I have table (T-SQL) with 2 attributes - Code and Range.
Code Range
-------------------- ----------
5000_RANGE 5001..5003
5001 NULL
5002 NULL
5003 NULL
5802 NULL
5802_RANGE 5802..5804
5803 NULL
5804 NULL
6401 NULL
I'm trying to write a simple query to get the Code values with '_RANGE' postfix and the Code values (separated by commas) specified by Range attribute on a single line.
Code Range
-------------------- --------------
5000_RANGE 5001,5002,5003
5802_RANGE 5802,5803,5804
What is the best solution? Maybe somehow by using XML Path()?
You can get the list using a self-join:
select range.code, c.code
from (select code, range
from t
where code like '%RANGE'
) range left outer join
(select t.*
from t
where code not like '%RANGE'
) c
on c.code between left(range.range, 4) and right(range.range, 4)
Getting them into a comma separate list depends on the database. Here is the method in MySQL:
select range.code, group_concat(c.code)
from (select code, range
from t
where code like '%RANGE'
) range left outer join
(select t.*
from t
where code not like '%RANGE'
) c
on c.code between left(range.range, 4) and right(range.range, 4)
group by range.code
Try this. Create a function like below:
ALTER FUNCTION GetRangeText
(
#Value VARCHAR(50)
) RETURNS VARCHAR(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #Start AS INT
DECLARE #End AS INT
DECLARE #RangeText AS VARCHAR(200)
SET #RangeText = ''
SET #Start = CAST(SUBSTRING(#Value, 0, CHARINDEX('...', #Value)) AS INT)
SET #End = CAST(SUBSTRING(#Value, CHARINDEX('...', #Value) + 3, LEN(#Value)) AS INT)
WHILE #Start <= #End
BEGIN
SET #RangeText = #RangeText + CAST(#Start AS VARCHAR(100)) + ','
SET #Start = #Start + 1
END
RETURN #RangeText
END
Consume the function in the SELECT query like below
SELECT Code, dbo.GetRangeText(Range) FROM Table1 WHERE Code LIKE '%_RANGE'
This will give the excepted output.
You didn't specify which DBMS you are using. If you are using MySQL you could use a query like this:
SELECT
Code,
GROUP_CONCAT(SUBSTRING_INDEX(rng, '..', 1)+numbers.digit) ranges
FROM
(SELECT 0 digit UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL
SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5) numbers
INNER JOIN
codes
ON SUBSTRING_INDEX(rng, '..', -1)-SUBSTRING_INDEX(rng, '..', 1)>=numbers.digit
WHERE
rng like '%..%'
GROUP BY
Code
Which gives exatly the result you need.
Please see fiddle here. It can be improved to support larger ranges.
Something like
SELECT Code, Range FROM code_table WHERE Code LIKE "%_RANGE"
Not sure about presenting the range how you like.
Related
Quick Question,
So I created a cursor I use on a medical database that will display all the billing codes (CPT codes) for a specific encounter (Voucher) on one line. The reason for this is an encounter can have many billing codes, and the encounter > billing code table relationship is a one to many. So if an encounter has 3 billing codes, there will be 3 lines in the result set , one for each code.
Lets say for example I have :
Voucher_Number CPT
1 A
1 B
1 C
2 Z
2 X
2 Y
3 P
3 Q
3 S
The code I am currently using using will end up with these results :
Voucher_Number CPT
1 A, B, C
2 Z, X, Y,
3 NULL
This is the cursor I am currently using , the temp table #VoucherData has a line for each unique combination of Voucher_Number and CPT
I am sure this is something so simple I am missing here, this code was given to me by someone else before they left and he said he never bothered to fix it, that for that last line to just manually look up the codes (This isn't part of an application we are just dumping the results into a Excel File)
/* Cursor FOR CPT CODES */
DECLARE #CPTTABLE TABLE (voucher_number INT , cptcode varchar(255))
DECLARE #CPT varchar(max)
DECLARE #CPTCODE varchar(50)
DECLARE #CPTVOUCHER INT
DECLARE #CURRENTCPTVOUCHER INT
DECLARE CPTCURSOR CURSOR FOR SELECT DISTINCT Voucher_Number, CPT FROM #VoucherData ORDER BY Voucher_Number, CPT
OPEN CPTCURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM CPTCURSOR INTO #CPTVOUCHER, #CPTCODE
SET #CURRENTCPTVOUCHER=#CPTVOUCHER
WHILE ##FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF #CURRENTCPTVOUCHER<>#CPTVOUCHER
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #CPTTABLE VALUES(#CURRENTCPTVOUCHER, #CPT)
SET #CPT=NULL
SET #CURRENTCPTVOUCHER=#CPTVOUCHER
END
SET #CPT = ISNULL(#CPT+', ',' ')+#CPTCODE
FETCH NEXT FROM CPTCURSOR INTO #CPTVOUCHER, #CPTCODE
END
CLOSE CPTCURSOR
DEALLOCATE CPTCURSOR
Then A
SELECT DISTINCT #VoucherData.Voucher_Number, CPT.CPTCODE
FROM #VOUCHERDATA
LEFT JOIN #CPTTABLE CPT ON CPT.Voucher_Number=#VoucherData.Voucher_Number
As I said, I am sure there is something very simple I am missing here. What happens is I will run this code and end up with a result set with hundreds of rows usually, every single one of them is correct except the last one which always has a NULL value for CPT.
