I have TABLE1, before making changes I made a backup of the table:
SELECT * INTO TABLE1BACKUP FROM TABLE1
I have made changes to the data in the backup of the table, so now I want to copy the backup table data into the main table. How can I get back my original data? I need to truncate my main table and copy all the data from backup table.
You can only SELECT INTO a new table. In your case, you need:
TRUNCATE TABLE dbo.Table1;
INSERT dbo.Table1 SELECT * FROM dbo.Table1Backup;
Or other options (e.g. the above won't work if there are foreign keys):
DELETE dbo.Table1;
INSERT dbo.Table1 SELECT * FROM dbo.Table1Backup;
If there are foreign keys and child rows that point to this table, you'll need to drop or disable those constraints first too.
If there are no constraints etc. that you need to worry about, an even less intrusive way to do this is:
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
EXEC sp_rename 'dbo.Table1', N'Table1Old', OBJECT;
EXEC sp_rename 'dbo.Table1Backup', N'Table1', OBJECT;
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
DROP TABLE dbo.Table1Old;
Related
I have a table called myTable where continuous insertion is happening. I will rename that table by myTable_Date and create a new table, myTable through a Store Procedure.
I want to know what will happen during re-naming and re-creating the table, will it drop any packet?
SQL Server has sp_rename built in if you just want to change the name of a table.
sp_rename myTable, myTable_Date
Would change the name from myTable to myTable_Date
But it only changes the name reference in sys.Objects so make sure any references are altered and read the documentation about it :)
The Microsoft doc for it is HERE
When you rename the myTable to myTableDate, myTable won't exist anymore so if someone tries to insert something inside myTable it will fail.
When you create new myTable with the same name and columns everything will be fine and the insertion process will continue.
I suggest you to make a little script renaming the table and creating new one. Something like this:
sp_rename myTable, myTable_Date
GO
CREATE TABLE myTable(
-- Table definition
)
When you rename the table you will get warning like this: "Caution: Changing any part of an object name could break scripts and stored procedures." so you better create the new table fast.
Other option is you create a table exact like myTable and insert all data from myTable there and then can delete them from myTable. No renaming, no dropping and insertion process will not be interrupted.
I want to know what will happen during re-naming and re-creating the
table, will it drop any packet?
Inserts attempted after the table is renamed will err until the table is recreated. You can avoid that by executing the tasks in a transaction. Short term blocking will happen if an insert is attempted before the transaction is committed but no rows will be lost. For example:
CREATE PROC dbo.ReanmeMytableWithDate
AS
DECLARE #NewName sysname = 'mytable_' + CONVERT(nchar(8), SYSDATETIME(), 112);
SET XACT_ABORT ON;
BEGIN TRY;
BEGIN TRAN;
EXEC sp_rename N'dbo.mytable', #NewName;
CREATE TABLE dbo.mytable(
col1 int
);
COMMIT;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
THROW;
END CATCH;
GO
I don't know your use case for renaming tables like this but it seems table partitioning might be a better approach as #Damien_The_Unbeliever suggested. Although table partitioning previously required Enterprise Edition, the feature is available in Standard Edition beginning with SQL Server 2016 SP1 as well as Azure SQL Database.
During the ETL we do the following operations:
begin transaction;
drop table if exists target_tmp;
create table target_tmp like target;
insert into target_tmp select * from source_a inner join source_b on ...;
analyze table target_tmp;
drop table target;
alter table target_tmp rename to target;
commit;
The SQL command is performed by AWS Data Pipeline, if this is important.
However, the pipelines sometimes fail with the following error:
ERROR: table 111566 dropped by concurrent transaction
Redshift supports serializable isolation. Does one of the commands break isolation?
