This question already has answers here:
Closed 10 years ago.
Possible Duplicate:
What does the colon sign “:” do in a SQL query?
Simple SQL question:
What does : stand for?
For example:
SELECT * FROM myTable
WHERE Employee_column = :P_EmplId;
The : isn't exactly easy to google when you don't know what this is called. Even searching here didn't help. I'm using Oracle 11g if that makes any difference.
It is a bind variable:
A placeholder in a SQL statement that must be replaced with a valid
value or value address for the statement to execute successfully. By
using bind variables, you can write a SQL statement that accepts
inputs or parameters at run time. The following example shows a query
that uses v_empid as a bind variable:
Most likely you took the query from a template. It is meant to be processed with php's MDB2 sql framework. The ":" (colon) signals a placeholder in the statement, meant to be replaced when the query is executed.
Related
This question already has answers here:
How to avoid variable substitution in Oracle SQL Developer
(5 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
I'm using Oracle Developer to execute the SQL queries. I got this popup:
Enter value for precaution
when I'm trying to execute an insert query. Does anyone know why I'm getting this popup?
It would be simpler to answer if you posted statement you ran.
Meanwhile, that's probably because insert contains & which indicates a bind variable. Something like this:
insert into test (name) values ('Is this what&precaution?');
What to do? Run set define off first, then run the insert.
When trying to do an SQL injection on an Oracle SQL database I have the problem that most of the examples in the tutorials do not work. I already found out that I only can use CASE WHEN a THEN b ELSE c END instead of normal if statements.
The question I have now is how do I get time delay into the injection? Benchmark() and sleep() do not work either.
I already now that the table is named "flag" and the field name I want to read out is named "password".
My only information i get from the database is the time it needed to execute my input (or query since I bypass the input to inject SQL)
I found the following SQL statement on the web at SQL Injection Tutorial
select dbms_pipe.receive_message(('a'),10) from dual;
I am not certain I should be participating in this sort of thing, but since I found it with my first Google Search, I will go ahead and post it.
I tested it and it delayed the result by 10 seconds.
I have the following SQL script (all names replaced with metasyntactic variables):
DELETE FROM FOO
WHERE UPPER(BAR)=? AND UPPER(BAZ)=? AND UPPER(QUX)=? AND UPPER(QUUX)=? AND UPPER(CORGE)=?;
When I run it in SQL Developer, I get the following error, as expected: SQL Error: Missing IN or OUT parameter at index:: 1
Is there a way in SQL Developer to pass test parameters to these values (in this case, BAR, BAZ, QUX, QUUX, and CORGE) or do I have to manually replace the question marks? Thanks!
UPDATE: I've been looking on the internet to try to find the answer with no luck; none of the articles I found deal with the FOO=? syntax. I know that that is the proper syntax to access (and in this case, delete from) the database from a Java program, but I would like to test the SQL script before embedding it in the program.
A query that way is called a prepared statement. It is used as a way to send SQL statements from a program to the database.
First you have to prepare the prepared statement object and later you supply the parameters and finally execute the statement. When setting the parameters, you refer to each question mark in the order they apear in the statement. So in you case, BAR would be parameter 1 and CORGE will be parameter 5.
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jdbc/basics/prepared.html
For testing a query like this is quite useless in my experience. You could change the paramters to variables or even substitution variables if that is more convenient while testing.
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14357/ch5.htm#i1211130
This question already has answers here:
Check if string is SQL Server Reserved Keywords or not
(3 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
How to check whether the given string is a reserved keyword in sql server.
I checked a lot in google ,but i didn't find one!!
for eg: If i am giving the input String as 'Order',sql statement should
return whether it is reserved keyword.
Is there any built-in stored procedures or function to do this? Any help would be appreciated.
There is no built-in function to do that.
Here is the list of the known identifiers.
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189822.aspx
I suggest to put these in an table and use it in a function / stored procedure.
This question already has answers here:
What is the question mark's significance in MySQL at "WHERE column = ?"?
(4 answers)
What does a question mark represent in SQL queries?
(6 answers)
Closed 9 years ago.
I was just surfing the net and found a query something like:
sql = "select milk_rate from special_milk_rate
where code_producer_id=? and effective_from <= ?
and effective_till >= ?"
what exactly this query means i means what is the use of ? in this statement.
and one thing more what is use of & in sql.
This usually implies a prepared statement, where the parameters are filled in later. (see e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepared_statements#Parameterized_statements).
what exactly this query means i means what is the use of ? in this statement.
The question marks are for parameters.
and one thing more what is use of & in sql.
& is a bitwise AND operator in sql
The question marks are supposed to contain the actual parameters.
E.g.
"select milk_rate from special_milk_rate
where code_producer_id=2 and effective_from <= '20101231'
and effective_till >= '20110124'"
& usually denotes a variable or substitution value which you may be prompted for at run time
Here is nice article:
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/idshelp/v10/topic/com.ibm.sqls.doc/sqls610.htm#sii-02prep-18104
In some statements, parameters are
unknown when the statement is prepared
because a different value can be
inserted each time the statement is
executed. In these statements, you can
use a question-mark ( ? ) placeholder
where a parameter must be supplied
when the statement is executed.
Question marks are found in prepared statements, meaning it is parametrized and can be called again and again without having to reconstruct the whole sql statement, just by changing the parameters. Some frameworks use those that together with SqlCommands. Those encapsulate escaping and prevent sql injection attacks.
Some frameworks also allow named parameters.