I have two databases, for argument sake lets call them db1 and db2. they are both structured exactly the same and both have a table called table1 which both have fields id and value1.
My question is how do I do a query that selects the field value1 for both tables linked by the same id???
You can prefix the table names with the database name to identify the two similarly named tables. You can then use that fully qualified table name to refer to the similarly named fields.
So, without aliases:
select db1.table1.id, db1.table1.value1, db2.table1.value1
from db1.table1 inner join db2.table1 on db1.table1.id = db2.table1.id
and with aliases
select t1.id, t1.value1, t2.value1
from db1.table1 as t1 inner join db2.table1 as t2 on t1.id = t2.id
You may also want to alias the selected columns so your select line becomes:
select t1.id as id, t1.value1 as value_from_db1, t2.value1 as value_from_db2
This is T-Sql, but I can't imagine mysql would be that much different (will delete answer if that's not the case)
SELECT
a.Value1 AS [aValue]
,b.Value1 AS [bValue]
FROM
db1.dbo.Table1 a
INNER JOIN db2.dbo.Table1 b
ON a.Id = b.Id
Try something such as this.
$dbhost="server_name";
$dbuser1="user1";
$dbpass1="password1";
$dbname1="database_I";
$dbname2="database_II";
$db1=mssql_connect($dbhost,$dbuser1,$dbpass1);
mssql_select_db($dbname1,$db1);
$query="SELECT ... FROM database_I.table1, database_II.table2 WHERE ....";
etc. Sorry if this does not help.
There is an easy way in sql. Extend your syntax for FROM clause, so instead of using select ... from tablename, use
select ... from database.namespace.tablename
The default namespace is dbo.
You could use a union select:
Simple example:
select "one" union select "two";
This will return 2 rows, the first row contains one and the 2nd row contains two. It is as if you are concatenating 2 sql quires, the only constant is that they both must return the same number of columns.
Multiple databases:
select * from client_db.users where id=1 union select * from master_db.users where id=1;
In this case both users databases must have the same number of columns. You said they have the same structure, so you shouldn't have a problem.
Related
I want to pass values from output of select query to another query. Basically both queries will be part of a stored procedure. e.g.
select Id, RelId
from tables
There will be multiple rows returned by above query and I want to pass them to the following query
select name
from table2
where Id = #Id and MgId = #RelId
Please suggest
You cannot pass multiple values in SQL.
But maybe you can just join your 2 tables, that would be far more efficient.
Not knowing your table schemes I suggest something like this. You might have to adapt this to your actual table schemas off course
select name
from table2 t2
inner join tables t on t2.Id = t.Id
and t2.MgId = t.RelId
EDIT
As Gordon mentioned in his answer, this approach can show double rows in your result.
If you don't want that than here are 2 ways of getting rid of the doubles
select distinct name
from ...
or by grouping by adding this at the end of the statement
group by name
Though this will work, avoiding the doubles like in Gordon's answer is better
I would suggest using exists:
select t2.name
from table2 t2
where exists (select 1
from tables t
where t2.Id = t.Id and t2.MgId = t.RelId
);
The difference between exists and join is that this will not generate duplicates, if there are multiple matches between the tables.
Or...
SELECT *
INTO #Table1
FROM ...
SELECT *
INTO #Table2
FROM ...
SELECT *
FROM #Table1 T1
JOIN #Table2 T2
DROP TABLE #Table1, #Table2
table1 (id, name)
table2 (id, name)
Query:
SELECT name
FROM table2
-- that are not in table1 already
SELECT t1.name
FROM table1 t1
LEFT JOIN table2 t2 ON t2.name = t1.name
WHERE t2.name IS NULL
Q: What is happening here?
A: Conceptually, we select all rows from table1 and for each row we attempt to find a row in table2 with the same value for the name column. If there is no such row, we just leave the table2 portion of our result empty for that row. Then we constrain our selection by picking only those rows in the result where the matching row does not exist. Finally, We ignore all fields from our result except for the name column (the one we are sure that exists, from table1).
While it may not be the most performant method possible in all cases, it should work in basically every database engine ever that attempts to implement ANSI 92 SQL
You can either do
SELECT name
FROM table2
WHERE name NOT IN
(SELECT name
FROM table1)
or
SELECT name
FROM table2
WHERE NOT EXISTS
(SELECT *
FROM table1
WHERE table1.name = table2.name)
See this question for 3 techniques to accomplish this
I don't have enough rep points to vote up froadie's answer. But I have to disagree with the comments on Kris's answer. The following answer:
SELECT name
FROM table2
WHERE name NOT IN
(SELECT name
FROM table1)
Is FAR more efficient in practice. I don't know why, but I'm running it against 800k+ records and the difference is tremendous with the advantage given to the 2nd answer posted above. Just my $0.02.