Yes that works, but if generating the temp table takes a while you can expect to see that error for other queries while it runs. You could try generating the temp table in a separate transaction (transaction may not be needed unless you worry about updates to the source tables). Then do a quick rotation of the table names so there is much less time for contention:
-- generate target_tmp first then
begin;
alter table target rename to target_old;
alter table target_tmp rename to target;
commit;
drop table target_old;
I would like to change increment value of IDENTITY column in database and I have below restrictions:
Can't drop the column.
Having around 20k rows.
Dropping table and recreate table with changed increment value would be the solution. I don't know the syntax.
Can you please suggest the syntax or other best possible solution?
Thanks in Advance!
If i understand you correctly base on your response to my comment, you backed up the data of the orig table in temp table, then you deleted the orig table and you want to recreate an orig table.
If that is the case , you need the IDENTITY_INSERT to set ON and OFF, because the identity of the table is unique.
The syntax is:
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [TableName] ON -- set to on
-- Put your insert statement here
-- insert the data from backed up temp table to your new table
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [TableName] OFF -- set to off
If you can accept recreating table, there is no magic about the recreating table syntax.
CREATE TABLE temp_Table
(
-- Identity column with new settings
-- other columns
);
INSERT INTO temp_Table
SELECT -- Columns except identity column
FROM old_table;
DROP TABLE old_Table;
EXEC sp_rename 'temp_Table', 'old_Table';
However, you have to handle foreign key by yourself.
Altering identity column after table creation is not possible.
Instead, reset SEED value using the below command.
DBCC CHECKIDENT('tablename', RESEED, 15)
I have a table in a SQL db that I want to remove the data from? I want to keep the columns though.
e.g. my table has 3 columns, Name, Age, Date. I don't want to remove these, i just want to remove the data.
Should I should Truncate, Delete or Drop?
Don't drop - it will delete the data and the definition.
If you delete - the data is gone and auto-increment values go on from the last value.
If you truncate - then it is like you just did create the table. No data and all counters resetted
Truncate is very fast - like quick format of the table. It does not require any extra space when deleting. You can not rollback his operation. You can not specify conditions. This is best choice for deleting all data from table.
Delete is much slower and you need extra space for this operation, because you must be able to rollback the data. If you need to delete all data, use truncate. If you need to specify conditions, use delete.
Drop table - you can delete data from table by dropping and creating it again like you would truncate it, but it is slower and you can have some other problems, like foreign key dependencies. I definitely don't recommend this operation.
delete from TableName should do the trick
DROPing the table will remove the colums too.
Delete: The DELETE Statement is used to delete rows from a table.
Truncate: The SQL TRUNCATE command is used to delete all the rows from the table and free the space containing the table.
*Drop:* The SQL DROP command is used to remove an object from the database. If you drop a table, all the rows in the table is deleted and the table structure is removed from the database
Truncate the table. That would be good option in your case
We can rollback the data in conditions of Delete, Truncate & Drop.
But must be used Begin Transaction before executing query Delete, Drop & Truncate.
Here is example :
Create Database Ankit
Create Table Tbl_Ankit(Name varchar(11))
insert into tbl_ankit(name) values('ankit');
insert into tbl_ankit(name) values('ankur');
insert into tbl_ankit(name) values('arti');
Select * From Tbl_Ankit
/*======================For Delete==================*/
Begin Transaction
Delete From Tbl_Ankit where Name='ankit'
Rollback
Select * From Tbl_Ankit
/*======================For Truncate==================*/
Begin Transaction
Truncate Table Tbl_Ankit
Rollback
Select * From Tbl_Ankit
/*======================For Drop==================*/
Begin Transaction
Drop Table Tbl_Ankit
Rollback
Select * From Tbl_Ankit
In our database there is a table which is created with ANSI_NULLS OFF. Now we have created a view using this table. And we want to add a clustered index for this view.
While creating the clustered index it is showing an error like can't create an index since the ANSI_NULL is off for this particular table.
This table contains a large amount of data. So I want to change this option to ON without losing any data.
Is there any way to alter the table to modify this option . Please give your suggestions.
