I want to take input as a char and concatenate them and write LCD. However I can't it. Also, ı want to not show a symbol which is about enter on LCD.
In this code, input does not written by serial monitor.
#include < LiquidCrystal.h >
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
char karakter;
int ksayi;
String yazi = "";
String kaydirilacak = "";
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.home();
lcd.print("Hello World");
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.home();
}
void loop() {
ksayi = Serial.available();
if (ksayi > 0) {
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
karakter = Serial.read();
if (karakter != '/n') {
yazi += karakter;
}
else {
kaydirilacak = yazi;
lcd.clear();
lcd.write(Serial.read(); yazi = "";
}
}
}
Kaydirmaca(kaydirilacak);
}
void Kaydirmaca(String s) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
delay(275);
}
}
You are printing out Serial.read(), which returns nothing because serial.available() is zero.
Also, your code does not compile. You are missing an end parenthesis.
else {
kaydirilacak=yazi;
lcd.clear();
lcd.write(Serial.read();
yazi="";
}
Related
My code involves both Processing and Arduino. 5 different photocells are triggering 5 different sounds. My sound files play only when the ldrvalue is above the threshold.
The Null Pointer Exception is highlighted on this line
for (int i = 0; i < ldrValues.length; i++) {
I am not sure which part of my code should be changed so that I can run it.
import processing.serial.*;
import processing.sound.*;
SoundFile[] soundFiles = new SoundFile[5];
Serial myPort; // Create object from Serial class
int[] ldrValues;
int[] thresholds = {440, 490, 330, 260, 450};
int i = 0;
boolean[] states = {false, false, false, false, false};
void setup() {
size(200, 200);
println((Object[])Serial.list());
String portName = Serial.list()[3];
myPort = new Serial(this, portName, 9600);
soundFiles[0] = new SoundFile(this, "1.mp3");
soundFiles[1] = new SoundFile(this, "2.mp3");
soundFiles[2] = new SoundFile(this, "3.mp3");
soundFiles[3] = new SoundFile(this, "4.mp3");
soundFiles[4] = new SoundFile(this, "5.mp3");
}
void draw()
{
background(255);
//serial loop
while (myPort.available() > 0) {
String myString = myPort.readStringUntil(10);
if (myString != null) {
//println(myString);
ldrValues = int(split(myString.trim(), ','));
//println(ldrValues);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < ldrValues.length; i++) {
println(states[i]);
println(ldrValues[i]);
if (ldrValues[i] > thresholds[i] && !states[i]) {
println("sensor " + i + " is activated");
soundFiles[i].play();
states[i] = true;
}
if (ldrValues[i] < thresholds[i]) {
println("sensor " + i + " is NOT activated");
soundFiles[i].stop();
states[i] = false;
}
}
}
You're approach is shall we say optimistic ? :)
It's always assuming there was a message from Serial, always formatted the right way so it could be parsed and there were absolutely 0 issues buffering data (incomplete strings, etc.))
The simplest thing you could do is check if the parsing was successful, otherwise the ldrValues array would still be null:
void draw()
{
background(255);
//serial loop
while (myPort.available() > 0) {
String myString = myPort.readStringUntil(10);
if (myString != null) {
//println(myString);
ldrValues = int(split(myString.trim(), ','));
//println(ldrValues);
}
}
// double check parsing int values from the string was successfully as well, not just buffering the string
if(ldrValues != null){
for (int i = 0; i < ldrValues.length; i++) {
println(states[i]);
println(ldrValues[i]);
if (ldrValues[i] > thresholds[i] && !states[i]) {
println("sensor " + i + " is activated");
soundFiles[i].play();
states[i] = true;
}
if (ldrValues[i] < thresholds[i]) {
println("sensor " + i + " is NOT activated");
soundFiles[i].stop();
states[i] = false;
}
}
}else{
// print a helpful debugging message otherwise
println("error parsing ldrValues from string: " + myString);
}
}
(Didn't know you could parse a int[] with int(): nice!)
