htaccess: Conditional Authentication - apache

How can i configure this in my apache/htaccess configuration:
I want HTTP-Authentication for all files with one exception.
The files click.php and js/clickheat.js may be accessed from 1.2.3.4 without any authentication.
I tried FilesMatch, but i can't invert it. So i can't put require valid-user in there. I thought using SetEnv, but how do i check for it later?
<FilesMatch "(click\.php|clickheat\.js)">
# what here?
</FilesMatch>
My other idea was to use mod_rewrite. Well, i can allow access to the two files from the given host and deny it from anywhere else. But how do i chain it with HTTP-Authentication?
# allows access to two files from the given IP
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} 1\.2\.3\.4
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/click.php [OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/js/clickheat\.js
RewriteRule (.*) - [L]
# denies everything else
RewriteRule (.*) - [F,L]
So my favourite solution would be enabling HTTP-Auth via RewriteCond/RewriteRule.
Background (or why i want to do this): I'm trying to secure a clickheat (http://www.labsmedia.com/clickheat/index.html) installation. And 1.2.3.4 is the remote running mod_proxy and redirecting access to these to files to our clickheat host.

Ok, i found a solution:
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from All
Satisfy Any
AuthType Basic
AuthName "clickheat"
AuthUserFile /var/www/clickheat/.htpasswd
Require valid-user
<FilesMatch "(click\.php|clickheat\.js)">
Deny from All
Allow from 1.2.3.4
</FilesMatch>
The key is the Satisfy Any which allows either IP- or Auth-based access.

Related

How to bypass htpasswd auth on a specific route

mi site has apache authorization but I need to allow access to a certain url request. This url request does not represent an existing file or directory.
This is my .htaccess:
First i tried this approach:
AuthName "Required login"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile C:\path\to\apache\.htpasswd
Require expr %{REQUEST_URI} =~ ^specialUrl$
Require valid-user
This gives me an internal server error 500
I've tried:
%{REQUEST_URI} == ^specialUrl$
"%{REQUEST_URI} =~ ^specialUrl$"
I'm not sure how the expression is supposed to be evaluated. I guess i have a syntax error.
Second approach:
As i've seen on this other answer I tried setting an env variable
## Grant access to webhook uri
SetEnvIf Request_URI ^/specialUri noauth=1
## Auth config
AuthName "Required login"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile C:\path\to\apache\.htpasswd
Require valid-user
## Allow Deny
Order Deny,Allow
Satisfy any
Deny from all
Allow from env=noauth
This resulted on a 401 error Authentication Required when I POST from a http client.
Authentication required!
This server could not verify that you are authorized to access
the URL
"/specialUri".
You either supplied the wrong credentials (e.g., bad password), or your
browser doesn't understand how to supply the credentials required.
In case you are allowed to request the document, please
check your user-id and password and try again.
.htaccess file:
## Grant access to webhook uri
SetEnvIf Request_URI "\specialUri" noauth
## Auth config
AuthName "Required login"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile C:\path\to\.htpasswd
## Allow Deny
Order Deny,Allow
Satisfy any
Deny from all
Require valid-user
Allow from env=noauth
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
<IfModule mod_negotiation.c>
Options -MultiViews
</IfModule>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ /$1 [L,R=301]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Authorization} ^(.*)
RewriteRule .* - [e=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%1]
</IfModule>
I don't really understand why but it seemed that there was a redirection on my site. This was fixed adding another allow directive:
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Required login"
AuthUserFile C:\path\to\.htpasswd
Require valid-user
SetEnvIf Request_URI "mySpecialUri$" allow
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from env=webhook
Allow from env=REDIRECT_noauth
Allow from 127.0.0.1
Satisfy any
Note that SetEnvIf Request_URI "mySpecialUri$" is using the latest part of the uri. This is because the redirection I mentioned was generating a longer uri.
The Allow from env=REDIRECT_noauth fixed the problem

