what is the difference between VB vs VBA? - vba

I am working on this project (an AddIn) for Excel 2007. It use aspose cells for this purpose as well as C#. I didn't write the code, but took over the project from somebody else. So I am still learning the excel portion as I know only C#. I did notice there is some code for creating workbook/worksheet. How do I know if its written in VB or VBA so that i can learn it?The file extensions are like .cls, .frm, .bas etc. I am using Visual Studio 2010.
Also the workbook/worksheets are password protected after creation.When I tried to change the password through VB/VBA code(whatever it is), it creates errors during build such as identifier expected, declaration expected etc.But when I undid the changes, all the errors disappeared. The only change I made was change the string that stored the password. (string "password" was changed to "password1") and suddenly other lines of code started getting errors.The errors are identifier expected, declaration expected etc. and that doesn't make sense to me. So i had to change the password through C# after it was password protected through VB/VBA.
Also, how do I debug VB/VBA code. I tried putting breakpoints through VS2010 , but it's not hitting them when I run the project.I am sure the worksheets are created using VB/VBA and so its getting inside those codes, but cant debug.
I open the AddIn using Visual Studio2010 and that's how work with the code,both C# and VB/VBA.I dont modify anything using Alt+F11.

.cls, .frm, and .bas are VBA files. I suggest you try debugging the code in Excel using the VBE (the Visual Studio equivillent for VBA). It's quite easy to debug in that enviornment.
The difference between VB (VB.Net) and VBA is quite big. That being said, VBA is a rather simple language, so if you have managed to grasp C#, I'm sure you can learn VBA with a little bit of reading and experimentation.
If you have a question about the actual code, I suggest you post it as a seperate question. :)

How do you get to the code? If through Excel by using the VBE, for instance by pressing Alt+F11, then it is VBA. If you open a project, then it is probably VB (VB6). Note that VB.NET use the .vb extension. Moreover, since VBA is a subset of VB then if you export VBA from a VBE project, the exported files default to their VB cousin's file extensions.
We really need to know how you get to the code.
Like I said, VBA (6.x) is a subset of VB6. The Excel part is just an object model that uses VBA. VB.NET is different and is not the case because the file extensions are wrong.
Therefore, concentrate on learning on VBA and Excel 2007 Object Model
MSDN Search for VBA at http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Search/en-US?query=VBA&ac=8.
Creating VBA Macros to Manipulate Worksheets in Excel 2007 at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd553655(v=office.12).aspx.
This article VBA Interoperability with Visual Studio Tools for the Office System (3.0) at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb931201(v=office.12).aspx should help.

Related

Diff and merging of VBA in Visual Studio 2017

We have a project with components written in Excel/VBA. We use Git on Azure Devops for source control.
The other components are written in C++ and we use Visual Studio 2017 as IDE. We use the VS Team explorer for the git operations. The VBA code is exported and imported from Excel using vbaDeveloper tool. The diff and merge tool is the internal vsDiffMerge.exe.
After a colleague recently rebased his development branch on master, the VBA code got corrupted on seemingly random places.
Some of the corruption seems to indicate that something tried to parse the text according to a syntax, for example:
"Option Explicit" was changed to "Option Explicit On" on alot of places (VBA doesn't have that syntax, but VB6 does)
Added parenthesis after calls to subroutines (VBA doesn't allow these for subroutines, only for functions)
Other kinds of corruption was just random:
Missing declarations of parameters and variables, and functions
Missing parts of code
Random characters in code (e.g. chinese letters)
Is it possible that vsDiffMerge.exe has tried to be too smart here and interpret the VBA source code files (.cls, .bas, .frm) as VB6/VB.NET and done some own modifications?

EXCEL User Defined Function - Can't find project or library without any MISSING reference

