What is simplest way to add domain name to a Debian server? - apache

I have the latest brand new Debian server. The website should host only 1 single domain name.
DNS are resolved by the registrar and A points to my dedicated server. Site is present in /var/www/.
What is the simplest way (step by step) to configure Apache to add this domain name?

It should be very straighforward:
Install Apache (sudo aptitude install apache2)
The default configuration points to /var/www so...
Start Apache (sudo service apache2 restart)
Enjoy your website
You can add your domain name into /etc/hosts
Take some steps to secure your dedicated server (iptables, fail2ban, ...)
You could also use the automatic wizard with sudo dpkg-reconfigure apache2.
I think this should be enough if you DNS is already pointing at your IP.
If you really need to change the configuration file, it's in etc/apache2/sites-available/default and contains the following (by default):
NameVirtualHost *
<VirtualHost *>
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost # <= Email of webadmin (shown on error pages)
DocumentRoot /var/www/ # <= Root of your web server with public access
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None # <= Disable usage of .htaccess files
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
# This directive allows us to have apache2's default start page
# in /apache2-default/, but still have / go to the right place
#RedirectMatch ^/$ /apache2-default/
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
ServerSignature On
Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
As for the hosts file, you can add the following:
# Host Database
#
# localhost is used to configure the loopback interface
# when the system is booting. Do not change this entry.
##
127.0.0.1 localhost
#Virtual Hosts
12.34.56.789 example.com #<= change here :)
Then, don't forget to secure your web server with appropriate tools (iptables, fail2ban, ...)

Related

Apache 2 Forbidden 403 Error despite "Require all granted"

I am getting the apparently infamous apache 2 forbidden error #403, and I tried following the guides on the subject, but none seem to be working.
I am using Ubuntu Server and Apache 2.4.41
My website structure looks like /var/www/html/index.html
My apache2.conf [/etc/apache2/apache2.conf]:
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all denied
</Directory>
<Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/html>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Require all granted
</Directory>
My vhosts.conf [/etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf]:
<VirtualHost *:80>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
<Directory /var/www/html>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
Require all granted
</Directory>
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>
From an Apache standpoint, your configuration seems ok.
Please verify the permissions on your /var/www/html directory. The user that runs Apache should have at least read and traversal (x) permission.
I gave the user running Apache2 permissions to the /var/www/html folder, and was then able to access the website.
Here is a URL with several permissions, I don't know specifically which one was responsible, but I believe it was sudo chmod g+w /var/www/html
https://askubuntu.com/questions/767504/permissions-problems-with-var-www-html-and-my-own-home-directory-for-a-website

wamp server doesn't go online

I worked with Wamp Server for my work . today I manipulate httpd.config for connect directly to the directory. since I removed this line , wamp server doesn't go online , after I change to previous state and restart wamp , it's still offline. I use Windows 7 and Apache version 2.4.7
<Directory C:\wamp\www\Zend\workspaces\test\public>
DirectoryIndex index.php
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
could you try that ?
DocumentRoot "C:/wamp/www/Zend/workspaces"
ServerName local-portail.com
DirectoryIndex index.php
#AllowOverride All
#Allow from all
#Require all granted
or this
DocumentRoot "C:/wamp/www/Zend/workspaces"
ServerName local-portail.com
DirectoryIndex index.php
#AllowOverride All
#Allow from all
#Require all granted
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php
</IfModule>
Is this the section of httpd.conf that you changed?
<Directory "c:/wamp/www">
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride All
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
# onlineoffline tag - don't remove
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
Allow from ::1
Allow from localhost
</Directory>
If you want to make another directory the Directory root then a better way is to create a Virtual Host, or many virtual hosts, one for each project.
See this post for how to do that. Ignore the title, it is a post that describes how to setup Virtual Hosts. Project Links do not work on Wamp Server

