Continuous Different Errors [closed] - sql

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I have edited the SQL to use DISTINCT however I am still getting the same data as when I use GROUP BY. Any suggestions?
When I use GROUP BY it requires that all the fields in the select clause are included, can anyone tell me why that is?
Any help is greatly appreciated.
SELECT DISTINCT
TrnClaim.ClientID
, TrnClaim.FileNo
, TrnLegend.RecordNo
, RTRIM(dbo.TrnClient.ClientName + ' ' + ISNULL(dbo.TrnClient.Initials,'') + ' ' + (CASE WHEN dbo.TrnClient.LanguageCode = 'A' THEN ISNULL(dbo.TrnClient.Title, 'Mr') ELSE ISNULL(dbo.TrnClient.Title,'')END)) AS NameInitials
, TrnClient.IDNumber
, ISNULL(dbo.MstInsurer.InsurerName, 'Unknown') AS InsurerName
, CAST(dbo.TrnPolicy.AgentID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' ' + ISNULL(CAST(dbo.MstAgent.AgentName AS VARCHAR(50)),'Unknown') AS AgentIDName
, CAST(dbo.TrnPolicy.TeamID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' ' + ISNULL(dbo.VieTeamSelect.TeamName, 'Unknown') AS TeamIDName
, CAST(dbo.TrnPolicy.LinkID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' ' + ISNULL(dbo.MstLink.LinkName, 'Unknown') AS LinkIDName
, CAST(dbo.TrnPolicy.SubagentID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' ' + ISNULL(dbo.MstSubagent.SubagentName, 'Unknown') AS SubagentIDName
, CAST(dbo.TrnPolicy.MarketerID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' ' + ISNULL(dbo.MstMarketerCodes.MarketerName, 'Unknown') AS MarketerIDName
, dbo.TrnRisk.RiskID
, dbo.TrnRisk.Registration
, dbo.TrnRisk.VehID
, dbo.TrnRisk.VinNo
, dbo.TrnRisk.VehMake
, dbo.TrnRisk.VehMake
, dbo.TrnRisk.VehModel
, dbo.TrnRisk.VehModel
, dbo.TrnExt.ExtStartDate
, dbo.TrnExt.ExtEndDate
, dbo.MstRateCodes.RateCodeID
, dbo.TrnExt.ExtDesc
, dbo.TrnPolicy.Status AS PolicyStatus
, dbo.TrnPolicy.PayMeth
, dbo.TrnPolicy.PolicyPeriod
, 1 AS [Count]
, dbo.TrnPolicy.TotalPrem AS LastMonthPremium
--, LastPolicy.TotalDue AS LastMonthTotalDue
, dbo.TrnPolicy.TeamID
, dbo.TrnPolicy.AgentID
, dbo.TrnPolicy.LinkID
, ISNULL(dbo.TrnPolicy.LeadInsurerID,MstInsurer.InsurerID) AS InsurerIDForFilter
, dbo.TrnLegend.LegendDescr
, dbo.TrnLegend.ActiveDate
FROM dbo.TrnClaim
INNER JOIN dbo.TrnPolicy ON
TrnClaim.ClientID = dbo.TrnPolicy.ClientID
AND
TrnClaim.FileNo = dbo.TrnPolicy.FileNo
INNER JOIN dbo.TrnClient ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.ClientID = dbo.TrnClient.ClientID
INNER JOIN dbo.TrnRisk ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.ClientID = dbo.TrnRisk.ClientID
AND
dbo.TrnPolicy.FileNo = dbo.TrnRisk.FileNo
INNER JOIN dbo.TrnExt ON
dbo.TrnRisk.ClientID = dbo.TrnExt.ClientID
AND
dbo.TrnRisk.FileNo = dbo.TrnExt.FileNo
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstRateCodes ON
dbo.MstRateCodes.RateCodeID = dbo.TrnExt.ExtCode
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstInsurer MstInsurerLead ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.LeadInsurerID = MstInsurerLead.InsurerID
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.TrnPolicy LastPolicy ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.ClientID = LastPolicy.ClientID
AND
dbo.TrnPolicy.FileNo = LastPolicy.FileNo
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstAgent ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.AgentID = dbo.MstAgent.AgentID
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstSubagent ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.SubagentID = dbo.MstSubagent.SubagentID
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstMarketerCodes ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.MarketerID = dbo.MstMarketerCodes.MarketerID
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.VieTeamSelect ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.TeamID = dbo.VieTeamSelect.TeamID
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstLink ON
dbo.TrnPolicy.LinkID = dbo.MstLink.LinkID
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.MstInsurer ON
dbo.MstInsurer.InsurerID= dbo.TrnClaim.InsurerID
INNER JOIN dbo.TrnLegend On
dbo.TrnLegend.ClientID = dbo.TrnClaim.ClientID
AND
dbo.TrnLegend.FileNo = dbo.TrnClaim.FileNo
WHERE
Upper(dbo.TrnLegend.LegendDescr) LIKE '%CANCELLED%'
Order By
dbo.TrnClaim.ClientID
, dbo.TrnClaim.FileNo
, dbo.TrnLegendRecordNo

Answer 1

When using Group By you specify list of attributes. A query that contains a GROUP BY clause generates one row per group based on each unique combination of values of the attributes that belong to the grouping set.
Consequently, when GROUP BY is specified in a query, all subsequent steps (HAVING, SELECT, and so on) can specify only expressions that have a scalar (singular) value per group. These expressions can include columns or expressions from the GROUP BY list like TrnClaim.ClientID —or aggregate functions, such as COUNT(TrnClaim.ClientID).
As I can see you have not included any aggregate function in your query above that's why when you write say Group By (TrnClaim.ClientID) or any other column then no group is created or to rephrase each row becomes a unique group and so it requires that all the fields in the select clause are included.
That's the reason why you are getting same data with Distinct and GROUP BY becuase no group has been created.