SQL adding two columns (datetime) - sql

I have two columns that contains datetimes and i need two add them together somehow. I've tried using sum but that didnt work. Im using sqlserver 2008.
Columns
loanPeriod = the loanperiod of the item
checkOutDate= when the item was borrowed
And Im trying to achieve this
lastreturndate = (checkoutDate + loanperiod)

select dateadd(month, loanperiod, checkoutdate) as lastreturndate

Most databases have a DATEADD() or DATEDIFF() function or similar.

Presumably, these are measured in days. So, you can do something like this:
select dateadd(day, datediff(day, 0, loanPeriod), checkoutDate)
It is odd to store the loan period as a datetime. If so, the date is going to look like some date early in the 1900s (unless the period is very long). The above converts it to days and then adds it to the check out date.

Related

Why is the result of datediff year in Firebird too high?

I have question about function datediff in firebird. When I try to diff two dates like 15.12.1999 and 30.06.2000 in sql like this
SELECT
SUM(datediff (YEAR, W.FROM, W.TO)),
SUM(datediff (MONTH, W.FROM, W.TO)),
SUM(datediff (DAY, W.FROM, W.TO))
FROM WORKERS W
WHEN W.ID=1
I get in result 1 year, 6 month and 198 days but it is not true with value years (of course result should be 0) How I have to write my query to get correct result in parameter year? In that link https://firebirdsql.org/refdocs/langrefupd21-intfunc-datediff.html in documentation there is information about this case but there is not how to solve this problem.
The documentation is not very clear, but I'm pretty sure that datediff() is counting the number of boundaries between two dates. (This is how the very similar function in SQL Server works.) Hence, for year, it is counting the number of "Dec 31st/Jan 1st" boundaries. This is explicitly explained in the documentation.
If you want a more accurate count, you can use a smaller increment. The following is pretty close:
(datediff(day, w.from, t.to) / 365.25) as years_diff

SQL SELECT date from table, and calculate how many days since that date

I'm looking to calculate how many days have passed since a specific date, retrieved from a table in my database. Based on the info I've found on W3Schools (Here), I have attempted using DATEDIFF, but am coming up against a couple of different errors I can't seem to work around.
I have included my code below, and based on this, what I want to happen is this: Select the "DD" from the "Wave_Data" table, and, based on "sysdate", work out how many days have lapsed since then.
SELECT DATEDIFF(WEEKDAY,:P1_DD,SYSDATE)
FROM WAVE_DATA
WHERE WAVE_NUMBER = :P1_WAVE;
The final calculation would then be inputted into a text field within my ApEx database.
Thank you in advance for any help you may be able to provide,
Dominic
In Oracle you can just subtract one Date from another to get the difference (in days) between them:
SELECT SYSDATE - :p1_dd
FROM Wave_Data
WHERE Wave_Number = :p1_wave;
If you want to know the difference between the dates without any time parts then you can do:
SELECT TRUNC( SYSDATE ) - TRUNC( :p1_dd )
FROM Wave_Data
WHERE Wave_Number = :p1_wave;
or
SELECT FLOOR( SYSDATE - :p1_dd )
FROM Wave_Data
WHERE Wave_Number = :p1_wave;

