How do I open and read a file in C? - formatting

I'm starting a new program and one of the first steps is to read a file that was written in a previous program. The program fails to run between the fseek() line and the fread() line, I get the following error:
debug assertion failed
expression:(stream!=NULL)
My code is the following:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main (void)
{
int m = 0;
char stream[20];
FILE *fp;
/* opens a file which had data written into it in a previous program */
fp = fopen("codetree.bin", "r");
/* makes sure the file pointer is set at the beginning of the file */
fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
m = sizeof(stream);
fread(&stream, m, 1, fp);
/* ... */
}
If I add the following lines to check whether fopen was successful or not:
if (fp == NULL) {
printf("fopen() error...%s\n", strerror(errno));
}
I get the following error:
no such file or directory exists
What am I overlooking or missing in my code?

Related

./speaks: error while loading shared libraries: libespeak-ng.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

I have downloaded the last version of espeak-ng from github, and did ./autogen.sh ./configure make make install.
so I wrote a test program as you can see below:
#include <string.h>
#include <vector>
#include </usr/local/include/espeak-ng/speak_lib.h>
int samplerate; // determined by espeak, will be in Hertz (Hz)
const int buflength = 200; // passed to espeak, in milliseconds (ms)
std::vector<short> sounddata;
int SynthCallback(short *wav, int numsamples, espeak_EVENT *events) {
if (wav == NULL)
return 1; // NULL means done.
/* process your samples here, let's just gather them */
sounddata.insert(sounddata.end(), wav, wav + numsamples);
return 0; // 0 continues synthesis, 1 aborts
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[] ) {
char text[] = {"my name is espeak"};
samplerate = espeak_Initialize(AUDIO_OUTPUT_RETRIEVAL, buflength, NULL, 0);
espeak_SetSynthCallback(&SynthCallback);
espeak_SetVoiceByName("en");
unsigned int flags=espeakCHARS_AUTO | espeakENDPAUSE;
size_t size = strlen(text);
espeak_Synth(text, size + 1, 0, POS_CHARACTER, 0, flags, NULL, NULL);
espeak_Synchronize();
/* in theory sounddata holds your samples now... */
return 0;
}
And compiled it by this command without any errors:
g++ -W -o speaks espeak.cpp -lespeak-ng
But when I try to run the executable by ./speaks , I get this error message:
./speaks: error while loading shared libraries: libespeak-ng.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
What's the problem?
I know libespeak-ng.so.1 is here: /usr/local/lib/libespeak-ng.so.1
I solved the problem by adding these two lines to my `/etc/environment' file:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
On Ubuntu 18.04 this is caused by setting the wrong path for the library.
You can fix it by:
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libespeak-ng.so.1 /usr/lib/libespeak-ng.so.1

