PIVOT SQL Data & Fill In Blanks - sql

Question

I'm attempting to transform this data:
ItemID MonthAsInt Month Year InvType Quantity
4643 4 April 2011 Shipment 10
4643 5 May 2011 Shipment 10
4643 7 July 2011 Shipment 10
4643 8 August 2011 Destroy 10
4643 11 November 2011 Shipment 25
4643 12 December 2011 Picking 1
Into this (basically, a 12 month snap shot):
February March April May June July August ...
Shipment 0 0 10 10 0 10 0
Picking 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Destroy ...
I've messed with the PIVIOT method, but I haven't had much luck. At this point, all I have is the list of dates that I need between GETDATE() and GETDATE() - 12 months (retrieved with the query below):
DECLARE #BeginDate DATETIME
DECLARE #EndDate DATETIME
SET #BeginDate = GETDATE();
SET #EndDate = DATEADD(MONTH, -12, GETDATE());
WITH CTE_DatesTable
AS
(
SELECT #EndDate AS [Date]
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD(dd, 1, [date])
FROM CTE_DatesTable
WHERE DATEADD(dd, 1, [date]) <= #BeginDate
)
SELECT DISTINCT DATENAME(MONTH, [date]) + ' '
+ CAST(YEAR([date]) AS VARCHAR(4)) AS MonthYear,
YEAR([date]) AS YearAsInt,
MONTH([Date]) AS MonthAsInt
FROM CTE_DatesTable
ORDER BY YEAR([date]), MONTH([Date])
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0)
See the query in action here.
Is what I'm trying to accomplish possible? Am I going in the right direction? Any help would be appreciated!

Answer 1

You can do this without pivot (the syntax for which I find daunting as well). Since you don't know the actual layout of columns beforehand, I think this is easiest with dynamic SQL. Given the following table/sample data:
USE tempdb;
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.foo
(
ItemID INT,
MonthAsInt INT,
[Month] VARCHAR(12),
[Year] INT,
InvType VARCHAR(12),
Quantity INT
);
INSERT dbo.foo SELECT 4643,4 ,'April ',2011,'Shipment',10
UNION ALL SELECT 4643,5 ,'May ',2011,'Shipment',10
UNION ALL SELECT 4643,7 ,'July ',2011,'Shipment',10
UNION ALL SELECT 4643,8 ,'August ',2011,'Destroy ',10
UNION ALL SELECT 4643,11,'November',2011,'Shipment',25
UNION ALL SELECT 4643,12,'December',2011,'Picking ',1;
You can generate a list of months using a much simpler CTE, and build a dynamic SQL statement based off of that:
DECLARE #sql NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'';
;WITH n AS
(
SELECT TOP (12) d = DATEADD
(
MONTH,
-(ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [object_id]) - 1),
GETDATE()
)
FROM sys.objects
ORDER BY d DESC
)
SELECT #sql = #sql + N',' + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + DATENAME(MONTH, d)
+ ' = SUM(CASE WHEN [Year] = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(4), DATEPART(YEAR, d))
+ ' AND MonthAsInt = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), DATEPART(MONTH, d))
+ ' THEN Quantity ELSE 0 END)'
FROM n
ORDER BY d;
SELECT #sql = N'SELECT InvType' + #sql + '
FROM dbo.foo
GROUP BY InvType';
PRINT #sql;
-- EXEC sp_executesql #sql;
I put the PRINT there so you could test it out before running it. I wasn't sure if you needed 12 months or 13 months, you can just change the TOP (12) to TOP (13) if you want 13 months, or remove the -1 if you don't want the current month included.

Answer 2

If you need a dynamic pivot: see here
otherwise
This is how you do it will pivot. Of course, PIVOT requires you to know what your data will look like beforehand. If you need a dynamic pivot, then there are plenty of dynamic crosstab/pivot queries/sps that people have already written.
DECLARE #BeginDate DATETIME
DECLARE #EndDate DATETIME
SET #BeginDate = GETDATE();
SET #EndDate = DATEADD(MONTH, -12, GETDATE());
WITH CTE_DatesTable
AS
(
SELECT #EndDate AS [Date]
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD(dd, 1, [date])
FROM CTE_DatesTable
WHERE DATEADD(dd, 1, [date]) <= #BeginDate
)
SELECT DISTINCT DATENAME(MONTH, [date]) + ' ' + CAST(YEAR([date]) AS VARCHAR(4)) AS MonthYear,
YEAR([date]) AS YearAsInt,
MONTH([Date]) AS MonthAsInt,
case when month([date]) < 5 then 'Shipment' else 'Picking' end InvType,
floor(10 * RAND() * month([date])) Quantity
into #orig
FROM CTE_DatesTable
ORDER BY YEAR([date]), MONTH([Date])
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0)
update #orig
set Quantity = null
where MonthYear = 'February 2011'
select * from #orig
select *
from
(
select isnull(Quantity, 0) Quantity, MonthYear from #orig
) SourceTbl
PIVOT
(
sum(Quantity)
for MonthYear in ([February 2011], [March 2011])
) PivotTbl
drop table #orig
Result:
February 2011 March 2011
0 29