You could use this instead of a cursor:
using the stuff() with select ... for xml path ('') method of string concatenation.
select distinct
Voucher_Number
, stuff((
select distinct ', ' + i.cpt
from #Voucherdata i
where i.Voucher_number = t.Voucher_number
for xml path (''), type).value('.','nvarchar(max)')
,1,2,'')
from #Voucherdata t
This would normally be done using XML for the string aggregation:
select v.Voucher_Number,
stuff( (select ', ' + cpt
from #VoucherData v2
where v2.Voucher_Number = v.Voucher_Number
for xml path ('')
), 1, 2, ''
) as codes
from (select distinct Voucher_Number from #VoucherData) v;
You don't want to use cursors when there is a set-based approach for the same result set.
you might not require to use cursor for this string aggregation, you can use query as below:
Select VoucherNumber, stuff ((
select ', ' + CPT from #VoucherData where VoucherNumber = t.VoucherNumber
for xml path('')
),1,2,'') as CPT
From #VoucherData t
Group by VoucherNumber
If it is SQL Server 2017, SQL Azure or PDW you can use String_Agg as below:
Select VoucherNumber, String_Agg(CPT, ', ') as CPT
from #VoucherData
Group by VoucherNumber
I have been trying to set up a SQL function to build descriptions with "tags". For example, I would want to start with a description:
"This is [length] ft. long and [height] ft. high"
And modify the description with data from a related table, to end up with:
"This is 75 ft. long and 20 ft. high"
I could do this easily with REPLACE functions if we had a set number of tags, but I want these tags to be user defined, and each description may or may not have specific tags in it. Would there be any better way to get this other than using a cursor to go through the string once for each available tag? Does SQL have any built in functionality to do a multiple replace? something like:
Replace(description,(select tag, replacement from tags))
I actually recommend doing this in application code. But, you can do it using a recursive CTE:
with t as (
select t.*, row_number() over (order by t.tag) as seqnum
from tags t
),
cte as (
select replace(#description, t.tag, t.replacement) as d, t.seqnum
from t
where seqnum = 1
union all
select replace(d, t.tag, t.replacement), t.seqnum
from cte join
t
on t.seqnum = cte.seqnum + 1
)
select top 1 cte.*
from cte
order by seqnum desc;
Try below query :
SELECT REPLACE(DESCRIPTION,'[length]',( SELECT replacement FROM tags WHERE tag
= '[length]') )
I agree with Gordon that this is best handled in your application code.
If for whatever reason that option is not available however, and if you don't want to use recursion as per Gordon's answer, you could use a tally table approach to swap out your values.
You will need to test the performance of the for xml being executed for each value though...
Assuming you have a table of Tag replacement values:
create table TagReplacementTable(Tag nvarchar(50), Replacement nvarchar(50));
insert into TagReplacementTable values('[test]',999)
,('[length]',75)
,('[height]',20)
,('[other length]',40)
,('[other height]',50);
You can create an inline table function that will work through your Descriptions and drop replace the necessary parts using TagReplacementTable as reference:
create function dbo.Tag_Replace(#str nvarchar(4000)
,#tagstart nvarchar(1)
,#tagend nvarchar(1)
)
returns table
as
return
(
with n(n) as (select n from (values(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1)) n(n))
-- Select the same number of rows as characters in #str as incremental row numbers.
-- Cross joins increase exponentially to a max possible 10,000 rows to cover largest #str length.
