CREATE TABLE Kitaplar
(
Id INT NOT NULL,
Isim NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
Yazar NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
Resim IMAGE,
Alinis_Tarihi DATE,
Verilis_Tarihi DATE,
PRIMARY KEY (Id)
)
I have this table and I want to create an instance.
insert into Kitaplar values
(003, 'Forty Thorns','Judy Lighy Ayyildiz',null,2012-01-01,2012-02-01)
it doesn't accept these date types.
How should I insert that? And how can I add an image?
I'm using SQL Server 2008 Express.
You need to enclose the dates in quotes as follows:
Insert into Kitaplar values (003, 'Forty Thorns','Judy Lighy Ayyildiz',null,'2012-01-01','2012-02-01')
As far as adding the image, something like this would work (there are other ways to do this too):
Update myTable
Set Image = (SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET(BULK N'C:\MyImage.jpg', SINGLE_BLOB) test)
Where MyColumn = TargetValue
Related
I have created table like below:
create table EmployeeDetails
(
id int,
name varchar(50),
designation varchar(50),
ReportingTo int
)
And inserted rows like this:
insert into EmployeeDetails values(1, 'A', 'Developer', 3)
insert into EmployeeDetails values(5, 'E', 'CEO', 5)
insert into EmployeeDetails values(2, 'B', 'Developer', 3)
insert into EmployeeDetails values(3, 'C', 'Manager', 4)
insert into EmployeeDetails values(4, 'D', 'S.Manager', 5)
My question is: how can I identify the last inserted row in the table?
Used queries:
select IDENT_CURRENT('EmployeeDetails')
Select SCOPE_IDENTITY()
But I still didn't find the answer.
Replies are always welcome
You have a fundamental misunderstanding of tables in relational databases. They represent unordered sets. So, there is no "last row" in a table. The information on the ordering of rows has to be included when you create the table and/or load data into it.
In SQL Server, the simplest method is an identity column. That is why many tables are defined as:
create table EmployeeDetails (
id int identity primary key,
name varchar(50),
designation varchar(50),
ReportingTo int
);
You can also add default insertion time columns:
create table EmployeeDetails (
id int identity primary key,
name varchar(50),
designation varchar(50),
ReportingTo int,
CreatedAt datetime default gettime()
);
However, you can have multiple rows with the same datetime value.
You also can use rowversion like below,if you add a column
CREATE TABLE MyTest (myKey int
,myValue int, RV rowversion);
GO
INSERT INTO MyTest (myKey, myValue) VALUES (1, 0);
GO
INSERT INTO MyTest (myKey, myValue) VALUES (2, 0);
select * from mytest order by rv desc
Note:
This always give the last row inserted/Updated
References:
rowversion
Add fields of type datetime with name CreateDate and UpdateDate in your table, when you insert record in your table set their value for getdate()
After that you can run queries:
Select top 10 * from YourTable Order By CreateDate DESC
Or for last updated
Select top 10 * from YourTable Order By UpdateDate DESC
Please find my answer as below. Hope this may help you.
Add one more column to store record creation date/time as below.
create table EmployeeDetails
(
id int,
name varchar(50),
designation varchar(50),
ReportingTo int,
CreatedOn datetime
)
After table creation and inserting records write/execute query (here inner query is used) as below
select
*
from EmployeeDetails
where CreatedOn = (select max(CreatedOn) from EmployeeDetails )
I have 3 types of tables
Major table as follows
CREATE TABLE #InitialTable
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
RP varchar(20)
)
INSERT INTO #InitialTable
VALUES ('R1', 'R2', 'R3')
GO
Table contains dynamically created tables information as follows
CREATE TABLE #DynamicTablesInfo
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
RPId int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES #InitialTable(Id),
TableName varchar(100)
)
GO
INSERT INTO #DynamicTablesInfo
VALUES (1, 'Table_X1'), (2, 'Table_X2'), (3, 'Table_X3')
GO
Dynamically created tables these tables can be any number of tables and the tables info is available in above table.
CREATE TABLE #Table_X1
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY,
Version_Value varchar(100)
)
GO
INSERT INTO #Table_X1
VALUES ('Val_X1_1'), ('Val_X1_2'), ('Val_X1_3')
GO
CREATE TABLE #Table_X2
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY,
Version_Value varchar(100)
)
GO
INSERT INTO #Table_X2
VALUES ('Val_X2_1'), ('Val_X2_2'), ('Val_X2_3')
GO
CREATE TABLE #Table_X3
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY,
Version_Value varchar(100)
)
GO
INSERT INTO #Table_X3
VALUES ('Val_X3_1'), ('Val_X3_2'), ('Val_X3_3')
GO
Now I wanted to join InitialTable with dynamically created tables (Table_X1, Table_X2, Table_X3,....) with the help of DynamicTablesInfo table - how to do that?
