.0.1e-30.el6.8 #updates
Firefox: 37.0.2, running on Windows 7 x64.
I did review this question: SSL Certificate - Certification Path in browser different from Certificate Chain File, but my problem appears to be different: In that case, the certificate chain in the OpenSSL command line tool went 1 - 2 - 3 - 4, and in IE it was 1 - 2 - 3. Because IE considered "3" to be a root certificate, the chain stopped early. In my case, Firefox is reporting 1 - 2 - 3, and OpenSSL is reporting 1 - 2 - 4; The chain is different.
The server sends the same chain certificates to firefox and s_client:
CN=.s3.amazonaws.com SAN=DNS:.s3.amazonaws.com,DNS:s3.amazonaws.com
CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
But the way the certificates will be verified differs depending on the SSL stack and the trusted root certificates of the client. And in case of curl you run into an old OpenSSL validation problem. Details:
Firefox has a trusted root certificate similar to the certificate#3 send by the client. This means that it is a different certificate but it contains the same public key, so that the signature for certificate#2 is still valid. Since Firefox underlying TLS stack (NSS) thus has found a usable trust anchor it will consider the chain as verified and ignore the certificate#3 sent by the server.
But the version of curl you have uses OpenSSL as the TLS library. OpenSSL tries to get the longest match, that it it will try to find a trusted root certificate which signed certificate#3. If it fails it will not try with a shorter trust chain but simply fail. This is a long-standing bug which is the cause of many many strange problems like this and it looks like the issue is for now only fixed in the latest development branch (not released).
The solution is probably to use a CA store for curl which still includes the old deprecated 1024bit CA's so that it contains the trust anchor "/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority"
For even more details about this problem see
more detailed writeup
OpenSSL bug #2732 from 2012
workarounds with patch
newer Bug reports which indicate a bug fix for current development branch (after 1.0.2)

How to verify certificate chain with openssl

I am trying to verify a certificate file with OpenSSL. Can you explain me why s_client connection succeeds, but verify file with the same certificate chain fails? How can I verify the file?
Note I compiled OpenSSL 1.0.1k myself, it shouldn't be using any distro-specific config. And I provided the same CAfile to both commands.
$ openssl s_client -CAfile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt -connect www.google.com:443
WARNING: can't open config file: /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = Equifax, OU = Equifax Secure Certificate Authority
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = GeoTrust Inc., CN = GeoTrust Global CA
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = Google Inc, CN = Google Internet Authority G2
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = California, L = Mountain View, O = Google Inc, CN = www.google.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google Inc/CN=www.google.com
i:/C=US/O=Google Inc/CN=Google Internet Authority G2
1 s:/C=US/O=Google Inc/CN=Google Internet Authority G2
i:/C=US/O=GeoTrust Inc./CN=GeoTrust Global CA
2 s:/C=US/O=GeoTrust Inc./CN=GeoTrust Global CA
i:/C=US/O=Equifax/OU=Equifax Secure Certificate Authority
---
...
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
If I run it with -showcerts argument, it outputs all three certificates sent from server. I concatenated them into file google.pem. But the chain can't be verified. See:
$ openssl verify -CAfile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt google.pem
WARNING: can't open config file: /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
google.pem: C = US, ST = California, L = Mountain View, O = Google Inc, CN = www.google.com
error 20 at 0 depth lookup:unable to get local issuer certificate
Applying a patch suggested on https://stackoverflow.com/a/27606964/1823988 doesn't help.
I found it. openssl verify doesn't expect certificate file to contain its chain. Chain needs to be passed with -untrusted argument. It works with the same file, trust is still determined by finding a trusted root in -CAfile.
openssl verify -CAfile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt -untrusted google.pem google.pem

ASP.NET MVC 5 external authentication with Twitter's new policy

I have been trying this authentication method for the last 3 days without any success, I am totally new to the field MVC and Identity. I required to do an external authentication for my site with Facebook, Microsoft and Twitter, so I am using Identity 2.0 with MVC 5.
Facebook and Microsoft are already done, but I have trouble doing the same for twitter, because they change their authentication policy last December, so now I require an HTTPS site (which is not the problem) with a Twitter SSL certificate (I have problems with this one).
I am using IIS Express to run my website in development mode.
I already created my app on twitter's developer site, I got my API key, API Secret, Access Token and Access Secret.
I already change my Startup.Auth.cs, to uncomment app.UseTwitterAuthentication with my consumerKey (ApiKey) and consumerSecret (ApiSecret). But when I run my site and try to sign-in with Twitter I keep receiving this error: the remote certificate is invalid according to the validation procedure.
See these discussion issues:
https://dev.twitter.com/discussions/24239
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/security/using-ssl
Reading a little bit about this issue, I know require a Twitter SSL certificate, which I got, but cannot figure out how to use it.
Please, I am desperate and I need a solution to this problem, can anyone enlighten me on how to make this work with VS 2013 and IIS Express? I have no idea what to do.
... now I require an HTTPS site (which is not the problem) with a Twitter SSL certificate (I have problems with this one)
According to Twitter is updating its SSL certificates for api.twitter.com, the signing root is changing to VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5.
It appears it has already changed:
$ openssl s_client -connect api.twitter.com:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:0
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Francisco/O=Twitter, Inc./OU=Twitter Security/CN=api.twitter.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
...
Go to Download Verisign Root Certificates and download VeriSign Class 3 Primary CA - G5. It has thumbprint 4e b6 d5 78 49 9b 1c cf 5f 58 1e ad 56 be 3d 9b 67 44 a5 e5.
After downloading the certificate, import it into the Computer's Root Certificate Authority Store. For instuctions, see Manage Trusted Root Certificates on TechNet. Be sure to follow Adding certificates to the Trusted Root Certification Authorities store for a local computer. You want the local computer, and you want Trusted Root Certification Authorities store.
Once you use the downloaded certificate as a trust anchor, the chain will verify. Notice the -CAfile option, and the Verify return code: 0 (ok) at the end:
$ openssl s_client -connect api.twitter.com:443 -CAfile VeriSign-Class\ 3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority-G5.pem
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = California, L = San Francisco, O = "Twitter, Inc.", OU = Twitter Security, CN = api.twitter.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Francisco/O=Twitter, Inc./OU=Twitter Security/CN=api.twitter.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
---
...
Start Time: 1407206791
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)