I need to know some basic information on the for command in batch scripts. One thing I want to know is why its %%variable instead of %variable%.
%A is for use on command lines only.
%%A is used when used in batch files.
The single-percent %a syntax indicates a local variable within a batch file.
The percent-bracketed %foo% represents the value of an environment variable named foo.
From ss64.com:
If you are using the FOR command at the command line rather than in a batch program, specify %parameter instead of %%parameter
So %%param is for batch scripts and %param is for live commands. Greg is right, %param% is a different kind of variable. The "variable" in the FOR command exists only that scope, while environment %variables% persist in a wider scope.
Related
I am very new to creating batch files.
I have to run a command, with an increasing file number e.g
c:>program.bat -propertyfile "1.property"
Right now, I have to type the command manually, wait 1 minute, then type the command again by increasing the property file # i.e "2.property" "3.property" "4.property" etc....
I want to automate this, and still would like to see the results in the command prompt as it runs.
How can this be accomplished?
See https://ss64.com/nt/for.html and specifically https://ss64.com/nt/for_l.html
FOR /L %%G IN (1,1,4) DO program.bat -propertyfile "%%G.property"
Should run your command for files 1.property to 4.property but if you're actually running it for files in a directory rather than a list of integers one of the other FOR constructs might be more appropriate. Perhaps https://ss64.com/nt/for_r.html
How can I find out (with Windows a batch command), if, for example, a variable starts with ABC?
I know that I can search for variables if I know the whole content (if "%variable%"=="abc"), but I want that it only looks after the beginning.
I also need it to find out where the batch file is located, so if there is a other command that reveals the file's location, please let me know.
Use the variable substring syntax:
IF "%variable:~0,3%"=="ABC" [...]
If you need the path to the batch file without the batch file name, you can use the variable:
%~dp0
Syntax for this is explained in the help for the for command, although this variable syntax extends beyond just the for command syntax.
to find batch file location use %0 (gives full patch to current batch file) or %CD% variable which gives local directory
Sorry not much experience with batch files hence help needed please! ;-)
I'm working in a DOS box on a Windows 7 64 bit system.
I want to run an application as a batch file, but reading the information it needs from a text file which can be updated/amended regularly.
The syntax of the basic application is:
appname "variable" (the variable MUST be enclosed in quotes)
Successive variables can be concatenated to the following single line format:
appname "var1" "var2" "var3" "var4" ... etc
So I've created a batch file containing the above. However, this is unweildy when it comes to updating. Sometimes I omit the delimiting quotes which creates problems in the execution of the batch file.
It seems to me that from an updating/amending point it would be easier to set up a text file, say text.txt which would contain the following information:
"var1"
"var2"
"var3"
"var4"
etc. on successive lines.
This would make it easier for me to update and also to ensure I don't omit the delimiting quotes.
The batch file would get the application to "read" the text file, execute the first variable, then the second etc all the way through to the end. But I'm not sure if this is possible and if so, how to get the batch file to read successive lines in the text file and use those variables.
As I said earlier, I've not much experience with batch files and don't have a clue how to do this! :-(
Help please, thanks
Alan
Like this :
#echo off
set $textFile="test.txt"
for /f "delims=" %%a in ('type %$textFile%') do appname.exe %%a
#ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
SET "batchline=appname"
FOR /f "delims=" %%a IN (q25193799.txt) DO SET "batchline=!batchline! "%%~a""
ECHO(%batchline%
GOTO :EOF
I used a file named q25193799.txt containing your data for my testing.
The application line is merely echoed for verification. Remove the ECHO( after verification to execute your application.
The data in the file need not have "enclosing quotes".
Thanks to both responses, both different but good in their own way. I use a few different instances and I've decided to use the first response for the longer lists and the second one for shorter lists (that way I can check see if something is going wrong, because I might have missed the second delimiting quote in the text file.
Superb, thanks to you both.
Hi i am trying to set a variable in my .bat file and i want to use the variable in sqlldr code to state the file (infile)
This is what i have in my bat file for the variable:
set directroy_name= D:\Folder\Folder\Folder\File.csv
Then in my command file i have
load data
infile '%directory_name%'
When ever i try to run the .bat file from the command prompt i just receive the SQL_Loader_500: unable to ope file (%directory_name%.dat
I know the files in the correct location?
any ideas why its doing this?
No, you can't do that - you're expecting the Oracle executable to understand Windows environment variable syntax. If it did that it would have to deal with $ variables in Unix, etc.
You can just pass the file name on the command line instead. In your control file omit the INFILE altogether, then when you call SQL*Loader add a a DATA command-line argument:
sqlldr user/password CONTROL=your.ctl DATA=%directory_name% ...
Assuming your variable is just oddly named and does have a full file path as you've shown.
If it's present, the INFILE argument will be overridden by the command-line argument, so you could include a default fixed value if you wanted to, I suppose.
You also appear to have a typo; you set directroy_name, but then use directory_name, which will have no value. You need to change that to:
set directory_name= D:\Folder\Folder\Folder\File.csv
I'm working on a script that processes a folder and there is always one file in it I need to rename. The new name should be the parent directory name. How do I get this in a batch file? The full path to the dir is known.
It is not very clear how the script is supposed to become acquainted with the path in question, but the following example should at least give you an idea of how to proceed:
FOR %%D IN ("%CD%") DO SET "DirName=%%~nxD"
ECHO %DirName%
This script gets the path from the CD variable and extracts the name only from it to DirName.
You can use basename command:
FULLPATH=/the/full/path/is/known
JUSTTHENAME=$(basename "$FULLPATH")
You can use built-in bash tricks:
FULLPATH=/the/full/path/is/known
JUSTTHENAME=${FULLPATH##*/}
Explanations:
first # means 'remove the pattern from the begining'
second # means 'remove the longer possible pattern'
*/ is the pattern
Using built-in bash avoid to call an external command (i.e. basename) therefore this optimises you script. However the script is less portable.