transform javascript to opcode using spidermonkey

i am new to spider monkey and want to use it for transform java script file to sequence of byte code.
i get spider monkey and build it in debug mode.
i want to use JS_CompileScript function in jsapi.h to compile javascript code and analysis this to get bytecode , but when in compile below code and run it , i get run time error.
the error is "Unhandled exception at 0x0f55c020 (mozjs185-1.0.dll) in spiderMonkeyTest.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0x00000d4c." and i do not resolve it.
any body can help me to resolve this or introducing other solutions to get byte code from javascript code by using spider monkey ?
// spiderMonkeyTest.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#define XP_WIN
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "jsapi.h"
#include "jsanalyze.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace js;
static JSClass global_class = { "global",
JSCLASS_NEW_RESOLVE | JSCLASS_GLOBAL_FLAGS,
JS_PropertyStub,
NULL,
JS_PropertyStub,
JS_StrictPropertyStub,
JS_EnumerateStub,
JS_ResolveStub,
JS_ConvertStub,
NULL,
JSCLASS_NO_OPTIONAL_MEMBERS
};
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) {
/* Create a JS runtime. */
JSRuntime *rt = JS_NewRuntime(16L * 1024L * 1024L);
if (rt == NULL)
return 1;
/* Create a context. */
JSContext *cx = JS_NewContext(rt, 8192);
if (cx == NULL)
return 1;
JS_SetOptions(cx, JSOPTION_VAROBJFIX);
JSScript *script;
JSObject *obj;
const char *js = "function a() { var tmp; tmp = 1 + 2; temp = temp * 2; alert(tmp); return 1; }";
obj = JS_CompileScript(cx,JS_GetGlobalObject(cx),js,strlen(js),"code.js",NULL);
script = obj->getScript();
if (script == NULL)
return JS_FALSE; /* compilation error */
js::analyze::Script *sc = new js::analyze::Script();
sc->analyze(cx,script);
JS_DestroyContext(cx);
JS_DestroyRuntime(rt);
/* Shut down the JS engine. */
JS_ShutDown();
return 1;
}
Which version of Spidermonkey are you using? I am using the one that comes with FireFox 10 so the API may be different.
You should create a new global object and initialize it by calling JS_NewCompartmentAndGlobalObject() and JS_InitStandardClasses() before compiling your script :
.....
/*
* Create the global object in a new compartment.
* You always need a global object per context.
*/
global = JS_NewCompartmentAndGlobalObject(cx, &global_class, NULL);
if (global == NULL)
return 1;
/*
* Populate the global object with the standard JavaScript
* function and object classes, such as Object, Array, Date.
*/
if (!JS_InitStandardClasses(cx, global))
return 1;
......
Note, the function JS_NewCompartmentAndGlobalObject() is obsolete now, check the latest JSAPI documentation for the version your are using. Your JS_CompileScript() call just try to retrieve a global object which has not been created and probably this causes the exception.
how about using function "SaveCompiled" ? it will save object/op-code (compiled javascript) to file

API for handling wait queues are not working

I have to make tasks as processes in Linux but I don't want the process to execute until all the processes are created. So I thought of moving the processes to wait queue soon after creation and wait until all processes are created.
#include <unistd.h> /* Symbolic Constants */
#include <sys/types.h> /* Primitive System Data Types */
#include <errno.h> /* Errors */
#include <stdio.h> /* Input/Output */
#include <stdlib.h> /* General Utilities */
#include <pthread.h> /* POSIX Threads */
#include <string.h> /* String handling */
#include <sched.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/wait.h> /* for wait_event_interruptible() & wake_up_interruptible() */
int done = 0;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(queue);
int main()
{
int pid1, pid2;
if ((pid1 = fork()) < 0) //create a child process
exit(1);
if ((pid2 = fork()) < 0) //create a child process
exit(1);
if (pid1 == 0) //child process
{
wait_event_interruptible(queue, done == 2);
printf("child 1\n");
}
else //parent process
{
done = done+1;
wake_up_interruptible(&queue);
}
if (pid2 == 0) //child process
{
wait_event_interruptible(queue, done == 2);
printf("child 2\n");
}
else //parent process
{
done = done+1;
wake_up_interruptible(&queue);
}
return 0;
}
But when I tried this sample code it shows these errors.
$ gcc -Wall try.c
try.c:18:8: warning: type defaults to ‘int’ in declaration of ‘DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD’ [-Wimplicit-int]
try.c:18:1: warning: parameter names (without types) in function declaration [enabled by default]
try.c: In function ‘main’:
try.c:33:6: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘wait_event_interruptible’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
try.c:33:31: error: ‘queue’ undeclared (first use in this function)
try.c:33:31: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
try.c:39:2: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘wake_up_interruptible’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
try.c: At top level:
try.c:18:8: warning: ‘DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD’ declared ‘static’ but never defined [-Wunused-function]
When I checked $ man wait_event_interruptible, it says "No manual entry for wait_event_interruptible". So the API is missing in the library. How can I add it to the library? Thanks in advance.
wait_event_interruptible(), wake_up_interruptible() are some of the Kernel's API to create and use wait queues. You cannot use those from the user-land!
If I understand your purpose correctly, what you need to do is to create N processes barrier. If you know the number of the processes (N), you can easily use semaphores: initialize the semaphore with zero, all processes call down() and the last process calls up() N times. You can also use message queues.
You can also use the Linux API for barriers: pthread_barrier_wait and pthread_barrier_init, but I have not used this before.