I am trying to recognize voices from microphone by pocketsphinx and pass it through espeak to say what it recognized in real-time/continuous speech(I mean user says a word/sentence, pocketsphinx will recognize it and collects it inside char* hyp, then passes the hyp to speech() function that uses espeak to say what is inside the hyp. But I don't know why do I get
Failed to read audio
In this part of the code:
if ((k = ad_read(ad, adbuf, 2048)) < 0)
E_FATAL("Failed to read audio\n");
This is the complete code:
static ps_decoder_t *ps;
static cmd_ln_t *config;
static FILE *rawfd;
ad_rec_t *ad;
char *hyp;
espeak_POSITION_TYPE position_type;
espeak_AUDIO_OUTPUT output;
char *path=NULL;
int Buflength = 2048, Options=0;
void* user_data;
char Voice[] = {"English"};
unsigned int Size,position=0, end_position=0, flags=espeakCHARS_AUTO, *unique_identifier;
t_espeak_callback *SynthCallback;
espeak_PARAMETER Parm;
static void after_speech()
{
espeak_Synth( hyp, Size, position, position_type, end_position, flags,unique_identifier, user_data );
espeak_Synchronize( );
ad_start_rec(ad);
}
int receive_espeak_events(short *wav, int numsamples, espeak_EVENT *event)
{
while (event->type != espeakEVENT_LIST_TERMINATED)
{
if (event->type == espeakEVENT_MSG_TERMINATED)
{
after_speech();
}
++event;
}
return 0;
}
static void initFuncs()
{
espeak_Initialize(output, Buflength, path, AUDIO_OUTPUT_PLAYBACK ); //AUDIO_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS ); //Options );
espeak_SetVoiceByName(Voice);
}
static void sleep_msec(int32 ms)
{
struct timeval tmo;
tmo.tv_sec = 0;
tmo.tv_usec = ms * 1000;
select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tmo);
}
static void speech(char* hyp)
{
Size = strlen(hyp)+1;
espeak_SetSynthCallback(receive_espeak_events);
}
static void recognize_from_microphone()
{
int16 adbuf[2048];
uint8 utt_started, in_speech;
int32 k;
if ((ad = ad_open_dev(cmd_ln_str_r(config, "-adcdev"),(int) cmd_ln_float32_r(config,"-samprate"))) == NULL)
E_FATAL("Failed to open audio device\n");
if (ad_start_rec(ad) < 0)
E_FATAL("Failed to start recording\n");
if (ps_start_utt(ps) < 0)
E_FATAL("Failed to start utterance\n");
utt_started = FALSE;
E_INFO("Ready....\n");
for (;;)
{
if ((k = ad_read(ad, adbuf, 2048)) < 0)
E_FATAL("Failed to read audio\n");
ps_process_raw(ps, adbuf, k, FALSE, FALSE);
in_speech = ps_get_in_speech(ps);
if (in_speech && !utt_started)
{
utt_started = TRUE;
E_INFO("Listening...\n");
}
if (!in_speech && utt_started)
{
ps_end_utt(ps);
hyp = (char*)ps_get_hyp(ps, NULL );
if (hyp != NULL)
{
ad_stop_rec(ad);
speech(hyp);
printf("%s\n",hyp);
fflush(stdout);
// sleep_msec(3000);
}
if (ps_start_utt(ps) < 0)
E_FATAL("Failed to start utterance\n");
utt_started = FALSE;
E_INFO("Ready....\n");
}
}//for loop
ad_close(ad);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
initFuncs();
config = cmd_ln_init(NULL, ps_args(), TRUE,
"-hmm", "/home/m/myrobot3/robot/model_parameters/robot.cd_cont_1000",
"-lm","/home/m/myrobot3/robot/etc/robot.lm.bin",
"-dict", "/home/m/myrobot3/robot/etc/robot.dic",
NULL);
ps = ps_init(config);
recognize_from_microphone();
ps_free(ps);
cmd_ln_free_r(config);
return 0;
}
NOTE: I used espeak_SetSynthCallback(receive_espeak_events); because I must pause the pocketsphinx's listening to new voices, until the espeak ends speaking of the previous recognized voice. So I tried to ad_stop_rec(ad); after finding a new hyp() inside the for(;;) loop, then tried to ad_start_rec(ad); when espeakEVENT_MSG_TERMINATED happened inside the receive_espeak_events callback.
I want to know how to write code which receives specific string.for example, this one OK , in this I only need "OK" string.
