This code had been working fine until just recently. I hadn't' changed anything nor upgraded my system and I'm completely flummoxed.
I've been using it for 6 years and now it dies on me.
Is there an easier or better way of running an applescript from within a cocoa application? At this point I'm happy to pay to fix this problem!
utils.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#interface Utils : NSObject
// Runs an applescript with a given map of variables (name/value)
+ (NSArray *)runApplescript:(NSString *)source withVariables:(NSDictionary *)variables;
// Runs an applescript from a file pathwith a given map of variables
// (name/value)
+ (NSArray *)runApplescriptFromFile:(NSString *)scriptName withVariables:(NSDictionary *)variables;
+ (NSArray *)arrayFromDescriptor:(NSAppleEventDescriptor *)descriptor;
// String is empty or only has white characters (space, tab...)
+ (BOOL)stringIsEmptyOrWhite:(NSString *)string;
#end
Utils.M
#import "Utils.h"
#implementation Utils
+ (NSArray *)arrayFromDescriptor:(NSAppleEventDescriptor *)descriptor {
// Enumerate the apple descriptors (lists) returned by the applescript and
// make them into arrays
NSMutableArray *returnArray = [NSMutableArray array];
NSInteger counter, count = [descriptor numberOfItems];
for (counter = 1; counter <= count; counter++) {
NSAppleEventDescriptor *desc = [descriptor descriptorAtIndex:counter];
if (nil != [desc descriptorAtIndex:1]) {
[returnArray addObject:[Utils arrayFromDescriptor:desc]];
} else {
NSString *stringValue = [[descriptor descriptorAtIndex:counter] stringValue];
if (nil != stringValue) {
[returnArray addObject:stringValue];
} else {
[returnArray addObject:#""];
}
}
}
return returnArray;
}
+ (NSString *)escapeCharacters:(NSString *)string {
return [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:#"\"" withString:#"\\\""];
}
+ (NSArray *)runApplescript:(NSString *)source withVariables:(NSDictionary *)variables {
NSString *input = #"";
NSArray *variableNames = [variables allKeys];
// Transform the dictionary of names/values to set sentences of applescript
for (NSString *variableName in variableNames) {
NSObject *variableValue = [variables objectForKey:variableName];
if ([variableValue isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) {
input =
[input stringByAppendingString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"set %# to (\"%#\" as text)\n", variableName,
[Utils escapeCharacters:variableValue], nil]];
} else if ([variableValue isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]) {
input = [input stringByAppendingString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"set %# to (%# as integer)\n",
variableName, variableValue, nil]];
} else if ([variableValue isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {
// Initialize a list
NSString *entry;
NSArray *values = (NSArray *)variableValue;
input = [input stringByAppendingString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"set %# to {", variableName]];
BOOL first = TRUE;
for (entry in values) {
if (!first) {
input = [input stringByAppendingString:#", "];
}
input = [input
stringByAppendingString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"\"%#\"", [Utils escapeCharacters:entry], nil]];
first = FALSE;
}
input = [input stringByAppendingString:#"}\n"];
}
}
NSString *finalScript = [input stringByAppendingString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"\n\n%#", source]];
NSLog(#"Final script: %#", finalScript);
NSAppleScript *script = [[NSAppleScript alloc] initWithSource:finalScript];
NSDictionary *error;
NSAppleEventDescriptor *descriptor = [script executeAndReturnError:&error];
NSLog(#"applescript error: %#", [error description]);
// Transform the return value of applescript to nested nsarrays
return [Utils arrayFromDescriptor:descriptor];
}
+ (NSArray *)runApplescriptFromFile:(NSString *)scriptName withVariables:(NSDictionary *)variables {
NSString *scriptPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:scriptName ofType:#"applescript"];
NSString *scriptSource =
[[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:scriptPath encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding error:nil];
return [Utils runApplescript:scriptSource withVariables:variables];
}
+ (BOOL)stringIsEmptyOrWhite:(NSString *)string {
string = [string stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceCharacterSet]];
return [string isEqualToString:#""];
}
#end
Easier, yes, although whether that’s your actual problem is another question.
http://appscript.sourceforge.net/asoc.html
I assume you’ve already got other details, including sandboxing and hardening settings and plist entries, taken care of. (Recent Xcode upgrades also had a habit of breaking it when auto-upgrading your project files, by turning on hardening for you so Apple events can’t get out.)
