I'm looking for a way to determine if a timestamp falls between two times, regardless of the date in that timestamp. So for example, if the time in the timestamp falls between '00:00:00.000' (midnight) and '01:00:00.000' (1 A.M.), I'd want to select that row regardless of the particular date.
I've tried lots of different variations on the to_char and to_date functions, but I keep getting errors. Coming from Informix, Oracle seems much more complicated.
The thing closest to "correct" (I think) that I've tried is:
SELECT *
FROM my_table
WHERE SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(my_timestamp), 10) > '00:00:00.000'
AND SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(my_timestamp), 10) < '01:00:00.000'
... But nothing works. Any tips or tricks?
I found a way to do it, but I'd still prefer something a little less hacky, if it exists.
SUBSTR(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(my_timestamp), 11), 0, 12) > '01.00.00.000'
Your solution looks correct to me except I haven't tried substr function. This is what I used in one of my previous project:
select * from orders
where to_char(my_timestamp,'hh24:mi:ss.FF3')
between '00:00:00.000' and '01:00:00.123';
Use TRUNC(my_timestamp, 'J') to remove the hours and get only the '2013-08-15 00:00:00.00'.
So:
WHERE my_timestamp - TRUNC(my_timestamp, 'J') > 0
AND my_timestamp - TRUNC(my_timestamp, 'J') < 1/24 ;
As a variation on #kubanczyk's answer, since these are timestamps you get an interval when you subtract a value from its truncated form:
select systimestamp - trunc(systimestamp) from dual;
SYSTIMESTAMP-TRUNC(SYSTIMESTAMP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+000000000 09:46:46.589795
Which isn't very helpful. But if you're always looking for exact hours, as in your example, you can extract the hour number from that:
select extract (hour from systimestamp - trunc(systimestamp)) from dual;
EXTRACT(HOURFROMSYSTIMESTAMP-TRUNC(SYSTIMESTAMP))
-------------------------------------------------
9
So in your example you could use:
SELECT *
FROM my_table
WHERE EXTRACT(HOUR FROM my_timestamp - TRUNC(my_timestamp)) = 0
SQL Fiddle demo.
But, this will only be straightforward if the timeslots are exactly aligned with hours; otherwise you'd need to extract other elements too and the logic could get confusing, and #Ankit's approach will be simpler overall.
Related
Please help in finding the difference between 2 timestamps in SQL
I tried using
Select (cast(sysdate as timestamp) - cast(sysdate-2 as timestamp)) diff from dual;
I got 'ORA-00911:invalid character' error
If you want something that looks a bit simpler, try this for finding events in a table which occurred in the past 1 minute:
With this entry you can fiddle with the decimal values till you get the minute value that you want. The value .0007 happens to be 1 minute as far as the sysdate significant digits are concerned. You can use multiples of that to get any other value that you want:
select (sysdate - (sysdate - .0007)) * 1440 from dual;
Result is 1 (minute)
Then it is a simple matter to check for
select * from my_table where (sysdate - transdate) < .00071;
You are not finding the difference between two timestamps; you are finding the difference between two dates and casting them to timestamps in the process. This is unnecessary and you can just leave them as date values and explicitly cast the difference to an INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type (which would be the output if you used timestamps):
SELECT (SYSDATE - (SYSDATE - 2)) DAY TO SECOND AS diff
FROM DUAL;
Which outputs the interval:
DIFF
+02 00:00:00.000000
However, your code works db<>fiddle.
You will probably find that the error:
ORA-00911:invalid character
Is nothing to do with your query and is related to the ; statement terminator at the end. If you are running your query through a 3rd-party application (i.e. C#, Java, Python, etc.) then they will pass single statements to the database to execute and, in this case, having the statement terminator is invalid syntax (as there will only be one SQL statement) and you just need to remove it.
I have a table that I need to filter based on date. For my problem, I have to filter the record which are relevant only for the current date without the time portion of the date.
For that I have used the following approach. Query seems to be working fine but I would like to know whether there are any pitfalls in this approach.Part of the WHERE clause related to the query is as follows.
AND TO_CHAR(EOD_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD') IN TO_CHAR(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD')
EOD_DATE is the field in the table I take into consideration.I want records that EOD_DATE value is in the current date regardless of the time portion of EOD_DATE.
Thanks in advance :)
DATE datatype is up to a second precise. Therefore:
SQL> select trunc(sysdate) d_from, trunc(sysdate + 1) - 1/(24*60*60) d_to from dual;
D_FROM D_TO
------------------- -------------------
21.06.2018 00:00:00 21.06.2018 23:59:59
says that - if you want to be able to use index on the EOD_DATE column - you should consider
where eod_date between trunc(sysdate)
and trunc(sysdate + 1) - 1/(24*60*60)
Your solution works, but you are using a double conversion to compare strings instead of comparing dates. Besides, you don't need IN but an =
This could be a better, more readable way:
... and trunc(sysdate) = trunc(EOD_DATE)
Simply use TRUNC to remove the time component (or rather set it to 00:00:00) and then compare the dates:
WHERE TRUNC(EOD_DATE) = TRUNC(SYSDATE)
I want to be able to do something like
SELECT cast(my_date_col AS int) FROM my_table;
I would like to get the integer which MonetDB uses internally, i.e. the value you'd find if you looked into the BAT structure and got the appropriate element in code in MonetDB's GDK. Now, AFAICT, this internal value is the number of days since the Epoch, being Jan 1st on "Year 0" (so January 3rdt year 2 would be 366+365+2 = 732).
