Ambiguity in Select Query - sql

Question

This is my test table:
CREATE TABLE [General].[Test]
(
[Name] NVARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
[SSN] CHAR(10) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [UK_Test_SSN]
UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED ([SSN]) WITH (IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF),
)
And I inserted some values:
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'901223476', N'Lol1');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'2591830061', N'Lol2');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'4431776273', N'Lol3');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'987654321', N'Lol4');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'123456789', N'Lol5');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'0123456789', N'Lol6');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'0012345678', N'Lol7');
INSERT INTO [General].[Test] ([SSN], [Name]) VALUES (N'123', N'Lol8');
And the first SELECT query:
SELECT
CASE
WHEN [T].[SSN] LIKE REPLICATE('[0-9]',10) THEN [T].[SSN]
ELSE 1000000000 + ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY [T].[Name]) END AS [SSN]
FROM [General].[Test] AS [T];
GO
And the second query:
SELECT [T].[SSN] FROM [General].[Test] AS [T];
The ambiguity that I can't understand is about rows 6 and 7 whose [SSN] values start with 0
So for example about 6th row the first query returns 123456789 and second query return 0123456789, can anyone explain why? And I really need to get the real value of 0123456789 in the first query, what can I do?

Answer 1

You have two different datatypes being returned from your first column in the first query - in the first case, the CHAR(10) of the [SSN] is returned, in the ELSE case a large INT number. That's why SQL Server needs to convert one of the two datatypes to the other.
What you need to do, if you want to get back the CHAR(10), is to CAST the second expression to that datatype:
SELECT
CASE
WHEN [T].[SSN] LIKE REPLICATE('[0-9]', 10) THEN [T].[SSN]
ELSE CAST(1000000000 + ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY [T].[Name]) AS CHAR(10))
END
FROM [General].[Test] AS [T];
Then you get back your CHAR(10) values - and nothing gets converted to a INT (or BIGINT) and thus looses it's leading zeroes:
(No column name)
1000000001
2591830061
4431776273
1000000004
1000000005
0123456789
0012345678
1000000008