Another string is also like OK
I have written code in keil c51 for at89s52 microcontroller which works but I need more reliable code.
I'm using interrupt for rx data from rs232 serial.
void _esp8266_getch() interrupt 4 //UART Rx.{
if(TI){
TI=0;
xmit_bit=0;
return ;
}
else
{
count=0;
do
{
while(RI==0);
rx_buff=SBUF;
if(rx_buff==rx_data1) //rx_data1 = 0X0D /CR
{
RI=0;
while(RI==0);
rx_buff=SBUF;
if(rx_buff==rx_data2) // rx_data2 = 0x0A /LF
{
RI=0;
data_in_buffer=1;
if(loop_conti==1)
{
if(rec_bit_flag==1)
{
data_in_buffer=0;
loop_conti=0;
}
}
}
}
else
{
if(data_in_buffer==1)
{
received[count]=rx_buff; //my buffer in which storing string
rec_bit_flag=1;
count++;
loop_conti=1;
RI=0;
}
else
{
loop_conti=0;
rec_bit_flag=0;
RI=0;
}
}
}
while(loop_conti==1);
}
rx_buff=0;
}
This is one is just for reference, you need develop the logic further to your needs. Moreover, design is depends on what value is received, is there any specific pattern and many more parameter. And this is not a tested code, I tried to give my idea on design, with this disclaimer here is the sample..
//Assuming you get - "OK<CR><LF>" in which <CR><LF> indicates the end of string steam
int nCount =0;
int received[2][BUF_SIZE]; //used only 2 buffers, you can use more than 2, depending on how speed
//you receive and how fast you process it
int pingpong =0;
bool bRecFlag = FALSE;
int nNofbytes = 0;
void _esp8266_getch() interrupt 4 //UART Rx.
{
if(TI){
TI=0;
xmit_bit=0;
return ;
}
if(RI) // Rx interrupt
{
received[pingpong][nCount]=SBUF;
RI =0;
if(nCount > 0)
{
// check if you receive end of stream value
if(received[pingpong][nCount-1] == 0x0D) && (received[pingpong][nCount] == 0x0A))
{
bRecFlag = TRUE;
pingpong = (pingpong == 0);
nNofbytes = nCount;
nCount = 0;
return;
}
}
nCount++;
}
return;
}
int main()
{
// other stuff
while(1)
{
// other stuff
if(bRecFlag) //String is completely received
{
buftouse = pingpong ? 0 : 1; // when pingpong is 1, buff 0 will have last complete string
// when pingpong is 0, buff 1 will have last complete string
// copy to other buffer or do action on received[buftouse][]
bRecFlag = false;
}
// other stuff
}
}
I am not sure how to pass the values in the function in order to be used within the digitalWrite functions.
I'm getting the following error:
error: cannot convert 'String' to 'uint8_t' {aka unsigned char}' for argument '1' to 'void digitalWrite(uint8_t, uint8_t)'
pubsub callback
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
Serial.print("New message on [");
Serial.print(topic);
Serial.print("] ");
Serial.println("");
char s[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
s[i]=payload[i];
}
StaticJsonBuffer<500> jsonBuffer;
JsonObject& root = jsonBuffer.parseObject(s);
if (!root.success()) {
Serial.println("parseObject() failed");
}
String relay = root["relay"]; // "relayOne"
int time = root["timestamp"]; // 1351824120
String trigger = root["trigger"]; // "ON"
// Feel free to add more if statements to control more GPIOs with MQTT
commander(relay, trigger);
}
commander function
void commander(String relay, String trigger) {
if(trigger == "ON"){
Serial.print("Turning ");
Serial.println(relay);
Serial.println(" on");
digitalWrite(relay, HIGH);
} else if(trigger == "OFF"){
Serial.println(relay);
digitalWrite(relayOne, LOW);
Serial.print("TRIGGERED!");
} else {
// turn all the LEDs off:
for (int pin = 0; pin < relayPinCount; pin++) {
digitalWrite(relayPins[pin], LOW);
}
}
Serial.println();
}
void commander(String relay, String trigger) {
uint8_t pinNo;
if ( relay == "relayOne" ) {
pinNo = RELAY_1_PIN;
} else
if ( relay == "anotherRelay" ) {
pinNo = OTHER_RELAY_PIN;
} else
if ( ... ) {
...
