I have a site, running Linux + Apache.
I have a file in my root directory, let's say file.php.
I want the URL to the file to be "domain.com/newdir/file.php", but I don't want to actually create the newdir and move the file there because it would be a huge hassle to update many many links all over my site.
Is there a way to accomplish this, meaning making the file accessible by the new URL without moving it?
Thank you.
On this site: workwith.me, you can find information about .htaccess and mod_rewrite. For your example you have to make a file called .htaccess and put it in the root directory. The file should contain these directives:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^newdir/file.php$ /file.php [L]
You can do this for every file you want to rename.
Four possible solutions I can think of:
If your OS supports it, create a symlink:
mkdir /home/foo/htdocs/newdir
ln -s /home/foo/htdocs/file.php home/foo/htdocs/newdir/file.php
... and make sure Apache is configured to follow them:
Options FollowSymLinks
Create an Alias or AliasMatch (probably overkill)
Good old mod_rewrite:
RewriteEngine One
RewriteRule ^newdir/file\.php$ file.php [L]
Ugly: use a custom 404 error page with a PHP script that checks $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'].
I guess the standard solutions are #1 and #3.
Related
I'm really struggling with the syntax of a Rewrite Rule. I'm hoping you can help.
I used a node package module to create a bunch of html snapshots of a super ajaxy site. The module outputs the snapshots in a diretory named as the URL for later use with escape_fragment rewrite rules. So exampledomain.net/a45.php?lang=eng is output as ./snapshots/a45.php?lang=eng/index.html. So to cd into that directory I have to of course escape the special characters.
I am attempting to Rewrite http://testdomain.net/a45.php?lang=eng to http://testdomain.net/snapshots/a45.php?lang=eng/index.html and I cannot get my rewrite rules to work.
Here's the syntax I've tried:
in an .htaccess file in the subdirectory
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
ReWriteBase /var/www/vhosts/testdomain.net/httpdocs/secure/clients/amg/3dot0
RewriteRule ^a45\.php?lang=eng$ /snapshots/a45.php?lang=eng/index.html
I have also tried it with and without RewriteBase.
I've also tried the same as above with the second url escaped and with a couple different characters on the first url ALL to no avail...
OH and I was sure to enable Allowoverride all on the entire httpdocs directory as well in the main vhost.conf file -- I know that directive is working becuase Options +Indexes allows me to browse directories throughout this tree.
Any advice or clues are appreciated greatly!
Directory names including characters ? = / are not going to be liked. Try to avoid them.
The purpose of a rewrite is to run another page from somewhere else, not dump something into a new directory. Is that what you're trying to do? You're telling the server than there is an index.html to run, in /snapshots/a45.php?lang=eng/ directory.
A RewriteRule isn't going to see the Query String anyway (?lang=eng). The ? is telling it that the p is optional.
I have very similar problem like this one: Apache mod_rewrite - prefer files over directories with pretty URLs
However it is not same, and solutions mentioned in above link doesn't work for me.
My directory structure looks like this:
/pages/articles/january.php
/pages/articles.php
/pages/home.php
/articles/
/index.php
Now, I am including in index.php pages (depending on url).
For example, when user types address www.domain.com (or www.domain.com/home), index.php will include /pages/home.php
But if I enter this URL: www.domain.com/articles it will make link something like this: www.domain.com/articles/?page[]=articles (in other words index.php won't include /pages/articles.php file)
On the other hand, this works perfectly: www.domain.com/articles/january
This is my htaccess file:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9+]*)/([a-zA-Z0-9+]*)$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/index.php?page[]=$1&page[]=$2 [QSA,L]
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9+]*)$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/index.php?page[]=$1 [QSA,L]
I use array for page because I can have subpages (and subpages work fine!).
EDIT: I have found this however it doesn't solves my problem :(
Can someone tell me why it does this and how to fix it?
Or, how can I give priority to files instead directories?
EDIT 2: I solved it by removing "/articles/" directory, however I am still interested how to make it work through htaccess file rules.
Per the comments above, your original issue was worked around by removing the articles directory, but you still wanted to be able to deal with directories in that sort of situation.
You'd probably want to split into two sets of rules. Have an earlier rule that uses the -d flag in a RewriteCond to catch directories so that it could treat them differently as needed. Alternately, ignore directories in the first rule by negating the flag (!-d) then catch them in the later rule.
I am attempting to redirect & rewrite some dynamic PHP URL's to pretty and SEO friendly URLs. I have manged to do this successfully through .htaccess with the following code:
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^somevar=green&nodescription=([a-zA-Z0-9_-]*)$
RewriteRule (.*) /green\/%1\/? [L,R=301]
RewriteRule ^green/([^/]*)/$ /script.php?somevar=green&nodescription=$1&rewrite=on [L]
This creates a somewhat pretty URL as follows:
http://www.mysite.com/green/aA43-/
As I say, this works absolutley fine. Apart from one thing. The parameter nodescription contains a non-descriptive random set of letters, numbers and other characters.
I would like to rewrite the nodescription parameter to a more descriptive one. I understand that I can do this with a rewritemap through Apache. However, I have no experience at doing soemthing like this, and I'm not entirely sure where to start.
Normally I would simply alter script.php so that it contains more descriptive parameters, but this time I have no control over the script; I am pulling it from another site using cURL.