What is a FILE * type in Cocoa,and how properly use it?

I'm trying to run Bash commands from my Cocoa APP. And receive the output. I'm executing all that commands, with Admin Privilege.
How to get output from Admin Priveleges bash script, called from Cocoa?
I guess I need FILE * type to store output, but I don't know how to use it.
What is FILE * type? And how should I use it?
FILE * is a C type and it hasn't got anything to do with Cocoa. It is a handle for an opened file. Here is an example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main () {
FILE *file;
file = fopen("myfile.txt", "w"); // open file
if (!file) { // file couldn't be opened
return 1;
}
fputs("fopen example", file); // write to file
fclose(file);
return 0;
}
In Cocoa, you should normally use NSString's and NSData's writeToURL:atomically:encoding:error: and writeToURL:atomically: methods, respectively.
FILE is an ANSI C structure is used for file handling. fopen function return a file pointer. This pointer, points to a structure that contains information about the file, such as the location of a buffer, the current character position in the buffer, whether the file is being read or written, and whether errors or end of file have occurred. Users don't need to know the details, because the definitions obtained from stdio.h include a structure declaration called FILE. The only declaration needed for a file pointer is exemplified by
FILE *fp;
FILE *fopen(char *name, char *mode);
This says that fp is a pointer to a FILE, and fopen returns a pointer to a FILE. Notice that
FILE is a type name, like int, not a structure tag; it is defined with a typedef.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE * pFile;
char buffer [100];
pFile = fopen ("myfile.txt" , "r");
if (pFile == NULL) perror ("Error opening file");
else
{
while ( ! feof (pFile) )
{
if ( fgets (buffer , 100 , pFile) != NULL )
fputs (buffer , stdout);
}
fclose (pFile);
}
return 0;
}
This example reads the content of a text file called myfile.txt and sends it to the standard output stream.

EXC_BAD_ACCESS, standard c library "open" on iphone?

Pretty straightforward question,
no matter what I do the app crashes on attempting to call open(), below is a part of the code that is relevant. filename is not a garbage value, and contains an absolute path to the file. This fails on the device and the simulator.
printf of filename returns:
/Users/programmingstation7/Library/Application Support/iPhone
Simulator/4.3/Applications/E2BD16DB-FFBA-45D2-B425-96C981380B85/Documents/issue2.zip
relevant backtrace:
#0 0x002132dc in open ()
#1 0x000ddcec in -[ExternalZipInstaller
unzipTheFile] (self=0x68a8d60, _cmd=0x1483f3) at
ExternalZipInstaller.mm:261
code:
#include <stdio.h> /* Standard input/output definitions */
#include <string.h> /* String function definitions */
#include <unistd.h> /* UNIX standard function definitions */
#include <fcntl.h> /* File control definitions */
#include <errno.h> /* Error number definitions */
#include <termios.h> /* POSIX terminal control definitions */
#ifndef O_BINARY
#define O_BINARY 0
#endif
- (void) unzipTheFile
{
BOOL success = YES;
const char* filename = [self.zipName UTF8String];
open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
The documentation for the UTF8String method of NSString has the following note:
The returned C string is automatically freed just as a returned object
would be released; you should copy the C string if it needs to store
it outside of the autorelease context in which the C string is
created.
I think you need to copy the resulting string into your own buffer instead of just pointing to it. The ObjC garbage collector could be deleting your string from under you. Try this instead:
const char filename[MAX_PATH];
strcpy(filename, [self.zipName UTF8String], MAX_PATH);
open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);