Apache : client denied by server configuration for some local ressources

i have some troubles to install local website for development.
I have an "client denied by server configuration"' error for some local ressources like .png or .js
My website have following treepath :
website/files
website/app/local
website/app/share
My mainpage is in app/local and can access to files /files but i have 403 error for files in app/share.
I put "chmod -R 777 www-data" on full website directory so what's wrong ?
[SOLVING]I have another little problem : i can't access to my website with localhost/website but only with localhost/
I have reading some tutos and think my following configuration is right (my apache is 2.2) :
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName julien.quai13.com
DocumentRoot /home/julien-quai13/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin julien#andcotransport.com
ServerName julien.quai13.com/andcotransport
DocumentRoot /home/julien-quai13/www/andcotransport
#<Directory />
# Options FollowSymLinks
# AllowOverride All
#</Directory>
<Directory /home/julien-quai13/www/andcotransport>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride All
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
And this my /etc/hosts :
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.1 julien.quai13.com
127.0.1.1 julien-quai13
192.126.0.34 julien.quai13.com
Not very important but annoying, i always have problems when i switch of Wamp to Linux.
Thanks for helping (promise i stay on Linux this time ;)
Well, when using vhosts, if apache doesn't match the URL with any server name, it will serve the first one it comes to, if this is the first one, then localhost will map straight to /home/julien-quai13/www/andcotransport
You should set up a virtualhost for default with DocumentRoot /home/julien-quai13/www and add a Directory directive for this directory, then localhost/andcotransport will work.
Not sure if this is what you meant to write: chmod -R 777 www-data but this is wrong, commands should be chmod -R 755 /home/julien-quai13/www/andcotransport and chown -R julien-quai13:www-data /home/julien-quai13/www/andcotransport
But permissions wouldn't give you a client denied by server configuration error, this is down to allow being set incorrectly.
Also you have defined julien.quai13.com twice in your hosts file.. one points to 127.0.0.1 and another points to 192.126.0.34.. this may be another problem..
Otherwise i'd consider restructuring your vhosts.
Judging by your vhost:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName julien.quai13.com
DocumentRoot /home/julien-quai13/www
<Directory /home/julien-quai13/www>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride All
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
You don't actually need the second vhost unless its under a different domaing, like andcotransport.julien.quai13.com so, just use the default domain and pass everything to /andcotransport, if thats how you want to do it...
but make sure all your resources are going to /andcotransport/files and /andcotransport/app/share then this should work, unless you have an overriding ACL somewhere which is blocking directories.

mod_rewrite wasn't working so while fixing it getting 403 forbidden

On ubuntu 13.10 I am using apache 2.4.x . I was having problem with mod_rewrite. I enabled that module and and restarted the server but .htaccess file wasn't still working so I after some search, I read an answer from stackoverflow pointing towards: http://smarttips.in/htaccess-redirect-not-working-apache/
I was missing point 2 in the above link. So I put that code in my 000-default.conf file.
DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
As I am using apache2.4+ so as told here: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/upgrading.html
Order allow, deny
Allow from all
to
Require all granted
Here is code in my 000-default.conf file:
<VirtualHost *:80>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>
But after entering that code from that link, now server is giving 403 forbidden, saying:
You don't have permission to access /mysite/ on this server.
Apache/2.4.6 (Ubuntu) Server at localhost Port 80
So not sure if that mod_rewrite problem is solved or not but also getting now permissions error.
Let me know if I need to put .htaccess code here too.
So any idea what am I doing wrong ?
I simply removed:
DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
and put this instead:
DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory /var/www>
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
And now that permission error is gone and mod_rewrite is working as expected.
Adding this to <Directory /var/www/html>
Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
helped me.

More than one virtual host in Apache2 Ubuntu

I have tried to configure a new virtual host in apache. I have copied the default. Updated the paths. The conf looks like this
<VirtualHost *:8081>
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /home/ubuntu/video
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /home/ubuntu/video>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog /home/ubuntu/video/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog /home/ubuntu/video/access.log combined
Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
I ran the command
sudo a2ensite video
which gave messaage that virtual host successfully added and will run upon reload. But i am not able to access the same. I have checked the path /home/ubuntu/video where error.log, access.log files are also created. I am not able to find the solution as well as problem. I searched in the internet if anyone have same problem.
The following blog post: Adding virtual hosts to Ubuntu Apache, says in its update the we cannot create more than one virtual host. I have already a virtual host installed. Does this mean 2nd virtual host cannot be configured in Ubuntu for apache?
Read these instructions.
If you try using <VirtualHost name:port> without the NameVirtualHost name:port or you try to use the Listen directive, your configuration will not work.
So make sure you have these directives outside the <VirtualHost> tag:
Listen 8081
NameVirtualHost *:8081
You can also add:
ServerName www.example.com
to your VirtualHost section.