The best I could actually manage is
SELECT my_date_col AS int - cast('1-1-1' AS date) - 366 FROM my_table;
As MonetDB won't accept "Year zero" dates. This is rather an ugly hack, I'd like to do better. Help me?
If you're trying to get the number of days between "my_date_col" and 1970-01-01, in standard SQL you'd just subtract the one from the other. Your platform, monetdb, seems to support this syntax, but I don't have it installed. I wrote these examples in PostgreSQL.
select current_date - date '1970-01-01' as num_days;
num_days
--
16213
Check that result by adding 16213 days to the current date (2014-05-23).
select cast ((date '1970-01-01' + interval '16213' day) as date) as target_date
target_date
--
2014-05-23
The cast is necessary, because the result of this addition is a timestamp, not a date.
In your case, you want a column name instead of "current_date". So you're looking for something along these lines.
select my_date_col - date '1970-01-01' as num_days
from your-table-name;
I have a table called CYCLING_ACCIDENTS_2 containing a TIMESTAMP(6) column called ACC_DATE_TIME , this is an example of how the date is stored 31-MAY-12 16.45.00.000000, I would like to know how I can query just the time in such a date format so that I can have a time interval for all years I have (2005-2012) but just restricted to certain times in the day. I tried many functions but all I've got so far are syntax errors, I tried to search on the web but I can' t see anything appropriate to my case. Could anyone help?
Thanks!
First of all, a timestamp is a number, not a string. So the date is displayed by default as 31-MAY-12 16.45.00.000000, but it is actually the amount of microseconds since 1970 I believe.
If you want to select just the time part use to_char()
select to_char(acc_date_time, 'hh24:mi') time
, count(*) occurences
from cycling_accidents_2
group by to_char(acc_date_time, 'hh24:mi')
edit: I think this second query actually answers your question:
select *
from cycling_accidents_2 ca
where to_char(ca.acc_date_time, 'hh24:mi') between '10:00' and '18:00'
and ca.acc_date_time >= to_timestamp('01-01-2005', 'dd-mm-yyyy')
and ca.acc_date_time < to_timestamp('01-01-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy')
SELECT * FROM CYCLING_ACCIDENTS_2 WHERE
(EXTRACT(YEAR FROM ACC_DATE_TIME) BETWEEN 2005 AND 2012)
AND
(EXTRACT(HOUR FROM ACC_DATE_TIME) BETWEEN 10 AND 18)
I need to get the difference of 2 date fields, if the greater date is null then I'll use SYSDATE instead. Having this requirement, I created a function to solve this issues (note: this code follows the standard of the organization, not my personal taste)
CREATE FUNCTION F_GET_DIFFERENCE (P_WORKFLOWID NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER --result in minutes
IS
TIME NUMBER;
BEGIN
TIME := 0
SELECT
F_WORKTIME_DIFF(NVL(X.ENDDATE, SYSDATE), X.STARTDATE)
INTO
TIME
FROM
TABLEX X
WHERE
X.WORKFLOWID = P_WORKFLOWID;
RETURN TIME;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN 0;
END;
The F_WORKTIME_DIFF function already exists and calculates the worktime of the day (assumming nobody works at 12 a.m. and things like that). The problem is when calling this function, the result contains an additional amount of time. That's very strange, because when executing the query in the function, it returns the expected output.
Example (important: date format in Peru is DD/MM/YYYY HH24:MI:SS)
TABLEX
WORKFLOWID STARTDATE ENDDATE
1 '01/12/2012 10:00:00' null
Assumming that the server day is the same day (01/12/2012) but greater time (10:01:00), we execute the function:
SELECT F_GET_DIFFERENCE(1)
FROM DUAL;
The result is: 14.
Now, executing the query in the function and having the server time at 10:02:00, the result is 2 (exact output).
I even tried executing this
SELECT
F_WORKTIME_DIFF(NVL(X.ENDDATE, SYSDATE), X.STARTDATE) SELECT_WAY,
F_GET_DIFFERENCE(1) FUNCTION_WAY
FROM
TABLEX X
WHERE
X.WORKFLOWID = 1
And the result is (having the server time at 10:10:00)
SELECT_WAY FUNCTION_WAY
10 24
Is maybe any consideration that I must take into account when working with Oracle dates in inner functions or anything that could explain this odd behavior?
It is difficult to tell anything without seeing the function F_WORKTIME_DIFF.
Whatever is the datatype returned from F_WORKTIME_DIFF, it is casted to number when assigned to the variable time. This may be a clue.
This may not be exactly what are you looking for but the first example gives you hours diff between two dates:
Select EXTRACT(HOUR FROM (SYSDATE - trunc(SYSDATE )) DAY TO SECOND ) From dual
/
Select
EXTRACT(hour From Cast(SYSDATE as timestamp)) hh,
EXTRACT(minute From Cast(SYSDATE as timestamp)) mi,
EXTRACT(second From Cast(SYSDATE as timestamp)) ss
From dual
/