Time range- Sql - sql

Question

please help me with my problem. So, I have a table named 'RATES' which contains these columns:
id (int)
rate (money)
start_time (datetime)
end_time(datetime)
example data:
1 150 8:00am 6:00pm
2 200 6:00pm 4:00am
3 250 8:00am 4:00am (the next day)
What I have to do is to select all the id(s) to where a given time would fall.
e.g given time: 9:00 pm, the output should be 2,3
The problem is I got this time range between 8am to 4am the next day and I don't know what to do. Help, please! thanks in advance :D

Answer 1

Assuming that #Andriy M is correct:
Data never spans more than 24 hours
if end_time<=start_time then end_time belongs to the next day
then what you're looking for is this:
Declare #GivenTime DateTime
Set #GivenTime = '9:00 PM'
Select ID
From Rates
Where (Start_Time<End_Time And Start_Time<=#GivenTime And End_Time>=#GivenTime)
Or (Start_Time=End_Time And Start_Time=#GivenTime)
Or (Start_Time>End_Time And (Start_Time>=#GivenTime Or End_Time<=#GivenTime))

Answer 2

I don't really ever use MS SQL, but maybe this will help.
I was going to suggest something like this, but by the way you have your data set up, this would fail.
SELECT id FROM RATES
WHERE datepart(hh, start_time) <= 9 AND datepart(hh, end_time) >= 9;
You'll have you search using the actual date if you expect to get the correct data back.
SELECT id FROM RATES
WHERE start_time <= '2011-1-1 9:00' AND end_time >= '2011-1-1 9:00';
This may not be exactly correct, but it may help you look in the right direction.

Answer 3

I guess #gbn is not going to help you. I will try and fill in.
Given -- a table called timedata that has ranges only going over at most one day
WITH normalized AS
(
SELECT *
FROM timedata
WHERE datepart(day,start_time) = datepart(day,endtime)
UNION ALL
SELECT id, rate, start_time, dateadd(second,dateadd(day,datediff(day,0,end_time),0),-1) as end_time
FROM timedata
WHERE not (datepart(day,start_time) = datepart(day,endtime))
UNION ALL
SELECT id, rate,dateadd(day,datediff(day,0,end_time),0) as start_time, end_time
FROM timedata
WHERE not (datepart(day,start_time) = datepart(day,endtime))
)
SELECT *
FROM normalized
WHERE datepart(hour,start_time) < #inhour
AND datepart(hour,end_time) > #inhour
This makes use of a CTE and a trick to truncate datetime values. To understand this trick read this question and answer: Floor a date in SQL server
Here is an outline of what this query does:
Create a normalized table with each time span only going over one day by
Selecting all rows that occur on the same day.
Then for each entry that spans two days joining in
Selecting the starttime and one second before the next day as the end time for all that span.
and
Selecting 12am of the end_time date as the starttime and the end_time.
Finally you perform the select using the hour indicator on this normalized table.
If your ranges go over more than one day you would need to use a recursive CTE to get the same normalized table.