SELECT <column_list>
FROM TABLEA a
LEFTJOIN TABLEB b
ON a.Key = b.Key
WHERE b.Key IS NULL;
https://www.cloudways.com/blog/how-to-join-two-tables-mysql/
This is pure set theory which you can achieve with the minus operation.
select id, name from table1
minus
select id, name from table2
Here's what worked best for me.
SELECT *
FROM #T1
EXCEPT
SELECT a.*
FROM #T1 a
JOIN #T2 b ON a.ID = b.ID
This was more than twice as fast as any other method I tried.
Watch out for pitfalls. If the field Name in Table1 contain Nulls you are in for surprises.
Better is:
SELECT name
FROM table2
WHERE name NOT IN
(SELECT ISNULL(name ,'')
FROM table1)
You can use EXCEPT in mssql or MINUS in oracle, they are identical according to :
http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2008/08/07/sql-server-except-clause-in-sql-server-is-similar-to-minus-clause-in-oracle/
That work sharp for me
SELECT *
FROM [dbo].[table1] t1
LEFT JOIN [dbo].[table2] t2 ON t1.[t1_ID] = t2.[t2_ID]
WHERE t2.[t2_ID] IS NULL
You can use following query structure :
SELECT t1.name FROM table1 t1 JOIN table2 t2 ON t2.fk_id != t1.id;
table1 :
id
name
1
Amit
2
Sagar
table2 :
id
fk_id
email
1
1
amit#ma.com
Output:
name
Sagar
All the above queries are incredibly slow on big tables. A change of strategy is needed. Here there is the code I used for a DB of mine, you can transliterate changing the fields and table names.
This is the strategy: you create two implicit temporary tables and make a union of them.
The first temporary table comes from a selection of all the rows of the first original table the fields of which you wanna control that are NOT present in the second original table.
The second implicit temporary table contains all the rows of the two original tables that have a match on identical values of the column/field you wanna control.
The result of the union is a table that has more than one row with the same control field value in case there is a match for that value on the two original tables (one coming from the first select, the second coming from the second select) and just one row with the control column value in case of the value of the first original table not matching any value of the second original table.
You group and count. When the count is 1 there is not match and, finally, you select just the rows with the count equal to 1.
Seems not elegant, but it is orders of magnitude faster than all the above solutions.
IMPORTANT NOTE: enable the INDEX on the columns to be checked.
SELECT name, source, id
FROM
(
SELECT name, "active_ingredients" as source, active_ingredients.id as id
FROM active_ingredients
UNION ALL
SELECT active_ingredients.name as name, "UNII_database" as source, temp_active_ingredients_aliases.id as id
FROM active_ingredients
INNER JOIN temp_active_ingredients_aliases ON temp_active_ingredients_aliases.alias_name = active_ingredients.name
) tbl
GROUP BY name
HAVING count(*) = 1
ORDER BY name
See query:
SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE
id NOT IN (SELECT
e.id
FROM
Table1 e
INNER JOIN
Table2 s ON e.id = s.id);
Conceptually would be: Fetching the matching records in subquery and then in main query fetching the records which are not in subquery.
First define alias of table like t1 and t2.
After that get record of second table.
After that match that record using where condition:
SELECT name FROM table2 as t2
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM table1 as t1 WHERE t1.name = t2.name)
I'm going to repost (since I'm not cool enough yet to comment) in the correct answer....in case anyone else thought it needed better explaining.
SELECT temp_table_1.name
FROM original_table_1 temp_table_1
LEFT JOIN original_table_2 temp_table_2 ON temp_table_2.name = temp_table_1.name
WHERE temp_table_2.name IS NULL
And I've seen syntax in FROM needing commas between table names in mySQL but in sqlLite it seemed to prefer the space.
The bottom line is when you use bad variable names it leaves questions. My variables should make more sense. And someone should explain why we need a comma or no comma.
I tried all solutions above but they did not work in my case. The following query worked for me.