,t(t) as (select top (select len(#str) a) row_number() over (order by (select null)) from n n1,n n2,n n3,n n4)
-- Return the position of every value that starts or ends a part of the description.
-- This will be the first character (t='f'), the start of any tag (t='s') and the end of any tag (t='e').
,s(s,t) as (select 1, 'f'
union all select t+1, 's' from t where substring(#str,t,1) = #tagstart
union all select t+1, 'e' from t where substring(#str,t,1) = #tagend
)
-- Return the start and length of every value, to use in the SUBSTRING function.
-- ISNULL/NULLIF combo handles the last value where there is no delimiter at the end of the string.
-- Using the t value we can determine which CHARINDEX to look for.
,l(t,s,l) as (select t,s,isnull(nullif(charindex(case t when 'f' then #tagstart when 's' then #tagend when 'e' then #tagstart end,#str,s),0)-s,4000) from s)
-- Each element of the string is returned in an ordered list along with its t value.
-- Where this t value is 's' this means the value is a tag, so append the start and end identifiers and join to the TagReplacementTable.
-- Where no replacement is found, simply return the part of the Description.
-- Finally, concatenate into one string value.
select (select isnull(r.Replacement,k.Item)
from(select row_number() over(order by s) as ItemNumber
,case when l.t = 's' then '[' else '' end
+ substring(#str,s,l)
+ case when l.t = 's' then ']' else '' end as Item
,t
from l
) k
left join TagReplacementTable r
on(k.Item = r.Tag)
order by k.ItemNumber
for xml path('')
) as NewString
);
And then outer apply to the results of the function to do replacements on all your Description values:
declare #t table (Descr nvarchar(100));
insert into #t values('This is [length] ft. long and [height] ft. high'),('[test] This is [other length] ft. long and [other height] ft. high');
select *
from #t t
outer apply dbo.Tag_Replace(t.Descr,'[',']') r;
Output:
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Descr | NewString |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| This is [length] ft. long and [height] ft. high | This is 75 ft. long and 20 ft. high |
| [test] This is [other length] ft. long and [other height] ft. high | 999 This is 40 ft. long and 50 ft. high |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
I would not iterate through an individual string, but instead run the update on the entire column of strings. I'm not sure if that was your intent but this would be much quicker than one string at a time.
Test Data:
Create TABLE #strs ( mystr VARCHAR(MAX) )
Create TABLE #rpls (i INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, src VARCHAR(MAX) , Trg VARCHAR(MAX) )
INSERT INTO #strs
( mystr )
SELECT 'hello ##color## world'
UNION ALL SELECT 'see jack ##verboftheday##! ##verboftheday## Jack, ##verboftheday##!'
UNION ALL SELECT 'on ##Date##, the ##color## StockMarket was ##MarketDirection##!'
INSERT INTO #rpls ( src ,Trg )
SELECT '##Color##', 'Blue'
UNION SELECT ALL '##verboftheday##' , 'run'
UNION SELECT ALL '##Date##' , CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), GETDATE(), 9)
UNION SELECT ALL '##MarketDirection##' , 'UP'
then a loop like this:
DECLARE #i INTEGER = 0
DECLARE #count INTEGER
SELECT #count = COUNT(*)
FROM #rpls R
WHILE #i < #count
BEGIN
SELECT #i += 1
UPDATE #strs
SET mystr = REPLACE(mystr, ( SELECT R.src
FROM #rpls R
WHERE i = #i ), ( SELECT R.Trg
FROM #rpls R
WHERE i = #i ))
END
SELECT *
FROM #strs S
Yielding the following
hello Blue world
see jack run! run Jack, run!
on May 19 2017 9:48:02:390AM, the Blue StockMarket was UP!
I found someone wanting to do something similar here with a set number of options:
SELECT #target = REPLACE(#target, invalidChar, '-')
FROM (VALUES ('~'),(''''),('!'),('#'),('#')) AS T(invalidChar)
I could modify it as such:
declare #target as varchar(max) = 'This is [length] ft. long and [height] ft. high'
select #target = REPLACE(#target,'[' + tag + ']',replacement)
from tags
It then runs the replace once for every record returned in the select statement.
(I originally had added this to my question, but it sounds like it is better protocol to add it as a answer.)
I have searched extensively for a relevant answer, but none quite satisfy what I need to be doing.
For our purposes I have a column with a 50 character binary string. In our database, it is actually hundreds of characters long.