sqlalchemy select by date column only x newset days

suppose I have a table MyTable with a column some_date (date type of course) and I want to select the newest 3 months data (or x days).
What is the best way to achieve this?
Please notice that the date should not be measured from today but rather from the date range in the table (which might be older then today)
I need to find the maximum date and compare it to each row - if the difference is less than x days, return it.
All of this should be done with sqlalchemy and without loading the entire table.
What is the best way of doing it? must I have a subquery to find the maximum date? How do I select last X days?
Any help is appreciated.
EDIT:
The following query works in Oracle but seems inefficient (is max calculated for each row?) and I don't think that it'll work for all dialects:
select * from my_table where (select max(some_date) from my_table) - some_date < 10
You can do this in a single query and without resorting to creating datediff.
Here is an example I used for getting everything in the past day:
one_day = timedelta(hours=24)
one_day_ago = datetime.now() - one_day
Message.query.filter(Message.created > one_day_ago).all()
You can adapt the timedelta to whatever time range you are interested in.
UPDATE
Upon re-reading your question it looks like I failed to take into account the fact that you want to compare two dates which are in the database rather than today's day. I'm pretty sure that this sort of behavior is going to be database specific. In Postgres, you can use straightforward arithmetic.
Operations with DATEs
1. The difference between two DATES is always an INTEGER, representing the number of DAYS difference
DATE '1999-12-30' - DATE '1999-12-11' = INTEGER 19
You may add or subtract an INTEGER to a DATE to produce another DATE
DATE '1999-12-11' + INTEGER 19 = DATE '1999-12-30'
You're probably using timestamps if you are storing dates in postgres. Doing math with timestamps produces an interval object. Sqlalachemy works with timedeltas as a representation of intervals. So you could do something like:
one_day = timedelta(hours=24)
Model.query.join(ModelB, Model.created - ModelB.created < interval)
I haven't tested this exactly, but I've done things like this and they have worked.
I ended up doing two selects - one to get the max date and another to get the data
using the datediff recipe from this thread I added a datediff function and using the query q = session.query(MyTable).filter(datediff(max_date, some_date) < 10)
I still don't think this is the best way, but untill someone proves me wrong, it will have to do...

Retrieving how many transactions were made on a date in SQL?

I have a table named Sales and a column within it named Date. I'm simply trying to find how many sales were made on a specific date. My intuition was to use something like this:
SELECT COUNT(Date) FROM Sales WHERE Date='2015-04-04'
this should count all sales that were made on that date, but that returns 0. What am I doing wrong?
While it is difficult to be precise without table definitions or an indication of what RDBMS you are using, it is likely that Date is a time/date stamp, and that the result you want would be obtained either by looking for a range from the beginning of the day to the end of the day in your WHERE clause, or by truncating Date down to a date without the time before comparing it to a date.
Try the below once.
select count(*) from <t.n> where date like '2015-04-04%';
When you want to find the count of rows based on a field (Date) You need to Group By over it like this:
SELECT Date, COUNT(*)
FROM Sales
GROUP BY Date
Now you have all count of rows for each Date.
Type and Value of Date is important in the result of the above query.
For example in SQL Server your best try is to convert a DateTime field to varchar and then check it as the result of CONVERT like this:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM Sales
WHERE CONVERT(VARCHAR, Date, 111) = '2015/04/04'

How to break down smalldatetime into year, month, day indexes?

I am using SQL Server 2008.
I have some dates in my database that I "think" I want to break down into smaller parts. The dates are birthdays and death days. I want to be able to output them like by querying people who were born in October or on May 12th or in 1945.
I was told that a typical way of doing this is to take a date and break it into smaller pieces and put each piece of the date into its own column, like this:
2001-03-12 00:00:00 // EventDate column
Add these columns:
2001 // EventYear column
03 // EventMonth column
12 // EventDay column
First, is this a good way of doing this? If so, second, can I somehow have SQL Server automatically break the date part and put it into its own columns?
I'd appreciate ideas and solutions.
I would recommend that you leave it as a date column and then use DatePart in queries to filter results.
Select * from TABLEX
where DatePart(YEAR,EventDate) = 1945
It doesn't sound like the business requirement is very solidified. For what reason would you need to break out the different parts of the date? If you don't need to, then I wouldn't.
But, if you do find the necessity to do this then I'd utilize computed columns that are persisted. There wil lbe some overhead on an insert, but because there won't be any updates on existing data (your birthdate and death date won't change) then you won't see any performance overhead on a SELECT.
Something like this:
create table DateTest
(
SomeDate datetime not null,
SomeYear as datepart(yy, somedate) persisted,
SomeMonth as datepart(mm, somedate) persisted,
SomeDay as datepart(dd, somedate) persisted
)
Here is what I do.
I have a table "lib.Dates". It has a DATE as primary key.
It has additional columns with additional information to this date. This is for example day of month, day to end of month, week of year etc.
Joining this date table with dates allows me to:
* Get a list of all dates (for example grouping sales per person by date would have no entry for zero sales, this way it can have)
* Do funny things like all dates in week 23 of a year, which is normally harder to get.
This is part of a number of such tables that I have stored procedures maintain daily (-3 years, +5 years).