I'm using Visual Studio 2010 to build a c# project that has both x86 and x64 targets. When I build using the IDE, I get the correct result of x64 and x86 targets.
When I use msbuild on the command line, I get everything built in x86, even though i specify x64 on the command line.
I didn't have this problem until I upgraded from .Net 4.0 to .Net 4.5.
With .Net 4.0 I was able to get my x64 targets even if I specified x86 on the command line.
I did a build in the .Net 4.0 environment and then another build in the .Net 4.5 environment and piped the output into log files. I noticed some differences in the log files but I think this is what is causing my issue:
In .Net 4.0 I see this line in the log file:
/reference:C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\Microsoft.CSharp\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\Microsoft.CSharp.dll
In .Net 4.5 I see this line in the log file:
/r:"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework.NETFramework\v4.0\Microsoft.CSharp.dll"
Any ideas? It seams .Net 4.5 is using an x86 specific path.
This could happen if your solution's x64 configuration is configured to build project as AnyCPU. A new configuration option in .Net 4.5, Prefer 32 bit, makes executables with Prefer32bit flag to start up as 32-bit processes on 64 bit machine. Since Prefer32bit flag is default in MSBuild targets, you will see the behavior you describe, i.e. upgrading from .Net 4.0 to .Net 4.5 will have your AnyCPU project to switch from 64 bit to 32 bit.
To make project (not solution) built for x64, specify it on command line:
msbuild project.csproj /p:Platform=x64
Notice, the command line is for .csproj, not for .sln.
Alternatively, verify you solution configuration in Configuration Manger and make sure it gets built as x64.
Related
I have an ASP.NET Core 1.1.2 project targeting .NET Framework 4.6.2. I recently installed the latest version of Visual Studio (15.2 26430.16), and now I can't build the project using MSBuild version 15.1.1012.6693. The error occurs when using a PublishProfile.
The MSBuild command is:
msbuild D:\project\project.csproj /p:DeployOnBuild=true /p:PublishProfile=dist
And the error is:
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\MSBuild\Sdks\Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Publish\build\netstandard1.0\TransformTargets\Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Publish.TransformFiles.targets(54,5):
error MSB4062: The "TransformWebConfig" task could not be loaded from the assembly C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\MSBuild\Sdks\Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Publish\build\netstandard1.0\..\..\tools\net46\\Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Publish.Tasks.dll.
Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\MSBuild\Sdks\Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Publish\tools\net46\Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Publish.Tasks.dll' or one of its dependencies.
An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format.
Confirm that the <UsingTask> declaration is correct, that the assembly and all its dependencies are available, and that the task contains a public class that implements Microsoft.Build.Framework.ITask.
[D:\project\project.csproj]
It works when not specifying a publish profile. However when publishing the project from Visual Studio, everything works as expected.
This is known bug of the tooling when building using the 64 bit MSBuild version (build server, command line). See this GitHub issue for details.
Since this issue has been fixed, you need to upgrade to the recently released 15.3.* versions of Visual Studio / MSBuild and probably also 2.0.0 version of the .NET Core SDK.
I'm using Visual studio 2013 and I'm want to compile my project for linux (with MONO).
Is this possible to use VS2013 (with or without mono plugin) to compile my project to MONO file?
Yes, you'll be fine to use VS to build a .NET project that can run against Mono.
You'll be fine with the stock csc compiler and MSBuild (as both csc and the Mono compiler generate CIL all the same) just make sure that your project references Mono's assemblies rather than .NET's where there are breaking differences (e.g. System.Windows.Forms, etc). If you're doing ASP.NET or Console applications you should be fine without doing anything special.
As long as you use the versions of the DLLs that come from nuget instead of the references that are added by default by Visual Studio you should be fine, provided you recompile everything with xbuild.
At the moment there are some minor differences in the CIL that is outputted by msbuild and what the mono VM can run.
Just run xbuild in the root directory of your solution or project. It will detect the .sln/.proj file and build everything.
i've made an assembly in the .net framework that I intend to publish to the GAC but I can't find the gacutil utlity.
I've been googling a while and I've found a lot of suggestions, but nothing works:
Copy the assemby to %window%\assemby [DOES NOT WORK]
Copy the assemby to %window%\Microsoft.NET\assembly [DOES NOT
WORK]
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v6.0A\Bin\gacutil.exe /i
"assembly" [returns an error: this assembly is built by a runtime newer
than the currently loaded runtime and cannot be loaded]
Does anyone have idea to solve this?
If you've got VS2010 installed, you ought to find a .NET 4.0 gacutil at
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools
The 7.0A Windows SDK should have been installed alongside VS2010 - 6.0A will have been installed with VS2008, and hence won't have .NET 4.0 support.
VS 2012/13 Win 7 64 bit
gacutil.exe is located in
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v8.0A\bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools
There is no Gacutil included in the .net 4.0 standard installation. They have moved the GAC too, from %Windir%\assembly to %Windir%\Microsoft.NET\Assembly.
