I'm starting to learn assembly.
Let's say I write a procedure to find to minium value in an array of integers.
PUBLIC _findmin
.MODEL SMALL
.CODE
_findmin PROC
// code here...
_findmin ENDP
END
How can I test if it does actually work?
How can I execute this code?
There are several ways of confirming your code is working. One is to go through a debugger. If you are testing against multiple resulty, you can also write a simple wrapper and loop with various input parameters, comparing the output to the expected result. I did this when I wrote a kind of pattern matching algorithm, because it's hard to keep track of all possible patterns and making sure they still work after a change.
There are also testframworks for more complex code.
Related
Enterprise Architect 13.5.
I made MDG technology extending Object metatype. I have a shape script for my stereotype working well. I need to print several predefined run-state parameters for element. Is it possible to access to run-state params within Shape ?
As Geert already commented there is no direct way to get the runstate variables from an object. You might send a feature request to Sparx. But I'm pretty sure you can't hold your breath long enough to see it in time (if at all).
So if you really need the runstate in the script the only way is to use an add-in. It's actually not too difficult to create one and Geert has a nice intro how to create it in 10 minutes. In your shape script you can print a string restult returned from an operation like
print("#addin:myAddIn,pFunc1#")
where myAddIn is the name of the registered operation and pFunc1 is a parameter you pass to it. In order to control the script flow you can use
hasproperty('addin:myAddIn,pFunc2','1')
which evaluates the returned string to match or not match the string 1.
I once got that to work with no too much hassle. But until now I never had the real need to use it somewhere in production. Know that the addin is called from the interpreted script for each shaped element on the diagram and might (dramatically) affect rendering times.
I'm working on refactoring a decently large project, and I'm interested in searching out and reducing Code Clone for better standardization as well as ease of development.
I've got a code snippet that keeps coming up in "Exact Matches" (using Visual Studio 2012's
"Find Code Clones" feature).
Here it is:
End If
End Using
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox(ex.Message)
End Try
End Using
End Using
Return Nothing
Basically, I have a whole host of similar functions (similar in structure but not in actual function) that all open with something like this:
Const sql As String = ...
Using cn As SqlConnection...
Using cmd As SqlCommand(sql,cn)
... Maybe add some SqlParameters
cn.Open()
... Something with cmd.Execute...
Now, I recognize that the first code block is IDENTICAL across many, many methods, but I can't figure out a way to pull that code out, write it once and simply call it each time I need that functionality. It seems to me that there is too much control flow occurring.
So, I'm stumped as to how to fix this (and I'm only assuming that I can "fix" this because Microsoft has identified it as "cloned code").
I'm thinking of something along the lines of making a small number of functions that do the same type of thing (like returning a count from a table, returning a top value, etc...) and only really differ by the SQL that is executed. That could be a bit tricky, though, since sometimes the parameters (type and number) differ.
Any thoughts?
I wouldn't concern yourself with those. Your common-sense first impression is correct. While, technically speaking, the syntax is repeated multiple times, it is not really a repetition of logic or an algorithm of any kind. That's not to say there's no way to reduce that repetition, it's just that by doing so, you will likely end up with a worse design in your code.
For instance, you could create a single method that does all the setup and tear-down and then just calls a method in the middle that actually uses the connection to do the work, such as:
Public Function PerformDbTask(task As IMyDbTask)
Using cn As SqlConnection...
Using cmd As SqlCommand = cn.CreateCommand()
Try
cn.Open()
task.Perform(cmd)
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox(ex.Message)
End Try
End Using
End Using
Return Nothing
End Function
However, what have you really gained? Probably not much at all, yet you've lost a lot of flexibility. So, unless that kind of design is actually necessary for what you are trying to do, I wouldn't waste time trying to solve a problem that doesn't exist.
You could create a class that implements a builder pattern, that winds up looking like
Dim list =
SqlBuilder.Query("SELECT ...")
.WithConnection("...connection string...")
.WithParameter(userName)
.WithParameter(lastTrackId)
.RetrieveTopRows(10)
Your problem is you are using a clone detector that matches token sequences (thus it matches the end-of-block sequences you exhibited), as opposed to clone detectors that match code structures. While the token sequence is technically a clone, it isn't an interesting clone. Token clone detectors produce many many "false positive" clones like this, which simply waste your time.
It is easier to build token sequence detectors, which is why they built that into MS Studio.
If you want better detectors, you have to step outside of Studio.
You should look into clone detectors that match on abstract syntax trees. They don't produce this kind of false positive, and they can find clones with complex parameters (as opposed to single-token parameters).
You should also understand that just because something has been identified as a clone, that it is not always easy or possible to refactor it away. The language you have may not have sufficiently strong abstraction mechanisms to handle that case.
I'm using GameMaker:Studio Pro and trying to execute a script stored in a variable as below:
script = close_dialog;
script_execute(script);
It doesn't work. It's obviously looking for a script named "script". Anyone know how I can accomplish this?