SELECT NAME
FROM table_1
WHERE NAME NOT IN
(SELECT a.NAME
FROM table_1 AS a
LEFT JOIN table_2 AS b
ON a.NAME = b.NAME
WHERE any further condition);
I have following tables:
Table a:
Name
T1
T2
T3
T4
Table b:
Name
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
I need to select all from table a and add what is not in table a from table b, result below:
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
Thanks for help
If you want all unique names from both the tables, use UNION:
select name from table_a
union
select name from table_b;
Here is another way:
select ta.name from ta
union all
select tb.name from tb
left join ta
on tb.name = ta.name
where ta.name is null
I would do this with an anti-join (a NOT IN condition). As written below, it will not work correctly if NULL is possible in that column in table a (in that case, the anti-join should be written with a NOT EXISTS condition). I assume the column is NOT NULL.
An anti-join is faster than a join, because as soon as a value from table b is also found in a, the joining for that row of table b stops and processing moves on to the next row. In a join, the joining continues, there is no such short-circuiting.
Oto's solution uses a join rather than an anti-join. However, I believe the Oracle query optimizer recognizes, in this simple case, that an anti-join is sufficient, and it will rewrite the query to use an anti-join. This is something you can verify by running Explain Plan on both queries. With that said, in a similar but much more complicated problem, the optimizer may not be able to "see" this shortcut; this is why I believe it's best to write anti-joins (and semi-joins, where we use IN or EXISTS conditions) explicitly, rather than rely on the optimizer.
The query should be
select name from a
union all
select name from b where name not in ( select name from a );
Here's one way to do that:
Select distinct Name
from (
select Name from Table A
UNION ALL
select Name from Table B
)
I have two datasets on two seperate servers. They both pull one column of information each.
I would like to build a report showing the values of the rows that only appear in one of the datasets.
From what I have read, it seems I would like to do this on the SQL side, not the reporting side; I am not sure how to do that.
If someone could shed some light on how that is possible, I would really appreciate it.
You can use the NOT EXISTS clause to get the differences between the two tables.
SELECT
Column
FROM
DatabaseName.SchemaName.Table1
WHERE
NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT
Column
FROM
LinkedServerName.DatabaseName.SchemaName.Table2
WHERE
Table1.Column = Table2.Column --looks at equalities, and doesn't
--include them because of the
--NOT EXISTS clause
)
This will show the rows in Table1 that don't appear in Table2. You can reverse the table names to find the rows in Table2 that don't appear in Table1.
Edit: Made an edit to show what the case would be in the event of linked servers. Also, if you wanted to see all of the rows that are not shared in both tables at the same time, you can try something as in the below.
SELECT
Column, 'Table1' TableName
FROM
DatabaseName.SchemaName.Table1
WHERE
NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT
Column
FROM
LinkedServerName.DatabaseName.SchemaName.Table2
WHERE
Table1.Column = Table2.Column --looks at equalities, and doesn't
--include them because of the
--NOT EXISTS clause
)
UNION
SELECT
Column, 'Table2' TableName
FROM
LinkedServerName.DatabaseName.SchemaName.Table2
WHERE
NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT
Column
FROM
DatabaseName.SchemaName.Table1
WHERE
Table1.Column = Table2.Column
)
You can also use a left join:
select a.* from tableA a
left join tableB b
on a.PrimaryKey = b.ForeignKey
where b.ForeignKey is null
This query will return all records from tableA that do not have corresponding records in tableB.
If you want rows that appear in exactly one data set and you have a matching key on each table, then you can use a full outer join:
select *
from table1 t1 full outer join
table2 t2
on t1.key = t2.key
where t1.key is null and t2.key is not null or
t1.key is not null and t2.key is null
The where condition chooses the rows where exactly one match.
The problem with this query, though, is that you get lots of columns with nulls. One way to fix this is by going through the columns one by one in the SELECT clause.
select coalesce(t1.key, t2.key) as key, . . .
Another way to solve this problem is to use a union with a window function. This version brings together all the rows and counts the number of times that key appears:
select t.*
from (select t.*, count(*) over (partition by key) as keycnt
from ((select 'Table1' as which, t.*
from table1 t
) union all
(select 'Table2' as which, t.*
from table2 t
)
) t
) t
where keycnt = 1
This has the additional column specifying which table the value comes from. It also has an extra column, keycnt, with the value 1. If you have a composite key, you would just replace with the list of columns specifying a match between the two tables.
Q: If I have two tables joined together, and I want to get (*) from the first table, I mean all the fields of the first table.
Shall I write all the fields names of the first table in the query? Or is there some way to select * just from the first table.
You should not to list all the fields, see the example:
SELECT DISTINCT t1.*
from T1
join t2 on condition
first_table.* should do the trick.
Sounds more like a semi join. Consider rewriting e.g.
SELECT DISTINCT T1.*
FROM T1 JOIN T2 ON T1.id = T2.id;
can be re-written as
SELECT *
FROM T1
WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM T2);