I'm trying to update the table data with some row that should have defined a MAX Id + 1 value for the Movement Id field which is the PK in my table.
The Movement Id field is the INT PK, the Added At field is a date and the IncOutc is the INT field that can store either 1 or 2(Income or Outcome).
query.sql
DECLARE #max_id INT;
SET #max_id = SELECT MAX([Movement Id]) FROM Movement
INSERT INTO Movement([Movement Id], [Added At], IncOutc)
VALUES (max_id, GETDATE(), 1)
I tried the query above but got an error: Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'SELECT'. (on line 1).
I already tried inserting the values like this:
VALUES (SELECT MAX([Movement Id]) FROM Movement, max_id, GETDATE(), 1)
But got an error saying: Incorrect syntax near '1'. (on line 4)
You don't. You use an IDENTITY column or SEQUENCE when you create the table. So:
CREATE TABLE Movements (
Movement_Id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY,
Added_At DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
IncOutc Int
);
Then you insert to it as:
INSERT INTO Movements (IncOutc)
VALUES (1);
Movement_Id and Added_At are given appropriate default values on the insert.
Attempting to do this outside the database is very problematic. In particular, two inserts at the same time might generate the same id in the table -- presumably not what you want. Preventing that requires locking the table, which is very expensive. Especially considering that SQL Server has built-in functionality to do this.
To answer your actual question, you use:
SET #max_id = (SELECT MAX([Movement Id]) FROM Movement);
Notice the statement terminator. That is a good habit to develop. You might wonder what happens when your table has no rows. I suggest you try it and see for yourself.
I have a bigint PK column which is NOT an identity column, because I create the number in a function using different numbers. Anyway, I am trying to save this bigint number in a parameter #InvID, then use this parameter later in the procedure.
ScopeIdentity() is not working for me, it saved Null to #InvID, I think because the column is not an identity column. Is there anyway to select the record that was just inserted by the procedure without adding an extra ID column to the table?
It would save me a lot of effort and work if there is a direct way to select this record and not adding an id column.
insert into Lab_Invoice(iID, iDate, iTotal, iIsPaid, iSource, iCreator, iShiftID, iBalanceAfter, iFileNo, iType)
values (dbo.Get_RI_ID('True'), GETDATE(),
(select FilePrice from LabSettings), 'False', #source, #user, #shiftID, #b, #fid, 'Open File Invoice');
set #invID = CAST(scope_identity() AS bigint);
P.S. dbo.Get_RI_ID('True') a function returns a bigint.
Why don't you use?
set #invId=dbo.Get_RI_ID('True');
insert into Lab_Invoice(iID,iDate,iTotal,iIsPaid,iSource,iCreator,iShiftID,iBalanceAfter,iFileNo,iType)
values(#invId,GETDATE(),(select FilePrice from LabSettings),'False',#source,#user,#shiftID,#b,#fid,'Open File Invoice');
You already know that big id value. Get it before your insert statement then use it later.
one way to get inserted statement value..it is not clear which value you are trying to get,so created some example with dummy data
create table #test
(
id int
)
declare #id table
(
id int
)
insert into #test
output inserted.id into #id
select 1
select #invID=id from #id
I am inserting and deleting elements in a table, as a result, when I want to insert a new element, it takes a new id number, but this id is not taking the last id+1. For example: the last id is 5 and I inserted a 5 elements and deleted after that, the new id will take the value of 11, and I need 6. Here is my code
CREATE TABLE #FC
(
Code varchar(25),
Description varchar(50),
Category varchar(10),
CreatedDate datetime,
LastModifiedDate datetime
);
--Adding just one record
INSERT INTO #FC (Code, Description, Category, CreatedDate, LastModifiedDate)
VALUES ('DELETE_MEMBER', 'Delete Member', 'POLICY', #Now, #Now);
;
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Function_Code] ON;
MERGE
INTO [dbo].[Function_Code] AS T
USING #FC AS S
ON (T.Code = S.Code) AND (T.Description = S.Description) AND(T.Category = S.Category)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET
[Code] = S.[Code]
, [Description] = S.Description
, [Category] = S.Category
, [CreatedDate] = S.CreatedDate
, [LastModifiedDate] = S.LastModifiedDate
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (Code, Description, Category, CreatedDate, LastModifiedDate)
VALUES(S.Code, S.Description, S.Category, S.CreatedDate, S.LastModifiedDate)
;
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Function_Code] OFF;
An identity is a technical field that you should not handle yourself. If you want to manage the sequence yourself, then don't use an identity field.