Note: for easy update, delete, insert I created them as temporary tables but in my application all are real tables.
Instead of doing this:
CREATE TABLE #Table_X1
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY
,Version_Value varchar(100)
)
GO
CREATE TABLE #Table_X2
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY
,Version_Value varchar(100)
)
GO
CREATE TABLE #Table_X3
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY
,Version_Value varchar(100)
)
GO
Do this one time:
CREATE TABLE Table_X
(
Id int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY
,Version_Value varchar(100)
,X_number INT
)
GO
Then instead of doing this:
INSERT INTO #Table_X1 VALUES ('Val_X1_1'),('Val_X1_2'),('Val_X1_3')
INSERT INTO #Table_X2 VALUES ('Val_X2_1'),('Val_X2_2'),('Val_X2_3')
INSERT INTO #Table_X3 VALUES ('Val_X3_1'),('Val_X3_2'),('Val_X3_3')
Do this:
INSERT INTO Table_X VALUES ('Val_X1_1',1),('Val_X1_2',1),('Val_X1_3',1)
INSERT INTO Table_X VALUES ('Val_X2_1',2),('Val_X2_2',2),('Val_X2_3',2)
INSERT INTO Table_X VALUES ('Val_X3_1',3),('Val_X3_2',3),('Val_X3_3',3)
Much easier to query without dynamics:
--no
SELECT * FROM Table_X1
--yes
SELECY * FROM Table_X WHERE X_Number = 1
You've indicated you're stuck with it how it is, so you'll need to create and run your queries dynamically too. This is c#/vb flavored pseudocode:
string sql = "SELECT * FROM sometable"
for int x = 1 to 3
sql = sql + " table_x{x} on sometable.id = table_x{x}.id"
Or perhaps build a Union:
string sql = "WITH allx AS (SELECT * FROM table_x1"
for int x = 2 to 10
sql = sql + " UNION ALL SELECT * FROM table_x{x}"
sql = sql + ") select * from sometable inner join allx on..."
But I echo larnu's sentiments in the comments.. if you truly cannot change the tables that are created, consider creating a VIEW in a similar way to the UNION code above, that will sit alongside X number of tables and will provide a way to query without dynamic:
CREATE VIEW AllX AS(
SELECT x.*, 1 as Which FROM TABLE_X1 x
UNION ALL SELECT x.*, 2 as Which FROM TABLE_X2 x
UNION ALL SELECT x.*, 3 as Which FROM TABLE_X3 x
...
Use the same technique that creates 10 tables to string together a CREATE VIEW statement that views over the 10 tables, then you can query the view without Dynamic sql generation
I'm coming from a Teradata environment where
create table mytable
(
first_column varchar(50),
second_column varchar(50),
third_column varchar(50)
)
insert into mytable values (first_column = 'one', second_column = 'first')
insert into mytable values (first_column = 'two', third_column = 'second')
is possible. This does not seem to be possible in HANA even with default specified
create column table mytable
(
"FIRST_COLUMN" varchar(50) default null,
"SECOND_COLUMN" varchar(50) default null,
"THIRD_COLUMN" varchar(50) default null
)
I could create a row with a unique ID specifying NULLs for all the fields and then UPDATE the columns I want using the ID which seems time consuming and awkward or is there a better way?
Use the standard syntax:
insert into mytable (first_column, second_column)
values ('one', 'first');
This should work both in Hana and Teradata -- and any other database.
I am new to SQL and am learning User Defined Functions in SQL
I have two tables and I have given the rows I have inserted to those tables.
--Table1
create table sql_exam(
exa_examid bigint not null primary key,
exa_name varchar(100) not null,
exa_maxmark decimal(5,2) not null,
exa_minmarkreqdforpass decimal(5,2) not null,
exa_examscheduletime datetime not null
)
--Rows inserted into Table1
insert into sql_exam(exa_examid,exa_name,exa_maxmark,exa_minmarkreqdforpass,exa_examscheduletime) values (1,'Maths',100,40,'2012-10-10 10:00')
insert into sql_exam(exa_examid,exa_name,exa_maxmark,exa_minmarkreqdforpass,exa_examscheduletime) values (2,'English',75,35,'2012-10-11 10:00')
--Table2
create table sql_studentmarks(
stm_studentid int not null primary key,
stm_examid bigint foreign key references sql_exam(exa_examid),
stm_mark decimal(5,2)
)
--Rows inserted into Table2
insert into sql_studentmarks(stm_studentid,stm_examid,stm_mark) values (1,1,80)
insert into sql_studentmarks(stm_studentid,stm_examid,stm_mark) values (2,1,90)
insert into sql_studentmarks(stm_studentid,stm_examid,stm_mark) values (3,1,40)
insert into sql_studentmarks(stm_studentid,stm_examid,stm_mark) values (1,2,70)
insert into sql_studentmarks(stm_studentid,stm_examid,stm_mark) values (2,2,60)
insert into sql_studentmarks(stm_studentid,stm_examid,stm_mark) values (3,2,17)
I require a help about creating Scalar functions and I need to get
A scalar function which will return the Student ID of the student who got highest mark in 'Maths'
A tabular function which will return the student ID and marks gained by the student who got highest total mark.
