Hey, friends, I am using squeak for developing and I found primitives is useful, every comment belong to primitives all mentioned
See Object documentation whatIsAPrimitive
Any friend can help where to see the object document whatIsAPrimitive, thanks first!
You find this documentation as follows: open a class browser, search for the class Object, go to the class side, and look for the method whatIsAPrimitive.
Alternatively, you can select the word whatIsAPrimitive and hit Ctrl-m (or Apple-m on Mac) to search for a method with that name.
Related
I wanted to create a few macros for LibreOffice using BASIC. However I cannot find the API description. It is absent in help as well as in interet. When I try to google it I get masses of examples in C++, Java, Python, but not a single www with BASIC.
For example where from can I get the hierarchy of objects and their methods?
LibreOffice Basic uses essentially the same API as PyUNO and Java. That is, they all use the UNO API. To get started, the OpenOffice development guide helpfully describes the two main ways to step into the object hierarchy, the Global variables ThisComponent and, less commonly, StarDesktop. There also is a specialty variant in LO Base, ThisDatabaseDocument. To get the properties and methods of these objects, execute MsgBox oObject.DBG_properties or .DBG_methods. It often is easier to copy the longer lists that are returned by this method into a text editor for searching. You will find that all, or nearly all, of the methods and properties you reveal will be described in the LibreOffice UNO IDL API. The documentation for the API is not that descriptive, but you will be able to fill in some essential details using that resource Every Object has properties that can be reviewed by .DBG_properties.
The key properties for navigating the object hierarchy are .Parent, .Model, .CurrentController and occasionally .Source. The key methods are getByName() and getByIndex(). It also is helpful that events which trigger macros typically return an event object whose source or parent is the object that initiated the macro, for example, a command button. This object can be accessed by referring to it along with the Sub, i.e., Sub SubName (oEventObject As Variant)....
I discovered Clamato the other day and want to play a bit with it. I don't seem to find how one can declare and use class variables in Clamato. The docs only mention instance variables.
Here's the link to http://clamato.net/ if you didn't already know it.
Here's the source: http://bitbucket.org/avibryant/clamato/src
Thank you for discovering Tommy.
Will also give a play.
In regard to "class variables", your link above states that the language has "no metaclass hierarchy", so a guess would be no class variables, but could be wrong.
You might want to take a look at amber, another smalltalk implementation for the web browser. It has a lot more traction, I've seen presentations at the FOSDEM and ESUG conferences
I am new to vb.net and very frustrated.
Like all good programmers I want to split my code into separate files based on functionality . Some of my code interacts with users via Forms and some interacts with lab equipment behind the scenes (no direct user interaction). Sometimes a user will change something that will impact the lab equipment and sometimes something will happen with the lab equipment that a user needs to be aware of. When I use VS to create files I have to choose a Module or Form. VS then creates an empty file with a with either
Public Class Foo
End Class
or
Module Foo
End Module
If I have a bunch of files, each a Module, and if I define routines in a Module to be Friend then I can call them from other Modules, so:
Module Foo
Friend Sub DoSomeWork()
End Sub
End Module
Code in Fee can call routines in Foo -
Module Fee
Friend Sub Stuff()
DoSomeWork()
End SUb
End Module
When I create a Form, VS creates a Class. I find that I can call subroutines defined in a Module from a Class but when I try to call from a Module into a Class I get an error that the routine I am trying to call is not declared. I also cannot call from one Class into another Class. Declarations seem to apply only to library routines outside my program.
I have looked through several online explanations and tutorials, but frankly I don't understand these nor do I care about "inheriting from the base class" and all the other gobbledygook that such "explanations" contain. I want to concentrate on building my application.
My Main form has the name "Main"
I tried putting all the module code into the Main Class first by renaming "Module Foo" to "Public Partial Class Main" - bad idea - creates an impossible-to-find duplicate error. I tried creating empty code files, defining them as Public Partial Class Main and putting the Module code into them, - this worked in that code in the Class Main could call the "Module" code (which was now in Main) and vice-versa, but, other Forms (of course I have more than one) are created by VS to have their own Classes and once the "Module" code is moved out of Modules into Class Main the other Forms(Classes) could not call the code anymore.
I just want some recipe (best practice) I can follow to for defining Modules and Classes so that code and data can be shared.
ANSWER from below
To invoke a subroutine in another Class you simply need to put the class name in front of the subroutine name.
So not
DoSomeWork()
but
Foo.DoSOmeWork()
This may be obvious to all of you experienced programmers but not to me. You do not have to prepend a class/module name to a Module-to-Module call or a Class-to-Module call, only to calls that are made into Classes. Personally, for the sake of consistency, I think the things should be the same, but it would probably violate some OO rule. Anyway thank you to all.
Generally, if you have a function that needs to be called from more than one form, or from forms and modules, put it in the main module. If you have an exceptional case and need to call a function or sub in a form from another form or a module, you can declare it to be public:
Public Class Form1
public sub test(i as integer)
...
end sub
end class
and then you can call it by referring to the class.subname:
call form1.test(7)
NomD,
Like all good programmers
you should indeed care
about "inheriting from the base class" and all the other gobbledygook that such "explanations"
This will make you a better programmer and taking the time to understand why proper code structuring is important will also begin to yield better results for you.