I am fresher to iOS, i am getting problem at checking string object contains URL or string?
NSMutableArray *Arr=[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithObject:#"Welcome", #"http://abcd.com/Images/bus.png", nil];
int i;
i++;
NSString *str=[Arr objectAtIndex:i];
Now, i want to check condition, if string contains "Welcome", have to display on label or if it is URL , i need to display that URL image in ImageView. So how can i check it? Please help me in this problem.
Instead of initiating both as NSStrings, try differentiating between them by making urls a NSURL (special container specifically for urls):
NSMutableArray* Arr = [NSMutableArray alloc]initWithObject:#"Welcome", [NSURL URLWithString:#"http://abcd.com/Images/bus.png"], nil];
for(id object in Arr)
{
if([object isKindOfClass:[NSString class]])
{
NSString* string = object;
NSLog(#"String: %#", string);
}
else if([object isKindOfClass:[NSURL class]])
{
NSURL* url = object;
NSLog(#"URL: %#", url);
}
}
Try like this
NSMutableArray *Arr=[[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithObjects:#"Welcome", #"http://abcd.com/Images/bus.png",nil];
NSString *st=nil;
for(NSString *string in Arr)
{
NSArray *matches = [detector
matchesInString:string
options:0
range:NSMakeRange(0,
[string length])];
for (NSTextCheckingResult *match in
matches) {
if ([match resultType] ==
NSTextCheckingTypeLink) {
NSURL *url = [match URL];
} else
{
NSlog(#"it is a string");
}
}
}
Try this, it will help you:
NSMutableArray *Arr=[[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithObjects:#"Welcome", #"http://abcd.com/Images/bus.png", nil];
if([Arr count])
{
for (NSString *str in Arr)
{
if([str isEqualToString:#"Welcome"])
{
NSLog(#"str is %#",str);
//do whatever you want
}
if([str isEqualToString:#"http://abcd.com/Images/bus.png"])
{
NSLog(#"str is %#",str);
//do whatever you want
}
}
}
To check NSString is containing a URL You can Try This code
if ([stringName hasPrefix:#"http://"] || [stringName hasPrefix:#"https://"]) {
//show imageVivew
}
With all the URL-handling objects lying around in the standard Cocoa libraries (NSURL, NSMutableURL, NSMutableURLRequest, etc), I know I must be overlooking an easy way to programmatically compose a GET request.
Currently I'm manually appending "?" followed by name value pairs joined by "&", but all of my name and value pairs need to be manually encoded so NSMutableURLRequest doesn't fail entirely when it tries to connect to the URL.
This feels like something I should be able to use a pre-baked API for.... is there anything out of the box to append an NSDictionary of query parameters to an NSURL? Is there another way I should approach this?
Introduced in iOS8 and OS X 10.10 is NSURLQueryItem, which can be used to build queries. From the docs on NSURLQueryItem:
An NSURLQueryItem object represents a single name/value pair for an item in the query portion of a URL. You use query items with the queryItems property of an NSURLComponents object.
To create one use the designated initializer queryItemWithName:value: and then add them to NSURLComponents to generate an NSURL. For example:
NSURLComponents *components = [NSURLComponents componentsWithString:#"http://stackoverflow.com"];
NSURLQueryItem *search = [NSURLQueryItem queryItemWithName:#"q" value:#"ios"];
NSURLQueryItem *count = [NSURLQueryItem queryItemWithName:#"count" value:#"10"];
components.queryItems = #[ search, count ];
NSURL *url = components.URL; // http://stackoverflow.com?q=ios&count=10
Notice that the question mark and ampersand are automatically handled. Creating an NSURL from a dictionary of parameters is as simple as:
NSDictionary *queryDictionary = #{ #"q": #"ios", #"count": #"10" };
NSMutableArray *queryItems = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSString *key in queryDictionary) {
[queryItems addObject:[NSURLQueryItem queryItemWithName:key value:queryDictionary[key]]];
}
components.queryItems = queryItems;
I've also written a blog post on how to build URLs with NSURLComponents and NSURLQueryItems.