They havent' even bothered adding a "special view" for the folder in Windows explorer, as they have for the .net 1.0/2.0 GAC.
Gacutil is part of the Windows SDK, so if you want to use it on your developement machine, just install the Windows SDK for your current platform. Then you will find it somewhere like this (depending on your SDK version):
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools
There is a discussion on the new GAC here: .NET 4.0 has a new GAC, why?
If you want to install something in GAC on a production machine, you need to do it the "proper" way (gacutil was never meant as a tool for installing stuff on production servers, only as a development tool), with a Windows Installer, or with other tools. You can e.g. do it with PowerShell and the System.EnterpriseServices dll.
On a general note, and coming from several years of experience, I would personally strongly recommend against using GAC at all. Your application will always work if you deploy the DLL with each application in its bin folder as well. Yes, you will get multiple copies of the DLL on your server if you have e.g. multiple web apps on one server, but it's definitely worth the flexibility of being able to upgrade one application without breaking the others (by introducing an incompatible version of the shared DLL in the GAC).
There actually is now a GAC Utility for .NET 4.0. It is found in the Microsoft Windows 7 and .NET 4.0 SDK (the SDK supports multiple OSs -- not just Windows 7 -- so if you are using a later OS from Microsoft the odds are good that it's supported).
This is the SDK. You can download the ISO or do a Web install. Kind-of overkill to download the entire thing if all you want is the GAC Util; however, it does work.
We're using Cruse Control to manage our build process.
AS we convert vs2008 projects to vs2010, we're leaving the target framework set at 3.5 for web and class library projects.
At this point we're not going through and converting all our solutions to vs2010; not if we don't have to.
I recently updated the MSbuild project files that cruise control uses to point at MSBuild 4.0 so our build process would be able to build vs2010 projects.
C:\windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe
All was well until a web project that was targeting the 4.0 framework was committed.
At which point this error popped up:
CS0433: The type 'System.Web.Routing.RouteCollection' exists in both c:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\assembly\GAC_32\System.Web\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Web.dll and c:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.5\System.Web.Routing.dll in Global.asax.cs(15, 43)
At which point I became aware of the Windows/Microsoft.NET/Assembly folders.
Now... All the MSBuild projects, even though they were using MSBuild 4.0, still had the tools version set at 3.5.
So why was a 3.5 targeted build looking at the new 4.0 assembly folders and finding this conflict? Probably because I was using MSBuild 4.0. But if I can change the toolVersion that MSBuild uses, you'd think I can tell it to target 3.5 without worrying about these potential conflicts.
To resolve this issue, I went to the relevant MSBuild project files that cruise control uses and changed their toolsVersion to 4.0. This got passed that conflict error. But now everytime it tries to build a project that's in a solution that we haven't yet converted to a vs2010 project, it breaks with an error like this:
MyProject.csproj in SomeFilePath:
LC0000: 'Could not load file or assembly or one of its dependencies. This assembly is built by a runtime newer than the currently loaded runtime and cannot be loaded.' in LC(0, 0)
If I open the solution that contains that project in Visual Studio 2010 and do the conversion, build it and commit that and force another build, I get passed that error only to find that another not yet converted project is tossing that same error.
So now I am for sure using MSBuild 4.0 and for real targeting the 4.0 framework. Why can't 4.0 build 3.5 projects or vs2008 solution projects?
The issue is that you have migrated part of your projects to to visual studio 2010. Any 2008 project that references a 2010 project (by project reference) will give you this compile time error. Try updating all .csproj files to 2010 and try rebuilding again.
I installed the VS2010 and .NET 4.0, then I compiled an assembly and ran the gacutil using the exe available on
%ProgramFiles%\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools
The output of the executable said the assembly was sucessfully installed on Global Assembly Cache. However, when I go to %WINDIR%\assembly folder I cannot find the assembly I installed using the .NET Framework 4.0 gacutil.
I've seen some posts saying the .NET Framework 4.0 has a separated GAC, but what I haven't found was where it is located.
May someone to help me to check where can I see the Global Assembly Cache of .NET Framework, as it used to work on previous version (%WINDIR%\assembly)?
Yes, there are two distinct GACs as from .NET 4.0
See here: .NET 4.0 has a new GAC, why?
As stated below, the new physical location is %windir%\Microsoft.NET\assembly\ (you can interogate it using the dir command at a command prompt if you're interested).
It's worth noting that applications running up to the 2.0 CLR will not even be able to see assemblies in the new GAC.
Try:
%windir%\Microsoft.NET\assembly\
Due to Common Language Runtime (CLR) changes, the contents of the Global Assembly Cache (GAC) is split between two directories:
%WINDIR%\assembly\
%WINDIR%\Microsoft.NET\assembly\
If you run the command gacutil -l from the directory of your project's .csproj file, you will get a printout of the contents of the GAC (the contents of both directories).