use basic auth based on query_string

I'm trying to protect urls containing a specific string:
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} foo
RewriteRule - [E=NEED_AUTH:1]
Options -Indexes
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
Order allow,deny
allow from all
satisfy any
deny from env=NEED_AUTH
Require valid-user
I suppose this should bring up the authentication dialog when loading
index.php?format=foo
but it doesn't work. I tried several other RewriteConds like for example
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} format=foo
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^format=foo$
with no luck. Using
RewriteLog "/var/log/apache2/rewrite.log"
RewriteLogLevel 3
doesn't log anything.
Any suggestions? :)
To add to Jon's answer, I had a similar issue as the OP. But I found that allow from env=!NEED_AUTH was not working so I had to reverse it in the Rewrite Condition RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} !format=foo and then reverse the allow allow from env=NEED_AUTH. So, here is the snippet that works:
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} !foo=bar
RewriteRule ^ - [E=NO_AUTH:1]
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
AuthType basic
AuthName "Auth Needed"
AuthUserFile "/etc/httpd/conf.d/.htpasswd"
Require valid-user
Allow from env=NO_AUTH
Satisfy Any
Make sure you've turned on the rewrite engine using RewriteEngine On. Also, there's an error in your RewriteRule:
RewriteRule - [E=NEED_AUTH:1]
Needs to have 2 parameters before the flags:
RewriteRule ^ - [E=NEED_AUTH:1]
Aside from that, it doesn't look like you've setup authentication correctly. You'll need a AuthName to define the realm, apache won't do authentication without it. And I don't think you can force authentication with a allow from all, you might need to do this the other way around, by denying all and allow from env=!NEED_AUTH
As described here (Apache permissions based on querystring), I cannot get the combination of "RewriteRule" and "Allow from env" working in Apache 2.4.6.

.htaccess "Allow from env" disables SSLRequire

Using Apache, I force HTTPS on a folder:
SSLOptions +StrictRequire
SSLRequireSSL
SSLRequire %{HTTP_HOST} eq "www.example.com"
ErrorDocument 403 https://www.example.com/admin/
and I protect the folder using Apache AuthBasic:
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Administration"
AuthUserFile /path/to/my/.htpasswd
Require valid-user
Satisfy all
Like this, the password is always sent over HTTPS. It works well, but then I tried to disable authentication for a single URL:
SetEnvIf Request_URI "crm/index\.php$" removeme_uri
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from env=removeme_uri
Satisfy any
This URL does not ask for authentication, and the others do. So all is well, but HTTPS is not required anymore, and the password can be sent in clear !
What am I doing wrong here ?
Thanks to Jon's answer, I could try different solutions. I found this question and applied the answer to my situation:
In the main directory, the .htaccess contains
SSLOptions +StrictRequire
SSLRequireSSL
SSLRequire %{HTTP_HOST} eq "www.example.com"
ErrorDocument 403 https://www.example.com/admin/
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Administration"
AuthUserFile /path/to/my/.htpasswd
Require valid-user
Satisfy all
And in the crm subdirectory, the .htaccess has:
<FilesMatch "index\.php">
Allow from all
Satisfy any
</FilesMatch>
It forces the SSL in any case, and allows the access to crm/index.php.
This is kind of weird, because the Satisfy directive affects access restrictions, and eventhough the SSLRequireSSL and SSLRequire affect SSL, they're considered part of access restriction. So when you use Satisfy Any when allowing access to a URI to pass through without the need for valid-user, it also made it so the SSL access requirement is part of that Any. And since the options for Satisfy is either All or Any, you can't say "this one always, but these other 2 any".
You may have to use something like mod_rewrite to force SSL in your htaccess file:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !on
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}/$1 [R=301,L]

Can an htpasswd apply to all URLs except one?

I have an htaccess setup for my domain, but I want one specific URL to not have htpasswd protection. That URL is a rewritten URL and doesn't have an actual directory associated with it.
Is there a way to use the root htaccess to htpasswd protect the entire site except for that one specific URL?
Edit (my code, including Jon Lin's suggestion, which isn't working for me):
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =subdomain.example.com
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [L]
SetEnvIf Request_URI "^/messenger/parse" NOPASSWD=true
AuthUserFile /xxx/xxx/xxx/xxxxxx/subdomain.example.com/.htpasswd
AuthName "Staging Server"
AuthType Basic
Order Deny,Allow
Satisfy any
Deny from all
Require valid-user
Allow from env=NOPASSWD
You can setup something like SetEnvIf to set an environment variable for a given Request URI. Then in the auth definition, you can use the Satisfy Any and Allow from env directives to tell apache that access can be granted either by authentication or if the environment variable exists (which is only set for a specific URI). Example:
# set the NOPASSWD variable if the request is for a specific URI
SetEnvIf Request_URI "^/specific/uri/nopasswd/$" NOPASSWD=true
# Auth directives
AuthUserFile /var/www/htpasswd
AuthName "Password Protected"
AuthType Basic
Order Deny,Allow
# Any requirment satisfies
Satisfy any
# Deny all requests
Deny from all
# except if user is authenticated
Require valid-user
# or if NOPASSWD is set
Allow from env=NOPASSWD