There is one string for each unique item ID in our database. The location of each '1' flags a specific criteria being true, and a '0' false, so the indexed location of the ones and zeros are very important. Mostly, I care about where the 1's are.
I am not updating any databases, so I first decided to try and make a loop to look through each string and create a list of the 1's locations.
declare #binarystring varchar(50) = '10000010000110000001000000000000000000000000000001'
declare #position int = 0
declare #list varchar(200) = ''
while (#position <= len(#binarystring))
begin
set #position = charindex('1', #binarystring, #position)
set #list = #list + ', ' + convert(varchar(10),#position)
set #position = charindex('1', #binarystring, #position)+1
end
select right(#list, len(#list)-2)
This creates the following list:
1, 7, 12, 13, 20, 50
However, the loop will bomb if there is not a '1' at the end of the string, as I am searching through the string via occurrences of 1's rather than one character at a time. I am not sure how satisfy the break criteria when the loop would normally reach the end of the string, without there being a 1.
Is there a simple solution to my loop bombing, and should I even be looping in the first place?
I have tried other methods of parsing, union joining, indexing, etc, but given this very specific set of circumstances I couldn't find any combination that did quite what I needed. The above code is the best I've got so far.
I don't specifically need a comma delimited list as an output, but I need to know the location of all 1's within the string. The amount of 1's vary, but the string size is always the same.
This is my first time posting to stackoverflow, but I have used answers many times. I seek to give a clear question with relevant information. If there is anything I can do to help, I will try to fulfill any requests.
How about changing the while condition to this?
while (charindex('1', #binarystring, #position) > 0)
while (#position <= len(#binarystring))
begin
set #position = charindex('1', #binarystring, #position)
if #position != 0
begin
set #list = #list + ', ' + convert(varchar(10),#position)
set #position = charindex('1', #binarystring, #position)+1
end
else
begin
break
end;
end
It's often useful to have a source of large ranges of sequential integers handy. I have a table, dbo.range that has a single column, id containing all the sequential integers from -500,000 to +500,000. That column is a clustered primary key so lookups against are fast. With such a table, solving your problem is easy.
Assuming your table has a schema something like
create table dbo.some_table_with_flags
(
id int not null primary key ,
flags varchar(1000) not null ,
)
The following query should do you:
select row_id = t.id ,
flag_position = r.id
from dbo.some_table t
join dbo.range r on r.id between 1 and len(t.flags)
and substring(t.flags,r.id,1) = '1'
For each 1 value in the flags column, you'll get a row containing the ID from your source table's ID column, plus the position in which the 1 was found in flags.
There are a number of techniques for generating such sequences. This link shows several:
http://sqlperformance.com/2013/01/t-sql-queries/generate-a-set-1
For instance, you could use common table expressions (CTEs) to generate your sequences, like this:
WITH
s1(n) AS -- 10 (10^1)
( SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
UNION ALL SELECT 1
) ,
s2(n) as ( select 1 from s1 a cross join s1 b ) , -- 10^2 100
s3(n) as ( select 1 FROM s1 a cross join s2 b ) , -- 10^3 1,000
s4(n) as ( select 1 from s1 a cross join s3 b ) , -- 10^4 10,000
s5(n) as ( select 1 from s1 a cross join s4 b ) , -- 10^5 100,000
s6(n) as ( select 1 from s1 a cross join s5 b ) , -- 10^6 1,000,000
seq(n) as ( select row_number() over ( order by n ) from s6 )
select *
from dbo.some_table t
join seq s on s.n between 1 and len(t.flags)
and substring(t.flags,s.n,1) = '1'
I have a table tbl_Country, which contains columns called ID and Name. The Name column has multiple country names separated by comma, I want the id when I pass multiple country names to compare with Name column values. I am splitting the country names using a function - the sample query looks like this:
#country varchar(50)
SELECT *
FROM tbl_Country
WHERE (SELECT *
FROM Function(#Country)) IN (SELECT *
FROM Function(Name))
tbl_country
ID Name
1 'IN,US,UK,SL,NZ'
2 'IN,PK,SA'
3 'CH,JP'
parameter #country ='IN,SA'
i have to get
ID
1
2
NOTE: The Function will split the string into a datatable
Try this
SELECT * FROM tbl_Country C
LEFT JOIN tbl_Country C1 ON C1.Name=C.Country
Try this:
SELECT *
FROM tbl_Country C
WHERE ',' + #country + ',' LIKE '%,' + C.Name + ',%';
Basically, by specifying multiple values in a single column, you are violating the 1st NF. Therefore, the following might not be a good approach but provides the solution that you are looking for:
declare #country varchar(50)= 'IN,SA'
declare #counterend int
declare #counterstart int =1
declare #singleCountry varchar(10)
set #counterend = (select COUNT(*) from fnSplitStringList(#country))
create table #temp10(
id int
,name varchar(50))
while #counterstart<= #counterend
begin
;with cte as (
select stringliteral country
, ROW_NUMBER() over (order by stringliteral) countryseq
from fnSplitStringList(#country))
select #singleCountry = (select country FROM cte where countryseq=#counterstart)
insert into #temp10(id, name)
select * from tbl_country t1
where not exists (select id from #temp10 t2 where t1.id=t2.id)
and name like '%' + #singleCountry +'%'
set #counterstart= #counterstart+1
end
select * from #temp10
begin drop table #temp10 end
How it works: It splits the passed string and ranks it. Afterwards, it loops through all the records for every single Value(country) produced and inserts them into temptable.