Nevertheless, if you really want to do it, you'll have to reseed the table to the desired value :
DELETE YourTable
DECLARE #n INT;
SELECT #n = MAX(YourId) FROM YourTable
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('YourTable', RESEED, #n)
INSERT YourTable
What you are asking is dangerous. If you make a column an identity column, don't touch it, let sql server do its job. Otherwise you can start getting primary key errors. The identity column is ready to insert 11. You insert six through eleven in your code by running it multiple time and you can get a primary key error next time the identity tries to insert a row into the table.
As Thomas Haratyk said you can reseed your table. Or you can use:
select MAX(YourId) + 1 FROM YourTable
and insert that into your identity column if you are sure you will always insert an id that has already been used by the identity column.
However, if you are commonly overwriting the default identity behavior, it may be better to manage this column yourself because deleting from an identity column results in gaps by default.
I am asked to generate custom ID values for primary key columns. The query is as follows,
SELECT * FROM SC_TD_GoodsInward WHERE EntityId = #EntityId
SELECT #GoodsInwardId=IIF((SELECT COUNT(*) FROM SC_TD_GoodsInward)>0, (Select 'GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)+'_'+CONVERT(varchar,#EntityId)+'_'+(SELECT RIGHT('0000'+CONVERT(VARCHAR,CONVERT(INT,RIGHT(MAX(GoodsInwardId),4))+1),4) from SC_TD_GoodsInward)), (SELECT 'GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)+'_'+CONVERT(varchar,#EntityId)+'_0001'))
Here the SC_TD_GoodsInward is a table, GoodsInwardId is the value to be generated. I am getting the desired outputs too. Examples.
GI_131118_1_0001
GI_131212_1_0002
GI_131212_1_0003
But, the above condition fails when the last digits reach 9999. I simulated the query and the results were,
GI_131226_1_9997
GI_140102_1_9998
GI_140102_1_9999
GI_140102_1_0000
GI_140102_1_0000
GI_140102_1_0000
GI_140102_1_0000
GI_140102_1_0000
After 9999, it goes to 0000 and does not increment thereafter. So, in the future, I will eventually run into a PK duplicate error. How can i recycle the values so that after 9999, it goes on as 0000, 0001 ... etc. What am I missing in the above query?
NOTE: Please consider the #EntityId value to be 1 in the query.
I am using SQL SERVER 2012.
Before giving a solution for the question few points on your question:
As the Custom primary key consists of mainly three parts Date(140102), physical location where transaction takes place (entityID), 4 place number(9999).
According to the design on a single date in a single physical location there cannot be more than 9999 transactions -- My Solution will also contain the same limitation.
Some points on my solution
The 4 place digit is tied up to the date which means for a new date the count starts from 0000. For Example
GI_140102_1_0001,
GI_140102_1_0002,
GI_140102_1_0003,
GI_140103_1_0000,
GI_140104_1_0000
Any way the this field will be unique.
The solution compares the latest date in the record to the current date.
The Logic:
If current date and latest date in the record matches
Then it increments 4 place digit by the value by 1
If the current date and the latest date in the record does not matched
The it sets the 4 place digit by the value 0000.