I developed a user defined function in my computer and save the document as XLSM. When I distributed it to other users in my company, they get "Can't find project or library" error as long as they open the workbook and then hit "Enable Macros".
If they hit Debug, the yellow line will fall on the head line of the user defined function, like this
Then I checked the Tools - Reference of VBE, but find nothing missing in all computers (mine and other users').
But the Reference is a little bit difference,
In my computer, it is
In other users' computer, it is
The only difference is the highlighted line. In my computer it is Microsoft office 16.0 Object Library, since I installed Project 2016 with Excel 2013. While others' are 15.0.
By the way, I get the above picture before I hit the "Enable Macro" button since once I hit it, the error message will show for infinite times and I will never be able to go into the Reference in VBE. Therefore it is possible that there will be a MISSING reference when the code is actually running.
This problem is very likely caused by the different versions of Microsoft Office Object Library.
You can try to export the VBA code and remove the VBA module in your xlsm file, and then reinsert the VBA code back in users' computers. Usually the problem will be solved.
The reason why this problem occurs is that Excel actually DOES save the compiled code of VBA, though we never see any compiled codes or compiled packages. When other users open your Macros Enabled file, Excel will automatically run the compiled machine code instead of the readable source code. Due to different interfaces (I guess it is called interface?) for different libraries in machine codes, Excel cannot find the library and error occurs.
So you can also try to decompile your VBA code before you distribute your XLSM files. Visit this page to download the tool for decompiling your XLSM file:
VBA Decompiler
This likely happens when you use early-binding somewhere in your code (I don't see this happening in the codepart on the screenshot).
A workaround would be to change your code to use late-binding. Please have a look at the answer of Siddharth Rout in
Preventing Excel VBA compile errors due to users having an older version of MS Office (MS Outlook) installed? for more information.

Variable declearation and option explicit in vba excel 2013 [duplicate]

So I'm having to run someone else's excel app on my PC, and I'm getting "Can't find Project or Library" on standard functions such as date, format, hex, mid, etc.
Some research indicates that if I prefix these functions with "VBA." as in "VBA.Date" then it'll work fine.
Webpages suggest it has to do with my project references on my system, whereas they must be ok on the developer's system. I'm going to be dealing with this for some time from others, and will be distributing these applications to many others, so I need to understand what's wrong with my excel setup that I need to fix, or what needs to be changed in the xls file so that it'll run on a variety of systems. I'd like to avoid making everyone use "VBA." as an explicit reference, but if there's no ideal solution I suppose that's what we'll have to do.
How do I make "VBA." implicit in my project properties/references/etc?
-Adam
I have seen errors on standard functions if there was a reference to a totally different library missing.
In the VBA editor launch the Compile command from the menu and then check the References dialog to see if there is anything missing and if so try to add these libraries.
In general it seems to be good practice to compile the complete VBA code and then saving the document before distribution.
I had the same problem. This worked for me:
In VB go to Tools ยป References
Uncheck the library "Crystal Analysis Common Controls 1.0". Or any library.
Just leave these 5 references:
Visual Basic For Applications (This is the library that defines the VBA language.)
Microsoft Excel Object Library (This defines all of the elements of Excel.)
OLE Automation (This specifies the types for linking and embedding documents and for automation of other applications and the "plumbing" of the COM system that Excel uses to communicate with the outside world.)
Microsoft Office (This defines things that are common to all Office programs such as Command Bars and Command Bar controls.)
Microsoft Forms 2.0 This is required if you are using a User Form. This library defines things like the user form and the controls that you can place on a form.
Then Save.
I have experienced this exact problem and found, on the users machine, one of the libraries I depended on was marked as "MISSING" in the references dialog. In that case it was some office font library that was available in my version of Office 2007, but not on the client desktop.
The error you get is a complete red herring (as pointed out by divo).
Fortunately I wasn't using anything from the library, so I was able to remove it from the XLA references entirely. I guess, an extension of divo' suggested best practice would be for testing to check the XLA on all the target Office versions (not a bad idea in any case).
In my case, it was that the function was AMBIGUOUS as it was defined in the VBA library (present in my references), and also in the Microsoft Office Object Library (also present). I removed the Microsoft Office Object Library, and voila! No need to use the VBA. prefix.
In my case, I could not even open "References" in the Visual Basic window. I even tried reinstalling Office 365 and that didn't work. Finally, I tried disabling macros in the "Trust Center" settings. When I restarted Excel, I got the warning message that macros were disabled, and when I clicked on "enable" I no longer got the error message.
Later I re-enabled all macros in the "Trust Center" settings, and the error message didn't show up!
Hey, if nothing else works for you, try the above; it worked for me! :)
Update:
The issue returned, and this is how I "fixed" it the second time:
I opened my workbook in Excel online (Office 365, in the browser, which doesn't support macros anyway), saved it with a new file name (still using .xlsm file extension), and reopened in the desktop software. It worked.
Even when all references are fine the prefix problem causes compile errors.
What about creating a find and replace sub for all 'built-in VBA functions' in all modules,
like this:
replace text in code module
e.g. "= Date" will be replaced with "= VBA.Date".
e.g. " Date(" will be replaced with " VBA.Date(" .
(excluding "dim t As Date" or "mydate")
All vba functions for find and replace are written here :
vba functions list
For those of you who haven't found any of the other answers work for you.
Try this:
Close out of the file, email it to yourself or if you're at work, paste it from the network drive to your desktop, anything to get it to open in "protected mode".
Now open the file
DON'T CLICK ANY ENABLE EDITING OR THE YELLOW RIBBON
Go to the VBA Editor
Go to Debug - - Compile VBA Project, if "Compile VBA Project" is greyed out, then you may need to click the yellow ribbon one time to enable the content, but DO NOT enable macros.
After you click Compile, save, close out of the file. Reopen it, enable everything and it should be OK. This has worked for me 100% of the time.
In my case I was checking work done on my office computer (with Visio installed) at home (no Visio). Even though VBA appeared to be getting hung up on simple default functions, the problem was that I had references to the Visio libraries still active.
I found references to an AVAYA/CMS programme file? Totally random, this was in MS Access, nothing to do with AVAYA. I do have AVAYA on my PC, and others don't, so this explains why it worked on my machine and not others - but not how Access got linked to AVAYA. Anyway - I just unchecked the reference and that seems to have fixed the problem
I've had this error on and off for around two years in a several XLSM files (which is most annoying as when it occurs there is nothing wrong with the file! - I suspect orphaned Excel processes are part of the problem)
The most efficient solution I had found has been to use Python with oletools
https://github.com/decalage2/oletools/wiki/Install and extract the VBA code all the modules and save in a text file.
Then I simply rename the file to zip file (backup just in case!), open up this zip file and delete the xl/vbaProject.bin file. Rename back to XLSX and should be good to go.
Copy in the saved VBA code (which will need cleaning of line breaks, comments and other stuff. Will also need to add in missing libraries.
This has saved me when other methods haven't.
YMMV.