This question's quite old now, but in case anyone else ends up here via google (as I did), here's something I found that worked quite well and avoids the need for any extra data structures as reference:
scriptToCall = asset_get_index(scr_scriptName);
script_execute(scriptToCall);
The first line here creates the variable scriptToCall and then assigns to it Game Maker's internal ID number for the script you want to call. This allows script_execute to correctly find the script from the ID, which doesn't work if you try to pass it a string containing the script name.
I'm using this to define which scripts should be called in a particular situation from an included txt file, hence the need to convert a string into an addressable script ID!
You seem to have some confusion over how Game Maker works, so I will try to address this before I get around to the actual question.
GML is a rather simple-minded beast, it only knows two data types: strings and numbers. Everything else (objects, sprites, scripts, data structures, instances and so on) is represented with a number in your GML code.
For example, you might have an object called "Player" which has all kinds of fancy events, but to the code Player is just a constant number which you can (e.g.) print out with show_message(string(Player));
Now, the function script_execute(script) takes as argument the ID of the script that should be executed. That ID is just a normal number. script_execute will find the script with that ID in some internal table and then run the script.
In other words, instead of calling script_execute(close_dialog) you could just as well call script_execute(14) if you happened to know that the ID of close_dialog is 14 (although that is bad practice, since it make the code difficult to understand and brittle against ID changes).
Now it should be obvious that assigning the numeric value of close_dialog to a variable first and then calling script_execute on that variable is perfectly OK. In the end, script_execute only cares about the number that is passed, not about the name of the variable that this number comes from.
If you are thinking ahead a bit, you might wonder whether you need script_execute at all then, or if you could instead just do this:
script = close_dialog;
script();
In my opinion, it would be perfectly fine to allow this in the language, but it does not work - the function call operator actually does care about the name of the thing you try to call.
Now with that background out of the way, on to your actual question. If close_dialog is actually a script, your suggested code will work fine. If it is an extension function (or a built-in function -- I don't own Studio so what do I know) then it does not actually have an ID, and you can't call it with script_execute. In fact, you can't even assign close_dialog to a variable then because it does not have any value in GML -- all you can do with it then is call it. To work around this though, you could create a script (say, close_dialog_script which only calls close_dialog, which you can then use just as above.
Edit: Since it does not seem to work anyway, check whether you have a different resource by the name of close_dialog (perhaps a button sprite). This kind of conflict could mean that close_dialog gives you the ID of the sprite, not of the script, while calling the script directly would still work.
After much discussion on the forums, I ended up going with this method.
I wrote a script called script_id()
var sid;
sid = 6; //6 = scriptnotfound script :)
switch (argument0) {
case "load_room":
sid = 0;
break;
case "show_dialog":
sid = 1;
break;
case "close_dialog":
sid = 3;
break;
case "scrExample":
sid = 4;
break;
}
return sid;
So now I can call script_execute(script_id("close_dialog"));
I hate it, but it's better than keeping a spreadsheet... in my opinion.
There's also another way, with execute_string();
Should look like this:
execute_string(string(scriptName) + "();");
I haven't used tcl before and just need to do one trick, I can do it trivially in something like bash but I need it to work cross-platform (e.g. tcl in cygwin on windows).
Can someone suggest a short (5-10) obfuscated function that just returns 0 after taking two string args? It just can't do something like run shell commands that won't work under Mac/Cygwin.
fwiw, why do this: buying some time in writing a test- the thing generating one of the files is broken but I can't change it, making a hack in the TCL test script until I make extensive changes to use a different 'test core' that isn't broken. For now just declare the first file as 'good' if it exists.
I don't understand the requirement for obfuscation, but the simplest way to create a command that takes two arguments and returns 0 is this:
proc theCommandName {firstArgument secondArgument} {
return 0
}
There are all sorts of ways of making things obscure (e.g., a regular expression that doesn't actually match anything, a complicated expression) but as I said before, I don't understand the requirement in that area; I always try to make my code be the simplest thing that could possibly work…
First, i admit all the things i will ask are about our homework but i assure you i am not asking without struggling at least two hours.
Description: We are supposed to add a field called max_cpu_percent to task_struct data type and manipulate process scheduling algorithm so that processes can not use an higher percentage of the cpu.
for example if i set max_cpu_percent field as 20 for the process firefox, firefox will not be able to use more than 20% of the cpu.
We wrote a system call to set max_cpu_percent field. Now we need to see if the system call works or not but we could not get the value of the max_cpu_percent field from a user-spaced program.
Can we do this? and how?
We tried proc/pid/ etc can we get the value using this util?
By the way, We may add additional questions here if we could not get rid of something else
Thanks All
Solution:
The reason was we did not modify the code block writing the output to the proc queries.
There are some methods in array.c file (fs/proc/array.c) we modified the function so that also print the newly added fields value. kernel is now compiling we'll see the result after about an hour =)
It Worked...
(If you simply extended getrlimit/setrlimit, then you'd be done by now…)
There's already a mechanism where similar parts of task_struct are exposed: /proc/$PID/stat (and /proc/$PID/$TID/stat). Look for functions proc_tgid_stat and proc_tid_stat. You can add new fields to the ends of these files.