If I add Options +Indexes in .htaccess this will display all files and subdirectories. However, I would like to exclude files for the current directory. i.e. display directories only for the current directory and display files and directories for any subdirectories.
Is this possible in .htaccess or will I need to write my own script to generate the directory index?
According to the comment of CBroe above, I've maked this approach tested in debian apache2 in .htaccess:
Options +Indexes
IndexIgnore *.*
This will ignore files with a file extension such as file.html. As we usually not name a directoty with a dot extension, so directories will be shown.
Please consult also apache autoindex reference http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_autoindex.html .
I have an htaccess in the main folder. I don't want to apply the main htaccess to a specific folder inside the main folder.
--Main Folder
.htaccess
some folder
another folder --> don't want htaccess to apply here
some files
...
How can I do this?
Just create a one liner .htaccess in that specific folder where you don't want rules from main .htaccess to apply with:
RewriteEngine On
I see what there is checks for mod_rewrite.c file in different .htaccess files, but i have only mod_rewrite.so, what is the difference between them?
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
# Make sure directory listing is disabled
Options +FollowSymLinks +Indexes
RewriteEngine on
</IfModule>
It sounds kind of backwards but that's just the way it works. The <IfModule> container wants either a module name or a module file. In the case of the module file, it wants the source file (.c). This is because some modules are compiled into apache so there is no shared library file (.so).
In the case of LoadModule, which loads a module that is external to the main apache core, you use the .so file.
In one app, some public image resources are symlinked to alternative names for historic reasons. For example, we might have
a.png
b.png -> a.png
Google's PageSpeed Insight that identical content should be served from a consistent URL applies to assets like this as well as content. Rather than reorganising the assets we have in place, I would like to have Apache perform an external redirect from b.png to a.png.
With mod_rewrite I can make a RewriteCond to narrow in on symbolic links:
'-l' (is symbolic link)
Treats the TestString as a pathname and tests whether or not it exists, and is a symbolic link.
But how can I get the expanded path of the symlink? I need it partly to ensure that the target is in web scope, and partly to perform the redirect.
(first post here)
I've been looking for a solution to a similar problem. It's possible, but there is no easy answer. I had to mix info from multiple Google searches to make it work.
First of all, a note about symlinks (wiki):
Symbolic links are automatically resolved by the file system. Any
software program, upon accessing a symbolic link, will see the target
instead, whether the program is aware of symbolic links or not.
So, unless the apache devs add specific options to deal with symlinks (like the -l you mentionned), we have to rely on another mean to properly resolve them.
mod_rewrite has the RewriteMap configuration option. With it, you can use different types of external resources to perform the rewriting, such as text files or DB queries. It can also call external programs, such as ... a symlink resolver for example :)
So, here we go. Run all the following commands as root and adapt to your system settings (this is for Debian).
First, if we use the RewriteMap option, we also need the RewriteLock option to prevent race conditions. The RewriteLock option can't be in a <VirtualHost> or <Directory> context. It has to be in the global context, so I added it in a new rewrite.conf and reloaded the module.
Run the following:
lock=/var/lock/apache2/rewrite_lock
touch $lock
chown www-data:www-data $lock
echo "RewriteLock $lock" >> /etc/apache2/mods-available/rewrite.conf
a2dismod rewrite
a2enmod rewrite
Next, create /usr/local/bin/resolve-symlink and add the following code:
#!/bin/sh
while read line
do
echo `readlink "$line"`
done
Make it executable and test it as apache:
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/resolve-symlink
su - www-data
/usr/local/bin/resolve-symlink
The script should wait for your input, then either return a blank line or the target of the given symlink. Use CTRL+C to exit. Example (> is STDIN, < is STDOUT):
> test
<
> /bin/sh
< bash
> /bin/bash
<
test doesn't exist, so a blank line is returned. /bin/sh is a symlink and the script resolved it to bash. Finally, /bin/bash is a file and not a link, thus another blank line.
Now, in your <VirtualHost> configuration, add the following lines:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteMap symlink prg:/usr/local/bin/resolve-symlink
RewriteLog /var/log/apache2/rewrite.log
RewriteLogLevel 9
RewriteMap can't be in a <Directory> context, and won't be active unless RewriteEngine is also set to on in the <VirtualHost> context, even if you later set it to on in a <Directory> contest!!! Pay attention to all those peculiarities and read your log files carefully or you may lose a few hours banging your head on the wall wondering why it says "map lookup FAILED".