I am not sure why two commentors seem to have an issue with VB.Net. The question would be the same regardless of the language, since both are C# and VB are built on .Net. Code can be written poorly in C#, just like VB. Please leave the language wars at home. NormD, the answer to your question should really be to direct you to the resources needed to better understand the problem. Here is an article on scope that might help a bit - class scope. The reason you are getting the behavior that you see is due to what you are working with. Modules (similar to static classes in C#) are created when you program begins, so there is no need to create them. So you can reference a method on a module, like so - module.method. Classes on the other hand, some exceptions, need to be created in order to be referenced. So to use an employee (or form class) you must create a variable of that class. So you would use dim myemp as New Employee() and then call myemp.method() from your module. This is a rather simplistic description, so please read the scope article and other MSDN articles for more information. I am sure other posters can post additional links with good information. Hope this helps a bit.
Wade
It seems like you don't understand the basics of object-oriented programming (OOP).
If you DON'T want to learn how to design your application in an object-oriented way, then only create modules in your application and you will be able to call functions from one to another without any problem. But this will result in code that will not be easily maintainable and scalable.
The other option is to learn OOP by picking a book about it, or following a course or tutorial on the subject. It's a significant investment but it will result in more robust code that will scale better when your application grows.
I am looking for "typical" way one navigates MSDN to get a COM class to do what they want.
Example problem: I am looking for an API way to unblock a local file (remove internet zone/mark of the web from a file programmatically).
I found one post on stackoverflow.com that talked about clsid_persistentzoneidentifier. so i searched in MSDN and got to http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms537029(VS.85).aspx. What I am looking for,is what one does after they get to this url. From this location, I am not able to figure what the sequence of operations should be. How do I connect this IZoneIdentifier to IPersistFile? etc. There must be something basic that I am missing wrt COM related documentation. MSDN has interfaces and objects, but nothing that helps me visualize a "sequence" diagram of sorts. Nothing that will get me to understand which COM objects are from same class. hence can/or should be QueryInterfaced, adn which should be CoCreated.
The documentation for that indicates a few things.
The first is that you can call CoCreateInstance, passing CLSID_PersistentZoneIdentifier to get an implementation of these two interfaces:
IPersistFile
IZoneIdentifier
It also says:
Use IPersistFile to attach the object
to the target file and IZoneIdentifier
to examine or to manipulate the zone
ID.
That being said, you can look at the documentation for IPersistFile here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms687223(VS.85).aspx
It shows that there is a Load method, which is what you want to call with the filename to load the implementation with details about the file.
From there, you can call QueryInterface on the IUnknown interface implementation to get the IZoneIdentifier interface and then call the Remove method on it to set the zone to the local machine.
For that purpose, if it's not obvious from the documentation, I like to find sample programs in which relevent APIs are used: either using Google, or perhaps from whichever of the Microsoft SDKs is relevent.
Microsoft SDKs, for example this one, include sample programs.
To implement "method-missing"-semantics and such in C# 4.0, you have to implement IDynamicObject:
public interface IDynamicObject
{
MetaObject GetMetaObject(Expression parameter);
}
As far as I can figure out IDynamicObject is actually part of the DLR, so it is not new. But I have not been able to find much documentation on it.
There are some very simple example implementations out there (f.x. here and here), but could anyone point me to more complete implementations or some real documentation?
Especially, how exactly are you supposed to handle the "parameter"-parameter?
The short answer is that the MetaObject is what's responsible for actually generating the code that will be run at the call site. The mechanism that it uses for this is LINQ expression trees, which have been enhanced in the DLR. So instead of starting with an object, it starts with an expression that represents the object, and ultimately it's going to need to return an expression tree that describes the action to be taken.
When playing with this, please remember that the version of System.Core in the CTP was taken from a snapshot at the end of August. It doesn't correspond very cleanly to any particular beta of IronPython. A number of changes have been made to the DLR since then.
Also, for compatibility with the CLR v2 System.Core, releases of IronPython starting with either beta 4 or beta 5 now rename everything in that's in the System namespace to be in the Microsoft namespace instead.
If you want an end to end sample including source code, resulting in a dynamic object that stores value for arbitrary properties in a Dictionary then my post "A first look at Duck Typing in C# 4.0" could be right for you. I wrote that post to show how dynamic object can be cast to statically typed interfaces. It has a complete working implementation of a Duck that is a IDynamicObject and may acts like a IQuack.
If you need more information contact me on my blog and I will help you along, as good as I can.
I just blogged about how to do this here:
http://mikehadlow.blogspot.com/2008/10/dynamic-dispatch-in-c-40.html
Here is what I have figured out so far:
The Dynamic Language Runtime is currently maintained as part of the IronPython project. So that is the best place to go for information.
The easiest way to implement a class supporting IDynamicObject seems to be to derive from Microsoft.Scripting.Actions.Dynamic and override the relevant methods, for instance the Call-method to implement function call semantics. It looks like Microsoft.Scripting.Actions.Dynamic hasn't been included in the CTP, but the one from IronPython 2.0 looks like it will work.
I am still unclear on the exact meaning of the "parameter"-parameter, but it seems to provide context for the binding of the dynamic-object.
This presentation also provides a lot of information about the DLR:
Deep Dive: Dynamic Languages in Microsoft .NET by Jim Hugunin.