Select all from primary table, join to others - sql

Question

I am hoping somebody can help me. If I do a standard Inner Join or right join, i get very few results. Would also be great to also know why what I am trying wont work.
I have a primary Table of members. MemberID is common to all tables
Select * from apf_members
MemberID--|--AppsTitle--|--AppsFirstName--|--AppsLastName--
2015 Mrs Naomi Specter
2016 Mr Marisa Watson
2025 Mr Elia Barker
2031 Dr Heth Rowing
2044 Ms Kathryn McKenzie
I also want to attached 3 extra columns that are dynamically built.
--CurrentMember--|--UnrenewedMember--|--LapsedMember--
The queries below will currently return the value only ~IF~ the user has a record. where I need it to return a NULL or an empty string.
#theDate is a variable, ill assign it to Getdate for now.
Declare #theDate date
SET #theDate = GetDate()
Select Description as 'CurrentMember' from apf_finances
where #theDate between StartDate and EndDate
and Status = 'Financial Status'
Select Description as 'UnrenewedMember'
from apf_finances
where #theDate between DATEADD(year, -1, StartDate) and DATEADD(year, -1, EndDate)
and Status = 'Financial Status'
Select Description as 'LapsedMember'
from apf_finances
where #theDate between DATEADD(year, -2, StartDate) and DATEADD(year, -2, EndDate)
and Status = 'Financial Status'
Put together,final result would look like this.
MemberID--|--AppsTitle--|--AppsFirstName--|--AppsLastName--|--CurrentMember--|--UnrenewedMember--|--LapsedMember--
2015 Mrs Naomi Specter f nf nf
2016 Mr Marisa Watson uf NULL nf
2025 Mr Elia Barker NULL NULL NULL
2031 Dr Heth Rowing co exp f
2044 Ms Kathryn McKenzie NULL f NULL
*UPDATE 22/10/2013 *
here is a SQL script that should re-create the tables
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[apf_Members](
[MemberID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[AppsTitle] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[AppsFirstName] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[AppsMiddleName] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[AppsLastName] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
)
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[apf_Finances](
[ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[MemberID] [int] NOT NULL,
[Description] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[StartDate] [date] NULL,
[EndDate] [date] NULL,
[Status] [nvarchar](50) NULL
)
GO
SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.[apf_Members] ON
GO
SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.[apf_Finances] ON
GO
INSERT INTO [dbo].[apf_Members]
([MemberID],[AppsTitle],[AppsFirstName],[AppsLastName])
VALUES (2015,'Mrs','Naomi', 'Specter' ),
(2016 , 'Mr' ,'Marisa','Watson' ),
(2025 , 'Mr' ,'Elia','Barker'),
(2031 , 'Dr','Heth','Rowing'),
(2044 , 'Ms','Kathryn','McKenzie');
INSERT INTO [apf_Finances]
([ID], [MemberID], [Description], [StartDate], [EndDate], [Status] )
VALUES
(12381, 2016, 'f' ,'2013-10-15','2014-10-14','Financial Status'),
(12382, 2016, '' ,'2013-10-15','2014-10-14','Donation'),
(12361, 2025, 'f' ,'2013-10-12','2014-10-11','Financial Status'),
(12362, 2025, '' ,'2013-10-12','2014-10-11','Donation'),
(12357, 2031, 'f' ,'2013-10-11','2014-10-10','Financial Status'),
(12358, 2031, '' ,'2013-10-11','2014-10-10','Donation'),
(12379, 2044, 'f' ,'2012-10-21','2013-10-20','Financial Status'),
(12380, 2044, '' ,'2012-10-21','2013-10-20','Donation'),
(12377, 2016, 'f' ,'2012-10-17','2013-10-16','Financial Status'),
(12378, 2016, '' ,'2012-10-17','2013-10-16','Donation'),
(12373, 2025, 'f' ,'2012-10-16','2013-10-15','Financial Status'),
(12374, 2031, '' ,'2011-10-16','2013-10-15','Donation'),
(12375, 2031, 'f' ,'2011-10-16','2013-10-15','Financial Status'),
(12376, 2044, '' ,'2011-10-16','2013-10-15','Donation'),
(12371, 2044, 'f' ,'2011-10-15','2013-10-14','Financial Status');

Answer 1

Here is a Northwind example.
You can "filter" by using derived tables.
And then left join on the derived table(s).
You can write yours, and you'll have 3 derived tables.
derivedCurrentMember
derivedUnrenewedMember
derivedLapsedMember
Put your filtering/logic in each derived table. Then left join on each one.
Here is a generic Northwind example.
My "filtering logic" is whether a discount existed or not. (innerOd1.Discount <=0 and innerOd1.Discount > 0). You may not need the group-by.
Use Northwind
GO
Select ords.OrderID
, ISNULL ( derived1.MyCount , 0) as NoDiscountCount
, ISNULL ( derived2.MyCount , 0) as HasDiscountCount
from dbo.Orders ords
left join
( select innerOd1.OrderID , count (*) as MyCount from dbo.[Order Details] innerOd1 where innerOd1.Discount <=0 group by innerOd1.OrderID) derived1
on ords.OrderID = derived1.OrderID
left join
( select innerOd2.OrderID , count (*) as MyCount from dbo.[Order Details] innerOd2 where innerOd2.Discount > 0 group by innerOd2.OrderID) derived2
on ords.OrderID = derived2.OrderID
order by ords.OrderID
::: APPEND :::
Here is the first one.
You can fill in the rest.
declare #theDate datetime
select #theDate = getdate()
select membs.* , currentMemberDerived.[CurrentMember] from
[dbo].[apf_Members] membs
left join
(
Select MemberID , [Description] as 'CurrentMember' from apf_finances
where #theDate between StartDate and EndDate
and Status = 'Financial Status'
) currentMemberDerived
on membs.MemberID = currentMemberDerived.MemberID