Finally, the rewriting, in whatever context you prefer:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l
RewriteCond ${symlink:%{REQUEST_FILENAME}} ^(.+)$
RewriteRule $ ${REQUEST_SCHEME}://${HTTP_HOST}/%1 [R,L]
First line detects symlinks, second one performs the resolution and checks that the results is not empty, third line rewrites the URL (%1 is the result of the mapping) and sends a 302 redirection to the browser. You may need the END flag instead of the L flag.
Now restart apache...
service apache2 restart
... test, check your log files, tweak, rinse and repeat...
When your are done, don't forget to remove the RewriteLog and RewriteLogLevel directives from your configuration because they slow apache down a lot.
Important note. In my case, the symlinks all points to files within the same folder, so the URL rewriting is a little easier. If your symlinks point to sub-directories, or even somewhere else on the filesystem, you will have to modify the script and the configuration to account for it, but even then it might not work as expected, as apache won't always be able to figure out the correct URL to send to the browser. For example, if you have a symlink to, let say, /usr/share/apache2/icons/apache_pb.png, apache might redirect to http://example.com/usr/share/apache2/icons/apache_pb.png which, of course, does not exists...
Also, I would have added a few informative links but I'm limited to 2... Anyway, happy debugging!
I've got more information about this topic. It's been running for quite some time on my side and I made the following amendments to the file /usr/local/bin/resolve-symlinks:
#!/bin/bash
BASE=_ALL_YOUR_BASE_ARE_BELONG_TO_US_
BASE_LEN=${#BASE}
while read FILE
do
# $FILE must be in $BASE
if [[ $BASE != ${FILE:0:$BASE_LEN} ]]
then
echo
continue
fi
REL_FILE=${FILE:$BASE_LEN}
# echo $REL_FILE
# $LINK must also be in $BASE
LINK=$(readlink -f $FILE)
if [[ $BASE != ${LINK:0:$BASE_LEN} ]]
then
echo
continue
fi
REL_LINK=${LINK:$BASE_LEN}
# echo $REL_LINK
# $REL_FILE and $REL_LINK must be different
if [[ $(basename $REL_FILE) == $(basename $REL_LINK) ]]
then
echo
continue;
fi
# success!
echo $REL_LINK
done
Of course, replace _ALL_YOUR_BASE_ARE_BELONG_TO_US_ with your favorite path.
Now it should make sure both the requested file and the link target are in the same directory.
Here is the problem: we have lots of Javascripts and lots of CSS files, which we'd rather be serving minified. Minification is easy: set up the YUI Compressor, run an Ant task, and it spits out minified files, which we save beside the originals.
So we end up with the following directory structure somewhere inside our DocumentRoot:
/
/js
/min
foo-min.js
bar-min.js
foo.js
bar.js
quux.js
/css
...
Now what we need is that Apache serve files from the min subdirectory, and fallback to serving uncompressed files, if their minified versions are not available. The last issue is the one I cannot solve.
For example: suppose we have a request to example.com/js/foo.js — in this case Apache should send contents of /js/min/foo-min.js. There is no minified quux.js, so request to /js/quux.js returns /js/quux.js itself, not 404. Finally, if there is no /js/fred.js, it should end up with 404.
Actually, I'm setting build scripts in such a way that unminified files are not deployed on the production server, but this configuration still might be useful on an integration server and on development machines.
Here is the configuration that finally worked:
/js/.htaccess:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /js
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/js/((.+)\.js)$
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/js/min/%2-min.js -f
RewriteRule ^(.+)$ min/%2-min.js [L]
Same for css directory.
You can use RewriteCond to detect the presence of a minified file:
RewriteCond %{REQUESTURI} ^/js/(.*\.js)
RewriteCond js/min/%1 -f
RewriteRule %1 min/%1 [L]
Is it possible to change your build scripts? If so, you can configure them to minify the files and give them the same file name, but only when provided the proper flag, e.g. ant productionDeploy instead of ant integrationDeploy. That way the minification process is completely transparent to everything except the build script.