The Solution: (Below code gives out the value which will be the next GoodsInwardId, Use it as per requirement to fit in to your solution)
declare #previous nvarchar(30);
declare #today nvarchar(30);
declare #newID nvarchar(30);
select #previous=substring(max(GoodsInwardId),4,6) from SC_TD_GoodsInward;
Select #today=RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)
+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2);
if #previous=#today
BEGIN
Select #newID='GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)
+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)
+'_'+CONVERT(varchar,1)+'_'+(SELECT RIGHT('0000'+
CONVERT(VARCHAR,CONVERT(INT,RIGHT(MAX(GoodsInwardId),4))+1),4)
from SC_TD_GoodsInward);
END
else
BEGIN
SET #newID='GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)
+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)
+'_'+CONVERT(varchar,1)+'_0000';
END
select #newID;
T-SQL to create the required structure (Probable Guess)
For the table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[SC_TD_GoodsInward](
[EntityId] [int] NULL,
[GoodsInwardId] [nvarchar](30) NULL
)
Sample records for the table:
insert into dbo.SC_TD_GoodsInward values(1,'GI_140102_1_0000');
insert into dbo.SC_TD_GoodsInward values(1,'GI_140101_1_9999');
insert into dbo.SC_TD_GoodsInward values(1,'GI_140101_1_0001');
**Its a probable solution in your situation although the perfect solution would be to have identity column (use reseed if required) and tie it with the current date as a computed column.
You get this problem because once the last 4 digits reach 9999, 9999 will remain the highest number no matter how many rows are inserted, and you are throwing away the most significant digit(s).
I would remodel this to track the last used INT portion value of GoodsInwardId in a separate counter table (as an INTEGER), and then MODULUS (%) this by 10000 if need be. If there are concurrent calls to the PK generator, remember to lock the counter table row.
Also, even if you kept all the digits (e.g. in another field), note that ordering a CHAR is as follows
1
11
2
22
3
and then applying MAX() will return 3, not 22.
Edit - Clarification of counter table alternative
The counter table would look something like this:
CREATE TABLE PK_Counters
(
TableName NVARCHAR(100) PRIMARY KEY,
LastValue INT
);
(Your #EntityID might be another candidate for the counter PK column.)
You then increment and fetch the applicable counter on each call to your custom PK Key generation PROC:
UPDATE PK_Counters
SET LastValue = LastValue + 1
WHERE TableName = 'SC_TD_GoodsInward';
Select
'GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)
+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)
+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)+'_'
+CONVERT(varchar,#EntityId)+'_'
+(SELECT RIGHT('0000'+ CONVERT(NVARCHAR, LastValue % 10000),4)
FROM PK_Counters
WHERE TableName = 'SC_TD_GoodsInward');
You could also modulo the LastValue in the counter table (and not in the query), although I believe there is more information about the number of records inserted by leaving the counter un-modulo-ed.
Fiddle here
Re : Performance - Selecting a single integer value from a small table by its PK and then applying modulo will be significantly quicker than selecting MAX from a SUBSTRING (which would almost certainly be a scan)
DECLARE #entityid INT = 1;
SELECT ('GI_'
+ SUBSTRING(convert(varchar, getdate(), 112),3,6) -- yymmdd today DATE
+ '_' + CAST(#entityid AS VARCHAR(50)) + '_' --#entity parameter
+ CASE MAX(t.GI_id + 1) --take last number + 1
WHEN 10000 THEN
'0000' --reset
ELSE
RIGHT( CAST('0000' AS VARCHAR(4)) +
CAST(MAX(t.GI_id + 1) AS VARCHAR(4))
, 4)
END) PK
FROM
(
SELECT TOP 1
CAST(SUBSTRING(GoodsInwardId,11,1) AS INT) AS GI_entity,
CAST(SUBSTRING(GoodsInwardId,4,6) AS INT) AS GI_date,
CAST(RIGHT(GoodsInwardId,4) AS INT) AS GI_id
FROM SC_TD_GoodsInward
WHERE CAST(SUBSTRING(GoodsInwardId,11,1) AS INT) = #entityid
ORDER BY gi_date DESC, rowTimestamp DESC, gi_id DESC
) AS t
This should take the last GoodInwardId record, ordered by date DESC and take its numeric "id". Then add + 1 to return the NEW id and combine it with today's date and the #entityid you passed. If >9999, start again from 0000.