Apache .htaccess redirect to HTTPS before asking for user authentication

This is my .htaccess:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
AuthUserFile /etc/hi
AuthName "hi"
AuthType Basic
require valid-user
It asks for user authentication using http, meaning that password will be sent in plain text. It will than redirect to the https version and ask the password again.
How can i fix it?
If you're running Apache 2.4 you can use configuration sections to solve this quite easily.
Eg...
# Redirect to HTTPS
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R,L]
# Authenticate users only when using HTTPS
# Enable for <v2.4
# SSLRequireSSL
# ErrorDocument 403 /secure-folder/
# Enable for >v2.4
<If "%{HTTPS} == 'on'">
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Special things"
AuthUserFile /etc/blah.htpasswd
# Prevent this 'Require' directive from overriding any merged previously
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
AuthMerging And
</IfVersion>
Require valid-user
# Enable for >v2.4
</If>
I get around it this way. Just allow Non-SSL since it will be redirected then require auth once on SSL...
SetEnvIf %{SERVER_PORT} ^80$ IS_NON_SSL
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
AuthUserFile /etc/hi
AuthName "hi"
AuthType Basic
require valid-user
Allow from env=IS_NON_SSL
Thank you very much, Istador!
My Apache is of version 2.2 (Synology NAS DSM 5.1) so these two do not work on it:
RewriteOptions Inherit
IfVersion
After taking them (and the section of version >= 2.4) out. The whole thing began to work for me.
There are a lot suggestions out there for this topic, I spent two days to try them out.
But only this one works for me.
Here's what I did:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule ^.*$ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
AuthType Basic
AuthName "private area"
AuthUserFile /path/to/file/.htdigest
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Satisfy Any
Allow from env=!HTTPS
Require valid-user
So it's verified to work on Apache 2.2, Synology DSM 5.1.
The checked solution https://stackoverflow.com/a/15940387/2311074 does work on Firefox on Ubuntu 16.04, but it does not work on Firefox on Win 7.
If you want to protect your folder https://yourdomain.com/securefolder
then you need to create in that folder a .htaccess with the following content:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
SSLRequireSSL
ErrorDocument 403 https://yourdomain.com/securefolder
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Admin"
AuthUserFile /outside/your/www/folder/.htpasswd
Require user admin Admin
The way it works is that when you are calling the website through http:// instead of https:// it will redirect you to the error page. The trick is to use the correct link with the https:// as your default error page.
I'm running Apache 2.2 and none of the above solutions worked for me. I found a workaround for me here. Basically, you need to set SSLRequireSSL and use some script language in the ErrorDocument to forward users to HTTPS. Unfortunately, in my case this only works when accessing particular files on the server, it does NOT work if just the domain is provided. Here is what I did:
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Password Protected Area"
AuthUserFile /my/path/to/.htpasswd
#Require valid-user
<FilesMatch "(^(?!ssl.php).*)">
SSLRequireSSL
ErrorDocument 403 /ssl.php
Require valid-user
</FilesMatch>
The regex in FileMatch tells apache to SSLRequireSSL for all files except ssl.php - and forward the user to ssl.php if he tries to access without SSL.
My ssl.php looks like this:
if(!isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) || $_SERVER['HTTPS'] == "" || $_SERVER['HTTPS'] == "off")
{
$redirect = "https://".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
header("HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently");
header("Location: $redirect");
exit;
}
What now happens:
Opening http://example.com/some/file.php forwards to
https://example.com/some/file.php and asks for username &
password.
Opening https://example.com/ connects via https and asks for u/p
Opening https://example.com/some/file.php does basically the same.
Opening http://example.com/ forwards to some default apache server page
The last point is what I am not happy with, if someone has a solution for that, I'd be glad to hear about it. Things I tried to solve this issue:
Changed the regular expression to (^$)|(^(?!ssl.php).*) to explicitly also match empty strings. Did not work