You can create a category for NSDictionary to do this -- there isn't a standard way in the Cocoa library that I could find either. The code that I use looks like this:
// file "NSDictionary+UrlEncoding.h"
#import <cocoa/cocoa.h>
#interface NSDictionary (UrlEncoding)
-(NSString*) urlEncodedString;
#end
with this implementation:
// file "NSDictionary+UrlEncoding.m"
#import "NSDictionary+UrlEncoding.h"
// helper function: get the string form of any object
static NSString *toString(id object) {
return [NSString stringWithFormat: #"%#", object];
}
// helper function: get the url encoded string form of any object
static NSString *urlEncode(id object) {
NSString *string = toString(object);
return [string stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}
#implementation NSDictionary (UrlEncoding)
-(NSString*) urlEncodedString {
NSMutableArray *parts = [NSMutableArray array];
for (id key in self) {
id value = [self objectForKey: key];
NSString *part = [NSString stringWithFormat: #"%#=%#", urlEncode(key), urlEncode(value)];
[parts addObject: part];
}
return [parts componentsJoinedByString: #"&"];
}
#end
I think the code's pretty straightforward, but I discuss it in some more detail at http://blog.ablepear.com/2008/12/urlencoding-category-for-nsdictionary.html.
I wanted to use Chris's answer, but it wasn't written for Automatic Reference Counting (ARC) so I updated it. I thought I'd paste my solution in case anyone else has this same issue. Note: replace self with the instance or class name where appropriate.
+(NSString*)urlEscapeString:(NSString *)unencodedString
{
CFStringRef originalStringRef = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)unencodedString;
NSString *s = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL,originalStringRef, NULL, (CFStringRef)#"!*'\"();:#&=+$,/?%#[]% ", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
CFRelease(originalStringRef);
return s;
}
+(NSString*)addQueryStringToUrlString:(NSString *)urlString withDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dictionary
{
NSMutableString *urlWithQuerystring = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:urlString];
for (id key in dictionary) {
NSString *keyString = [key description];
NSString *valueString = [[dictionary objectForKey:key] description];
if ([urlWithQuerystring rangeOfString:#"?"].location == NSNotFound) {
[urlWithQuerystring appendFormat:#"?%#=%#", [self urlEscapeString:keyString], [self urlEscapeString:valueString]];
} else {
[urlWithQuerystring appendFormat:#"&%#=%#", [self urlEscapeString:keyString], [self urlEscapeString:valueString]];
}
}
return urlWithQuerystring;
}
The other answers work great if the values are strings, however if the values are dictionaries or arrays then this code will handle that.
Its important to note that there is no standard way of passing an array/dictionary via the query string but PHP handles this output just fine
-(NSString *)serializeParams:(NSDictionary *)params {
/*
Convert an NSDictionary to a query string
*/
NSMutableArray* pairs = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSString* key in [params keyEnumerator]) {
id value = [params objectForKey:key];
if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]) {
for (NSString *subKey in value) {
NSString* escaped_value = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL,
(CFStringRef)[value objectForKey:subKey],
NULL,
(CFStringRef)#"!*'();:#&=+$,/?%#[]",
kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
[pairs addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#[%#]=%#", key, subKey, escaped_value]];
}
} else if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {
for (NSString *subValue in value) {
NSString* escaped_value = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL,
(CFStringRef)subValue,
NULL,
(CFStringRef)#"!*'();:#&=+$,/?%#[]",
kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
[pairs addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#[]=%#", key, escaped_value]];
}
} else {
NSString* escaped_value = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL,
(CFStringRef)[params objectForKey:key],
NULL,
(CFStringRef)#"!*'();:#&=+$,/?%#[]",
kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
[pairs addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#=%#", key, escaped_value]];
[escaped_value release];
}
}
return [pairs componentsJoinedByString:#"&"];
}
Examples
[foo] => bar
[translations] =>
{
[one] => uno
[two] => dos
[three] => tres
}
foo=bar&translations[one]=uno&translations[two]=dos&translations[three]=tres
[foo] => bar
[translations] =>
{
uno
dos
tres
}
foo=bar&translations[]=uno&translations[]=dos&translations[]=tres
I refactored and converted to ARC answer by AlBeebe
- (NSString *)serializeParams:(NSDictionary *)params {
NSMutableArray *pairs = NSMutableArray.array;
for (NSString *key in params.keyEnumerator) {
id value = params[key];
if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]])
for (NSString *subKey in value)
[pairs addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#[%#]=%#", key, subKey, [self escapeValueForURLParameter:[value objectForKey:subKey]]]];
else if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]])
for (NSString *subValue in value)
[pairs addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#[]=%#", key, [self escapeValueForURLParameter:subValue]]];
else
[pairs addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#=%#", key, [self escapeValueForURLParameter:value]]];
}
return [pairs componentsJoinedByString:#"&"];
}
- (NSString *)escapeValueForURLParameter:(NSString *)valueToEscape {
return (__bridge_transfer NSString *) CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL, (__bridge CFStringRef) valueToEscape,
NULL, (CFStringRef) #"!*'();:#&=+$,/?%#[]", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
}
If you are already using AFNetworking (as was the case with me), you can use it's class AFHTTPRequestSerializer to create the required NSURLRequest.