You need a timestamp type column tho, to order two inserted in the same date + same transaction time. Otherwise you could get duplicates.
I have simplified the answer even more and arrived with the following query.
IF (SELECT COUNT(GoodsInwardId) FROM SC_TD_GoodsInward WHERE EntityId = #EntityId)=0
BEGIN
SELECT #GoodsInwardId= 'GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)+'_'+
CONVERT(varchar,#EntityId)+'_0001'
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM SC_TD_GoodsInward WHERE EntityId = #EntityId AND CONVERT(varchar,CreatedOn,103) = CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),103)
SELECT #GoodsInwardId=IIF(##ROWCOUNT>0,
(Select 'GI_'+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)+'_'+
CONVERT(varchar,#EntityId)+'_'+
(SELECT RIGHT('0000'+CONVERT(VARCHAR,CONVERT(INT,RIGHT(MAX(GoodsInwardId),4))+1),4) from SC_TD_GoodsInward WHERE CONVERT(varchar,CreatedOn,103) = CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),103))),
(SELECT 'GI_'+RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(YY,getdate())),2)+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(MM,getdate())),2)+
RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(varchar,datepart(DD,getdate())),2)+'_'+
CONVERT(varchar,#EntityId)+'_0001'))
END
select * from SC_TD_GoodsInward
In a SQL Server table I have the following 2 columns:
RowId: primary key, numaric, identity column and auto insert.
MailId: Non key, numaric, non identity and non auto insert.
Mail Id can be duplicate. In case of new MailId I will check max(MailId)+1 and insert it in new row and in case of duplication value will be coming as parameter.
Logic looks fine but here is an issue, I was just considering (yet chacnes of accurance are ver low) In the same time there can be two different new MailId requests. Can this casue logical error ? For example when code checked max(MailId)+1 was 101 and I stored it in a variable but may be before next insert statment executs a new record inserted in table. Now max(MailId)+1 in table will be 102 but value in variable will be 101 ?
Any suggestion please I want to control this error chances as well.
EDIT
(I am not using identity(1,1) because I also have to pass custom values in it)
Why would you use a custom-rolled Identity field when there is such a great one already in SQL Server?
Just use INT Identity (1,1) for your ID field and it will automatically increment each time a row is inserted. It also handles concurrency much better than pretty much anything you could implement manually.
EDIT:
Sample of a manual ID value:
SET IDENTITY_INSERT MyTable ON
INSERT INTO MyTable (IdField, Col1, Col2, Col3,...)
VALUES
(1234, 'Col1', 'Col2', 'Col3',...)
SET IDENTITY_INSERT MyTable OFF
You need to include an explicit field list for the INSERT.
Use OUTPUT on your insert to be sure that you have the right value. If you insert and then select MAX, it is possible that someone could "sneak" in and end up with duplication. That is, you insert MAX + 1, at the same time someone else inserts MAX + 1 then you select MAX and they select MAX, you both have the same value. Whereas if you INSERT and use OUTPUT, you'll be sure that you're unique. This is rarely a problem, but if you have a lot of activity, it can happen (speaking from experience).
EDIT
USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO
DECLARE #MyTableVar table(
EmpID int NOT NULL,
OldVacationHours int,
NewVacationHours int,
ModifiedDate datetime);
UPDATE TOP (10) HumanResources.Employee
SET VacationHours = VacationHours * 1.25,
ModifiedDate = GETDATE()
OUTPUT inserted.BusinessEntityID,
deleted.VacationHours,
inserted.VacationHours,
inserted.ModifiedDate
INTO #MyTableVar;
--Display the result set of the table variable.
SELECT EmpID, OldVacationHours, NewVacationHours, ModifiedDate
FROM #MyTableVar;
GO
--Display the result set of the table.
SELECT TOP (10) BusinessEntityID, VacationHours, ModifiedDate
FROM HumanResources.Employee;
GO