try this,
select a.id FROM tbl_Country a inner join
(SELECT country FROM dbo.Function(#Country)) b on a.name=b.country
I have a very interesting problem. I have an SSRS report with a multiple select drop down.
The drop down allows to select more than one value, or all values.
All values is not the problem.
The problem is 1 or the combination of more than 1 option
When I select in the drop down 'AAA' it should return 3 values: 'AAA','AAA 1','AAA 2'
Right now is only returning 1 value.
QUESTION:
How can make the IN statement work like a LIKE?
The Drop down select
SELECT '(All)' AS team, '(All)' AS Descr
UNION ALL
SELECT 'AAA' , 'AAA'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'BBB' , 'BBB'
Table Mytable
ColumnA Varchar(5)
Values for ColumnA
'AAA'
'AAA 1'
'AAA 2'
'BBB'
'BBB 1'
'BBB 2'
SELECT * FROM Mytable
WHERE ColumnA IN (SELECT * FROM SplitListString(#Team, ',')))
Split function
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[SplitListString]
(#InputString NVARCHAR(max), #SplitChar CHAR(1))
RETURNS #ValuesList TABLE
(
param NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #ListValue NVARCHAR(max)
DECLARE #TmpString NVARCHAR(max)
DECLARE #PosSeparator INT
DECLARE #EndValues BIT
SET #TmpString = LTRIM(RTRIM(#InputString));
SET #EndValues = 0
WHILE (#EndValues = 0) BEGIN
SET #PosSeparator = CHARINDEX(#SplitChar, #TmpString)
IF (#PosSeparator) > 1 BEGIN
SELECT #ListValue = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(#TmpString, 1, #PosSeparator -1 )))
END
ELSE BEGIN
SELECT #ListValue = LTRIM(RTRIM(#TmpString))
SET #EndValues = 1
END
IF LEN(#ListValue) > 0 BEGIN
INSERT INTO #ValuesList
SELECT #ListValue
END
SET #TmpString = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(#TmpString, #PosSeparator + 1, LEN(#TmpString) - #PosSeparator)))
END
RETURN
END
You can't. But, you can make the like work like the like:
select *
from mytable t join
SplitListString(#Team, ',') s
on t.ColumnA like '%'+s.param+'%'
That is, move the split list to an explicit join. Replace with the actual column name returned by the function, and use the like function.
Or, if you prefer:
select *
from mytable t cross join
SplitListString(#Team, ',') s
where t.ColumnA like '%'+s.param+'%'
The two versions are equivalent and should produce the same execution plan.
Better approach would be to have a TeamsTable (teamID, teamName, ...) and teamMembersTable (teamMemberID, teamID, teamMemberDetails, ...).
Then you an build your dropdown list as
SELECT ... FROM TeamsTable ...;
and
SELECT ... FROM teamMembersTable WHERE teamID IN (valueFromYourDropDown);
Or you can just store your teamID or teamName (or both) in your (equivalent of) teamMembersTable
You're not going to get IN to work the same as LIKE without a lot of work. You could do something like this though (and it would be nice to see some of your actual data though so we could give better solutions):
SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE LEFT(field,3) IN #Parameter
If you'd like better performance, create a code field on your table and update it like this:
UPDATE table
SET codeField = LEFT(field,3)
Then just add an index on that field and run this query to get your results:
SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE codeField IN #Parameter