Can anybody give me an example of how to pull this off?
Thanks!
Matt
Well, to answer my own question, to pull this off you need access httpd.conf file on your apache server. My shared hosting company didn't allow access to this file (I doubt any would allow you access).
So I bit the bullet and purchased a VPS. I will post the steps I took here in order to set the rewritemap up in the hope that it will help a lost soul :) Ok, here goes...
My VPS has WHM installed, so in WHM I went to:
Server Configuration >> Apache Configuration >> Include Editor
Pre Virtual Host Include >> All Versions
This feature takes any text you put in and includes it in your httpd.conf file without worrying that it will be overwritten at a later stage. If you don't have WHM on your server then you can add the text directly to your httpd.conf file; make sure it is outside and before any virtual hosts.
OK, so I included the following map declaration and rewrite rule:
#Map to redirect (swaps key and value)
RewriteMap rwmap txt:/home/*/public_html/rdmap.txt
<Directory /home/*/public_html/test>
Options All -Indexes
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^url/([^/]*)/$ /script.php?foo=${rwmap:$1|$1}&rewrite=on [L]
</Directory>
The actual map is a simple text file containing key/value pairs - you need to place this file in the directory declared in RewriteMap rwmap txt:/home/*/public_html/rdmap.txt.
And there you go. Apache now rewrites my URLs for me and I now have some nice and pretty SEO optimized links thanks to my rewrite map! Hoorah!
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^green/([^/]*)/(.*)$ /script.php?somevar=green&nodescription=$1&rewrite=on [L]
This rewrite will allow you to pass "arbitrary text" that has nothing to do with the rewrite. For example:
http://www.mysite.com/green/aA43-/some-seo-boosting-title
Will still reroute correctly to script.php; the latter part will simply be ignored by the rewrite.
I want to rewrite the url http://mydomain/myapp/fakefolder to http://mydomain/myapp/index.php
I tried the following rule but thats not working
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^fakefolder$ index.php
The .htaccess file is located inside myapp.
Kindly help
Thanks
vineet
To begin with, your folder is not called vineetstore: it's called fakefolder.
The corrected rule works for me so I'd dare say your Apache installation is not configured to read .htaccess files in such location. You can easily test that: make a syntax error on purpose and see whether your site crashes.
Find your virtual host or site definition and make sure you have this directive:
AllowOverride All
I want to map a number of directories in a URL:
www.example.com/manual
www.example.com/login
to directories outside the web root.
My web root is
/www/htdocs/customername/site
the manual I want to redirect to is in
/www/customer/some_other_dir/manual
In mod_alias, this would be equal to
Alias /manual /www/customer/some_other_dir/manual
but as I have access only to .htaccess, I can't use Alias, so I have to use mod_rewrite.
What I have got right now after this question is the following:
RewriteRule ^manual(/(.*))?$ /www/htdocs/customername/manual/$2 [L]
this works in the sense that requests are recognized and redirected properly, but I get a 404 that looks like this (note the absolute path):
The requested URL /www/htdocs/customername/manual/resourcename.htm
was not found on this server.
However, I have checked with PHP: echo file_exists(...) and that file definitely exists.
why would this be? According to the mod_rewrite docs, this is possible, even in a .htaccess file. I understand that when doing mod_rewrite in .htaccess, there will be an automated prefix, but not to absolute paths, will it?
It shouldn't be a rights problem either: It's not in the web root, but within the FTP tree to which only one user, the main FTP account, has access.
I can change the web root in the control panel anytime, but I want this to work the way I described.
This is shared hosting, so I have no access to the error logs.
I just checked, this is not a wrongful 301 redirection, just an internal rewrite.
In .htaccess, you cannot rewrite to files outside the wwwroot.
You need to have a symbolic link within the webroot that points to the location of the manual.
Then in your .htaccess you need the line:
Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
or maybe a little more blindly
Options +FollowSymlinks
Then you can
RewriteRule ^manual(/(.*))?$ /www/htdocs/customername/site/manual/$2 [L]
where manual under site is a link to /www/customer/some_other_dir/manual
You create the symlink on the command line with:
ln -s /www/htdocs/customername/site/manual /www/customer/some_other_dir/manual
But I imagine you're on shared hosting without shell access, so look into creating symbolic links within CPanel,Webmin, or whatever your admin interface is. There are php/cgi scripts that do it as well. Of course, you're still limited to the permissions that the host has given you. If they don't allow you to follow symlinks as a policy, you cannot override that within your .htaccess.
AFAIK mod_rewrite works at the 'protocol' level (meaning on the wire HTTP). So I suspect you are getting HTTP 302 with your directory path in the location.
So I'm afraid you might be stuck unless.. your hosting lets you follow symbolic links; so you can link to that location (assuming you have shell access or this is possible using FTP or your control panel) under your current document root.
Edit: It actually mentions URL-file phase hook in the docs so now I suspect the directory directives aren't allowing enough permissions.
This tells you what you need to know.
The requested URL /www/htdocs/customername/manual/resourcename.htm
was not found on this server.
It interprets RewriteRule ^manual(/(.*))?$ /www/htdocs/customername/manual/$2 [L] to mean rewrite example.com/manual/ as if it were example.com/www/htdocs/customername/manual/.
Try
RewriteRule ^manual(/(.*))?$ /customername/manual/$2 [L]
instead.