String or binary data would be truncated. The statement has been terminated - sql

Question

I have met some problem with the SQL server, this is the function I created:
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[testing1](#price int)
RETURNS #trackingItems1 TABLE (
item nvarchar NULL,
warehouse nvarchar NULL,
price int NULL
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #trackingItems1(item, warehouse, price)
SELECT ta.item, ta.warehouse, ta.price
FROM stock ta
WHERE ta.price >= #price;
RETURN;
END;
When I write a query to use that function like the following it getting the error
String or binary data would be truncated. The statement has been terminated
How can I fix this problem?
select * from testing1(2)
This is the way I create the table
CREATE TABLE stock(item nvarchar(50) NULL,
warehouse nvarchar(50) NULL,
price int NULL);

Answer 1

When you define varchar etc without a length, the default is 1.
When n is not specified in a data definition or variable declaration statement, the default length is 1. When n is not specified with the CAST function, the default length is 30.
So, if you expect 400 bytes in the #trackingItems1 column from stock, use nvarchar(400).
Otherwise, you are trying to fit >1 character into nvarchar(1) = fail
As a comment, this is bad use of table value function too because it is "multi statement". It can be written like this and it will run better
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[testing1](#price int)
RETURNS
AS
SELECT ta.item, ta.warehouse, ta.price
FROM stock ta
WHERE ta.price >= #price;
Of course, you could just use a normal SELECT statement..

Answer 2

The maximal length of the target column is shorter than the value you try to insert.
Rightclick the table in SQL manager and go to 'Design' to visualize your table structure and column definitions.
Edit:
Try to set a length on your nvarchar inserts thats the same or shorter than whats defined in your table.

Answer 3

In my case, I was getting this error because my table had
varchar(50)
but I was injecting 67 character long string, which resulted in thi error. Changing it to
varchar(255)
fixed the problem.

Answer 4

Specify a size for the item and warehouse like in the [dbo].[testing1] FUNCTION
#trackingItems1 TABLE (
item nvarchar(25) NULL, -- 25 OR equal size of your item column
warehouse nvarchar(25) NULL, -- same as above
price int NULL
)
Since in MSSQL only saying only nvarchar is equal to nvarchar(1) hence the values of the column from the stock table are truncated

Answer 5

SQL Server 2016 SP2 CU6 and SQL Server 2017 CU12
introduced trace flag 460 in order to return the details of truncation warnings.
You can enable it at the query level or at the server level.
Query level
INSERT INTO dbo.TEST (ColumnTest)
VALUES (‘Test truncation warnings’)
OPTION (QUERYTRACEON 460);
GO
Server Level
DBCC TRACEON(460, -1);
GO
From SQL Server 2019 you can enable it at database level:
ALTER DATABASE SCOPED CONFIGURATION
SET VERBOSE_TRUNCATION_WARNINGS = ON;
The old output message is:
Msg 8152, Level 16, State 30, Line 13
String or binary data would be truncated.
The statement has been terminated.
The new output message is:
Msg 2628, Level 16, State 1, Line 30
String or binary data would be truncated in table 'DbTest.dbo.TEST', column 'ColumnTest'. Truncated value: ‘Test truncation warnings‘'.
In a future SQL Server 2019 release, message 2628 will replace message 8152 by default.