Added a rewrite rule to rewrite an empty string to index.php. Does not work either.
Our client's webapp is installed in his webuser directory. Authorisation is handled before mod_rewrite rules (https://serverfault.com/a/443185/253111), and we could not get the accepted answer to work, so mod_rewrite seemed not an option.
Eventually we explicitly required SSL and used the webapp's root over HTTPS as 403 and 404 error documents. So when one visits any page over HTTP (which is unauthorized, hence the 403) or a non existing page (404), he is being redirected to ie. https://DOMAIN.TLD/~WEBUSER/admin.
This is the .htaccess file with some extra info in the comments.
### INFO: Rewrites and redirects are handled after authorisation
### #link https://serverfault.com/a/443185/253111
### INFO: Log out of a HTPASSWD session
### This was not always possible, but Firefox and Chrome seem to end sessions
### when a new one is trying to be using ie.:
### https://logout:logout#DOMAIN.TLD/~WEBUSER/
### #link http://stackoverflow.com/a/1163884/328272
### FORCE SSL: Explicitly require the SSL certificate of a certain domain to
### disallow unsigned certificates, etc. ErrorDocument commands are used to
### redirect the user to an HTTPS URL.
### #link http://forum.powweb.com/showthread.php?t=61566
SSLOptions +StrictRequire
SSLRequireSSL
SSLRequire %{HTTP_HOST} eq "DOMAIN.TLD"
### HTPASSWD AUTHENTICATION
AuthUserFile /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.TLD/web_users/WEBUSER/.htpasswd
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Hello"
Require valid-user
### ERROR DOCUMENTS: Redirect user in case of a 403 / 404.
ErrorDocument 403 https://DOMAIN.TLD/~WEBUSER/admin
ErrorDocument 404 https://DOMAIN.TLD/~WEBUSER/admin
Here is the only solution that worked in one of my configurations:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
<If "%{SERVER_PORT} != '80'">
AuthUserFile /etc/hi
AuthName "hi"
AuthType Basic
require valid-user
</If>
Notably, this is for an Apache 2.4 over which I have no control (shared hosting). It seems that the %{HTTPS} variable is not defined on this config, and any solution based on SSLRequireSSL generated a 500 Internal Server Error.
(Side note: In case you prefer a 403 Forbidden instead of a 301 Permanent Redirect when serving HTTP requests, use RewriteRule ^(.*)$ - [F,L] instead)
Molomby's solution works in 2.4 and higher, but doesn't work with the current Debian version 2.2.22.
Ben's / Chris Heald's solutions also didn't work for me in 2.2.22, but that was due to a different order/satisfy configuration. These settings have changed with 2.4 and the solution seems to be incompatible with 2.4 and above (the redirect works, but the browser is just displaying an unauthorized error without asking for credentials).
Here is a combination of both solutions that should work for versions below and above 2.4:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteOptions Inherit # rewrite rules from parent directories
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule ^.*$ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
AuthType Digest
AuthName "private area"
AuthDigestProvider file
AuthUserFile /path/to/file/.htdigest
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Satisfy Any # reset this to 'All' in custom <Files> and <Directory> directives that block access
Allow from env=!HTTPS
Require valid-user
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
<If "%{HTTPS} == 'on'">
AuthMerging And
Require valid-user
</If>
</IfVersion>
Requirements: mod_rewrite, mod_auth, mod_digest, mod_version
None of the above worked for me, but this did. My only concern is if there are certain conditions whereby the auth is not triggered allowing someone access without the credentials. I'm not sure there are, but maybe you bright people may say otherwise.
This code redirects non-www to www and http to https, with .htaccess folder auth.
This is the contents of the htaccess file in the directory you want to protect:
RewriteEngine on
# ensure www.
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.%{HTTP_HOST}/foldername/$1 [L,R=301]
# ensure https
RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} !https
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}/foldername/$1 [L,R=301]
# Apache 2.4 If
<If "%{HTTPS} == 'on' && %{HTTP_HOST} =~ /www/">
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Protected folder"
AuthUserFile "/home/etc/.htpasswds/public_html/foldername/passwd"
require valid-user
</If>