[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:#"GET" URLString:#"YOUR_URL" parameters:#{PARAMS} error:nil];
In case you only require the URL for your work, use NSURLRequest.URL.
Here is a simple example in Swift (iOS8+):
private let kSNStockInfoFetchRequestPath: String = "http://dev.markitondemand.com/Api/v2/Quote/json"
private func SNStockInfoFetchRequestURL(symbol:String) -> NSURL? {
if let components = NSURLComponents(string:kSNStockInfoFetchRequestPath) {
components.queryItems = [NSURLQueryItem(name:"symbol", value:symbol)]
return components.URL
}
return nil
}
I took Joel's recommendation of using URLQueryItems and turned into a Swift Extension (Swift 3)
extension URL
{
/// Creates an NSURL with url-encoded parameters.
init?(string : String, parameters : [String : String])
{
guard var components = URLComponents(string: string) else { return nil }
components.queryItems = parameters.map { return URLQueryItem(name: $0, value: $1) }
guard let url = components.url else { return nil }
// Kinda redundant, but we need to call init.
self.init(string: url.absoluteString)
}
}
(The self.init method is kinda cheesy, but there was no NSURL init with components)
Can be used as
URL(string: "http://www.google.com/", parameters: ["q" : "search me"])
I've got another solution:
http://splinter.com.au/build-a-url-query-string-in-obj-c-from-a-dict
+(NSString*)urlEscape:(NSString *)unencodedString {
NSString *s = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL,
(CFStringRef)unencodedString,
NULL,
(CFStringRef)#"!*'\"();:#&=+$,/?%#[]% ",
kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
return [s autorelease]; // Due to the 'create rule' we own the above and must autorelease it
}
// Put a query string onto the end of a url
+(NSString*)addQueryStringToUrl:(NSString *)url params:(NSDictionary *)params {
NSMutableString *urlWithQuerystring = [[[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:url] autorelease];
// Convert the params into a query string
if (params) {
for(id key in params) {
NSString *sKey = [key description];
NSString *sVal = [[params objectForKey:key] description];
// Do we need to add ?k=v or &k=v ?
if ([urlWithQuerystring rangeOfString:#"?"].location==NSNotFound) {
[urlWithQuerystring appendFormat:#"?%#=%#", [Http urlEscape:sKey], [Http urlEscape:sVal]];
} else {
[urlWithQuerystring appendFormat:#"&%#=%#", [Http urlEscape:sKey], [Http urlEscape:sVal]];
}
}
}
return urlWithQuerystring;
}
You can then use it like so:
NSDictionary *params = #{#"username":#"jim", #"password":#"abc123"};
NSString *urlWithQuerystring = [self addQueryStringToUrl:#"https://myapp.com/login" params:params];
-(NSString*)encodeDictionary:(NSDictionary*)dictionary{
NSMutableString *bodyData = [[NSMutableString alloc]init];
int i = 0;
for (NSString *key in dictionary.allKeys) {
i++;
[bodyData appendFormat:#"%#=",key];
NSString *value = [dictionary valueForKey:key];
NSString *newString = [value stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:#" " withString:#"+"];
[bodyData appendString:newString];
if (i < dictionary.allKeys.count) {
[bodyData appendString:#"&"];
}
}
return bodyData;
}
Yet another solution, if you use RestKit there's a function in RKURLEncodedSerialization called RKURLEncodedStringFromDictionaryWithEncoding that does exactly what you want.