} else {
return;
}
if(trigger == "ON"){
Serial.print("Turning ");
Serial.println(relay);
Serial.println(" on");
digitalWrite(pinNo, HIGH);
} else if(trigger == "OFF"){
Serial.println(relay);
digitalWrite(pinNo, LOW);
Serial.print("TRIGGERED!");
} else {
// turn all the LEDs off:
for (int pin = 0; pin < relayPinCount; pin++) {
digitalWrite(relayPins[pin], LOW);
}
}
Serial.println();
}
I am trying to read in a text file for a maze program. The input is something like:
10 10
OO+E+OO+++
O++O+O+OOO
OOOOOO+O+O
+++++O++OO
OOO+OOO+O+
O+O+O+++O+
O+O+OOO+OO
++O+++O++O
O+OOOOO++O
O+O++O+OOO
When the user click on the open button, this opens a open file dialog box
{
openFileDialog1->InitialDirectory = "C:\Desktop;";
openFileDialog1->Filter = "Maze files (*.DAT)|*.DAT";
if (openFileDialog1->ShowDialog() == ::DialogResult::OK)
{
char filename[1024];
for (int i = 0; i < openFileDialog1->FileName->Length; i++)
{
filename[i] = openFileDialog1->FileName[i];
}
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(filename); // NULL terminate this
maze = new Maze( panel1, ifs);
ifs.close();
}
}
the following is the maze constructor
Maze::Maze( Panel ^ drawingPanel, ifstream & ifs )
{
try
{
valid = false;
ifs >> width >> height;
int temp = width;
drawingPanel->Size.Width = width;
drawingPanel->Size.Height = height;
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) // height is always nothing
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++)
{
if (orig[j][i] == DEADEND ||
orig[j][i] == OPEN ||
orig[j][i] == EXIT )
ifs >> orig[j][i]; // NULLS????
else
throw 'D'; // i had to throw something....so i threw the D /* make a slit class and throw the D there? slit.fill(D); */
}
// this should be last
panel = drawingPanel;
valid = true;
}
catch (...)
{
valid = false;
MessageBox::Show( "Not a proper maze file!" );
}
}
when the program runs: ifs >> width >> height width and height do not get set correctly.
I have searched this site for this problem and have not been able to find anything that has helped. Sorry for my inexperience, any help is greatly appreciated.
You'e program very ugly : don't know if you're programming in C or C++ or C++/CLI, or try to mix the 3...
Because you use Windows Form projet, i will give you a .Net solution for read a file, it's not the better solution but this does not mix things.
First for read the file, on a first window :
private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e)
{
openFileDialog1->Filter = "Maze Files (*.dat) | *.dat";
if (openFileDialog1->ShowDialog() == ::DialogResult::OK)
{
String ^fileName = openFileDialog1->FileName;
IO::StreamReader ^myMazeFile = gcnew IO::StreamReader(fileName);
String ^content = myMazeFile->ReadToEnd();
richTextBox1->Text = content;
myMazeFile->Close();
// display button for open second form wich draw maze
button2->Visible = true;
}
}
now we have our file content, so we pass it to a second form who will draw the maze :
private: System::Void button2_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e)
{
String ^content = richTextBox1->Text;
Maze ^frm = gcnew Maze(content);
frm->Show();
}
Second window, create overload constructor :
Maze(String ^contentMap)
{
InitializeComponent();
String ^dimension = getWords(contentMap, 2);
array<String ^> ^coordsString = dimension->Split(gcnew array<Char> {' '});
m_width = Convert::ToInt32(coordsString[0]);
m_height = Convert::ToInt32(coordsString[1]);
panel1->Width = m_width;
panel1->Height = m_height;
}
getWords method :
String ^getWords(String ^input, int numWords)
{
try
{
int words = numWords;
for (int i = 0; i < input->Length; ++i)
{
if (input[i] == ' ' ||input[i] == '\n')
words--;
if (words == 0)
{
return input->Substring(0, i);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ^ex)
{
// ...
}
return String::Empty;
}
You have your dimension in full .Net (private member m_width and m_height).