Add VBA Project to Visio Document by Using Code

I've been asked to create a macro to update a few hundred or so Visio drawings, and keep them updated.
The update involves putting all objects of a certain type on their own layer - simple.
Now, this is easy enough to do, but when a user adds a new object some time in the future it will likely be on a default layer. So I had hoped to be able to include a VBA macro which is triggered by the Save event to re-assign objects to their layers.
The problem here is that I'd need to include this macro in every document since Visio doesn't have an application level VBA project.
Is there any way to introduce a VBA project to ALL Visio documents using code (VBA or otherwise)?? Or is there an alternative I might not have considered? Unfortunately an Add-in is not really an option due to available resources.
You have a couple options here:
Force every user to allow programmatic access to the VBA project for their documents, and use VBA automation to add code. This works nicely when you have programmatic access, but this can be difficult to assure.
If you're not using Visio 2013, you can actually save a document as VDX (xml) and replace the data for the VBA project with your own (you'd save out a document as VDX manually, and copy out the chunk of data for the VBA project). As I said, this wouldn't work with Visio 2013 since they seem to have eliminated the VDX format. You probably can get away with something similar with the VSDX XML format for 2013.
You can 'migrate' everyone's documents to a new VST file you provide. This would just involve copying and pasting all the content from a document into the new document that has your code in it. You have to be careful though to make sure all the document- and page-level data comes along, too (meaning DocumentSheet and PageSheet and any Document XML properties that may be important, and attributes like Author, Description, etc...)
Item 1 is the easiest, aside from the pain getting programmatic access to VBA Projects, unless you can have people send you documents to migrate.

VBA favourite code management

Just like Visual Studio allows us to drag our favourite code to toolbox and then use it later in any project. Do VBA allows this kind of functionality by any chance.?
What is the best way to manage the favourtie/reptitive vba code which i can use it in multiple workbooks?
In Excel you can possibly use Personal.XLSB file which could be a kind of container for all subroutines which you refer to quite often. You can create and organise them in modules, class modules. Some UserForms can be placed there as well. Each time you open Excel Personal.XLSB would be the first opened workbook then.
How to create 'Personal.XLSB' if you don't have it? Go to excel, start recording macro but before you press OK choose something like 'Personal Macro Workbook' on the second list. Do not forget to save it each time you leave Excel to keep all changes in your code.
VBA doesn't have a similar feature, no.
You can export your classes and modules to standalone files, and import them into other VBA projects. And some apps, such as Microsoft Word, have features to share macros between documents, in the case of Word by attaching those macros to the Normal template. But there is no feature to reuse small snippets of code.
Have a look at MZTools ... there are versions for VB of various flavors, and for VBA. I'm not sure if it's suitable for handling huge numbers of code snippets but for smallish amounts it should be fine. It's free and has dozens of other hugely useful features.