Simple way of converting NSDictionary to url query string in Objective-c
Ex: first_name=Steve&middle_name=Gates&last_name=Jobs&address=Palo Alto, California
NSDictionary *sampleDictionary = #{#"first_name" : #"Steve",
#"middle_name" : #"Gates",
#"last_name" : #"Jobs",
#"address" : #"Palo Alto, California"};
NSMutableString *resultString = [NSMutableString string];
for (NSString* key in [sampleDictionary allKeys]){
if ([resultString length]>0)
[resultString appendString:#"&"];
[resultString appendFormat:#"%#=%#", key, [sampleDictionary objectForKey:key]];
}
NSLog(#"QueryString: %#", resultString);
Hope will help :)
If you are already using AFNetwork, you can use their built in serializer to to produce an encoded URL;
NSString *baseURL = #"https://api.app.com/parse";
NSDictionary *mutableParameters = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:#"true",#"option1", data, #"option2", token, #"token", #"3.0", #"app", nil];
NSURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:#"GET" URLString:baseURL parameters:mutableParameters error:nil];
NSString *urlPath = request.URL.absoluteString;
NSLog(#"%#", urlPath); // https://api.app.com/parse?option1=true&option2=datavalue&token=200%3ATEST%3AENCODE ....
Note; this is an extension to an above answer. The edit queue is full so cannot be added to the existing answer.
I make some method, that takes digits and operands from stack and display it in a more user friendly style. The problem is with descriptionString variable, it return null in part when topOfStack is "+". I show a log below.
+(NSString *)descriptionOfTopOfStack:(NSMutableArray *)stack
{
NSString *descriptionString;
id topOfStack = [stack lastObject];
NSString *secondInStack;
NSString *thirdInStack;
if (topOfStack)
[stack removeLastObject];
if ([topOfStack isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]) {
descriptionString = [topOfStack stringValue];
}
else if([topOfStack isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]){
if(([topOfStack isEqualToString:#"+"]) || ([topOfStack isEqualToString:#"—"])){
secondInStack = [self descriptionOfTopOfStack:stack];
thirdInStack = [self descriptionOfTopOfStack:stack];
descriptionString = [descriptionString stringByAppendingFormat:#"%# %# %#",thirdInStack,topOfStack,secondInStack];
NSLog(#"description is %#",descriptionString);
}
}
return descriptionString;
}
i made example with 2 + 6, this is log:
2012-02-21 22:09:39.983 Calculator[12536:f803] stack = (
2,
6,
"+"
)
2012-02-21 22:09:39.983 Calculator[12536:f803] description is (null)
Why descriptionString is null? Where i made a mistake? Thanks
In the line:
descriptionString = [descriptionString stringByAppendingFormat:#"%# %# %#",thirdInStack,topOfStack,secondInStack];
The variable descriptionString is nil. Replace that line with the following.
descriptionString = [NSString stringWithFormat:#"%# %# %#",thirdInStack,topOfStack,secondInStack];
I suspect you are not setting a value to the descriptionString variable in the other branch of the if, so you are appending string to null. You could set the variable, or you could use [NSString stringWithFormat:format]:
if ([topOfStack isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]) {
descriptionString = [topOfStack stringValue];
}
else if([topOfStack isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]){
if(([topOfStack isEqualToString:#"+"]) || ([topOfStack isEqualToString:#"—"])){
secondInStack = [self descriptionOfTopOfStack:stack];
thirdInStack = [self descriptionOfTopOfStack:stack];
descriptionString = [NSString stringWithFormat:#"%# %# %#",thirdInStack,topOfStack,secondInStack];
NSLog(#"description is %#",descriptionString);
}
}
im trying to get the same value on xmlDictionary and dicionarioXML but, my dicionarioXML its allway (null), any help?
#synthesize xmlDictionary;
-(NSString*)buscaDados:(NSData*) dados
{
NSString * responseContent = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:[dados bytes] length:[dados length] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSError *parseError = nil;
xmlDictionary = [XMLReader dictionaryForXMLString:responseContent error:&parseError];
[responseContent release];
NSString* sucesso=[xmlDictionary valueForKeyPath:#"receitas.total.text"];
NSLog(#"xmlDictionary: %#",xmlDictionary);
return sucesso;
}
-(NSDictionary*)trataDados
{
NSDictionary* dicionarioXML = [self xmlDictionary];
NSLog(#"dicionarioXML: %#",dicionarioXML);
return dicionarioXML;
}
Null means something doesn't exist. What error are you getting back?
NSLog(#"Error: %#", parseError);