Am just trying to learn SQL. I have tried - "
create function fnGetMathsHightest()
returns int
as
begin
declare #st_id int
return #st_id
end
select dbo.fnGetMathsHightest()
from sql_studentmarks
where stm_examid=1
group by stm_studentid
having stm_mark=max(stm_mark)
for the first one. It does not look good.
It looks like this what you want for 1.
CREATE FUNCTION ssfnGetStudenytId
(
-- Add the parameters for the function here
)
RETURNS int
AS
BEGIN
declare #vId as int
set #vId = Select stm_studentid from sql_studentmarks where stm_mark = (SELECT MAX( stm_mark )from sql_studentmarks )
RETURN #vId
END
I want to set a variable as a string of values. E.g.
declare #FirstName char(100)
select #FirstName = 'John','Sarah','George'
SELECT *
FROM Accounts
WHERE FirstName in (#FirstName)
I'm getting a syntax error in the line select #FirstName = 'John','Sarah','George':
Incorrect syntax near ','
Is there any way I can set the variable with many values?
declare #tab table(FirstName varchar(100))
insert into #tab values('John'),('Sarah'),('George')
SELECT *
FROM #tab
WHERE 'John' in (FirstName)
You're trying to assign three separate string literals to a single string variable. A valid string variable would be 'John, Sarah, George'. If you want embedded single quotes between the double quotes, you have to escape them.
Also, your actual SELECT won't work, because SQL databases won't parse the string variable out into individual literal values. You need to use dynamic SQL instead, and then execute that dynamic SQL statement. (Search this site for dynamic SQL, with the database engine you're using as the topic (as in [sqlserver] dynamic SQL), and you should get several examples.)
-- create test table "Accounts"
create table Accounts (
c_ID int primary key
,first_name varchar(100)
,last_name varchar(100)
,city varchar(100)
);
insert into Accounts values (101, 'Sebastian', 'Volk', 'Frankfurt' );
insert into Accounts values (102, 'Beate', 'Mueller', 'Hamburg' );
insert into Accounts values (103, 'John', 'Walker', 'Washington' );
insert into Accounts values (104, 'Britney', 'Sears', 'Holywood' );
insert into Accounts values (105, 'Sarah', 'Schmidt', 'Mainz' );
insert into Accounts values (106, 'George', 'Lewis', 'New Jersey' );
insert into Accounts values (107, 'Jian-xin', 'Wang', 'Peking' );
insert into Accounts values (108, 'Katrina', 'Khan', 'Bolywood' );
-- declare table variable
declare #tb_FirstName table(name varchar(100));
insert into #tb_FirstName values ('John'), ('Sarah'), ('George');
SELECT *
FROM Accounts
WHERE first_name in (select name from #tb_FirstName);
SELECT *
FROM Accounts
WHERE first_name not in (select name from #tb_FirstName);
go
drop table Accounts;
go
A quick way to turn your varchar variable to a table (array of values) is to have your FirstName variable as a whole varchar first and then use the STRING_SPLIT method.
declare #FirstName varchar(100)
select #FirstName = 'John,Sarah,George'
SELECT *
FROM Accounts
WHERE FirstName in (SELECT * FROM STRING_SPLIT(#FirstName, ','))
In SQL you can not have a variable array.
However, the best alternative solution is to use a temporary table.
I just want to extend #Code Save's answer
--collection table is required, since we cannot use directly arrays in TSQL
declare #CollectionTable table(FirstName varchar(100))
insert into #CollectionTable values('John'),('Sarah'),('George')
SELECT * FROM TargetTable
WHERE Name IN (SELECT * FROM #CollectionTable)
In this way we can use the result from the SELECT statement from our #CollectionTable to be evaluated in the IN operator. And of course we can re-use the #CollectionTable as many times as we need.