This was cross posted on Database Administrators so I might as well post my answer from there here too to help future searchers.
It can be done as a metadata only change (i.e. without migrating all the data to a new table) using ALTER TABLE ... SWITCH.
Example code below
/*Create table with option off*/
SET ANSI_NULLS OFF;
CREATE TABLE dbo.YourTable (X INT)
/*Add some data*/
INSERT INTO dbo.YourTable VALUES (1),(2),(3)
/*Confirm the bit is set to 0*/
SELECT uses_ansi_nulls, *
FROM sys.tables
WHERE object_id = object_id('dbo.YourTable')
GO
BEGIN TRY
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
/*Create new table with identical structure but option on*/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON;
CREATE TABLE dbo.YourTableNew (X INT)
/*Metadata only switch*/
ALTER TABLE dbo.YourTable SWITCH TO dbo.YourTableNew;
DROP TABLE dbo.YourTable;
EXECUTE sp_rename N'dbo.YourTableNew', N'YourTable','OBJECT';
/*Confirm the bit is set to 1*/
SELECT uses_ansi_nulls, *
FROM sys.tables
WHERE object_id = object_id('dbo.YourTable')
/*Data still there!*/
SELECT *
FROM dbo.YourTable
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
IF XACT_STATE() <> 0
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE();
END CATCH;
WARNING: when your table contains an IDENTITY column you need to reseed the IDENTITY value.
The SWITCH TO will reset the seed of the identity column and if you do not have a UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY constraint on the identity (e.g. when using CLUSTERED COLUMNSTORE index in SQL 2014) you won't notice it right away.
You need to use DBCC CHECKIDENT ('dbo.YourTable', RESEED, [reseed value]) to correctly set the seed value again.
Unfortunately, there is no way how to do it without recreating. You need to create new table with ANSI_NULLS ON and copy there all data.
It should be something like:
SET ANSI_NULLS ON;
CREATE TABLE new_MyTBL (
....
)
-- stop all processes changing your data at this point
SET IDENTITY_INSERT new_MyTBL ON
INSERT new_MyTBL (...) -- including IDENTITY field
SELECT ... -- including IDENTITY field
FROM MyTBL
SET IDENTITY_INSERT new_MyTBL OFF
-- alter/drop WITH SCHEMABINDING objects at this point
EXEC sp_rename #objname = 'MyTBL', #newname = 'old_MyTBL'
EXEC sp_rename #objname = 'new_MyTBL', #newname = 'MyTBL'
-- alter/create WITH SCHEMABINDING objects at this point
-- re-enable your processes
DROP TABLE old_MyTBL -- do that when you are sure that system works OK
If there are any depending objects, they will work with new table as soon as you rename it. But if some of them are WITH SCHEMABINDING you need to DROP and CREATE them manualy.
I tried the SWITCH option recommended above but was unable to RESEED the identity. I could not find out why.
I used the following alternative approach instead:
Create database snapshot for the database that contains the table
Script table definition of the table you intend to update
Delete the table that you intend to update (Make sure the database snapshot is successfully created)
Update SET ANSI NULLs from OFF to ON from the script obtained from step 2 and run updated script. Table is now recreated.
Populate data from database snapshot to your table:
SET IDENTITY_INSERT TABLE_NAME ON
INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME (PK, col1, etc.)
SELECT PK, col1, etc.
FROM [Database_Snapshot].dbo.TABLE_NAME
SET IDENTITY_INSERT TABLE_NAME OFF
Migrate non clustered index manually (get script from database snapshot)
Using the above:
I did not have to worry about constraints and keys since table/constraint names always remain the same (I do not need to rename anything)
I have a backup of my data (the snapshot) which I can rely on to double check that nothing is missing.
I do not need to reseed the identity
I realize deleting table may not always be straightforward if table is referenced in other tables. That was not the case for me in this instance.. I was lucky.