How to make awkward pivot of sql table in SQL Server 2005? - sql

Question

I have to rotate a given table from an SQL Server but a normal pivot just doesn't work (as far as i tried). So has anybody an idea how to rotate the table into the desired format?
Just to make the problem more complicated, the list of given labels can vary and it is possible that a new label name can come into at any given time.
Given Data
ID | Label | Numerator | Denominator | Ratio
---+-----------------+-------------+---------------+--------
1 | LabelNameOne | 41 | 10 | 4,1
1 | LabelNameTwo | 0 | 0 | 0
1 | LabelNameThree | 21 | 10 | 2,1
1 | LabelNameFour | 15 | 10 | 1,5
2 | LabelNameOne | 19 | 19 | 1
2 | LabelNameTwo | 0 | 0 | 0
2 | LabelNameThree | 15 | 16 | 0,9375
2 | LabelNameFive | 19 | 19 | 1
2 | LabelNameSix | 17 | 17 | 1
3 | LabelNameOne | 12 | 12 | 1
3 | LabelNameTwo | 0 | 0 | 0
3 | LabelNameThree | 11 | 12 | 0,9167
3 | LabelNameFour | 12 | 12 | 1
3 | LabelNameSix | 0 | 1 | 0
Wanted result
ID | ValueType | LabelNameOne | LabelNameTwo | LabelNameThree | LabelNameFour | LabelNameFive | LabelNameSix
---+-------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+---------------+---------------+--------------
1 | Numerator | 41 | 0 | 21 | 15 | |
1 | Denominator | 10 | 0 | 10 | 10 | |
1 | Ratio | 4,1 | 0 | 2,1 | 1,5 | |
2 | Numerator | 19 | 0 | 15 | | 19 | 17
2 | Denominator | 19 | 0 | 16 | | 19 | 17
2 | Ratio | 1 | 0 | 0,9375 | | 1 | 1
3 | Numerator | 12 | 0 | 11 | 12 | | 0
3 | Denominator | 12 | 0 | 12 | 12 | | 1
3 | Ratio | 1 | 0 | 0,9167 | 1 | | 0

Answer 1

This should sort you out. It's really an UNPIVOT and a PIVOT. Note that you have to conform your data because the UNPIVOT puts all the data in the same column.
Note that I had to recreate/repopulate the table variable in the inner dynamic SQL - typically this is not necessary when dealing with a permanent table.
SET NOCOUNT ON ;
DECLARE #pivot_cols AS varchar(max) ;
DECLARE #src AS TABLE
(
ID int NOT NULL
,Label varchar(14) NOT NULL
,Numerator int NOT NULL
,Denominator int NOT NULL
,Ratio decimal(5, 4) NOT NULL
) ;
DECLARE #label_order AS TABLE
(
Label varchar(14) NOT NULL
,Sort int NOT NULL
)
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, 'LabelNameOne', 41, 10, 4.1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, 'LabelNameTwo', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, 'LabelNameThree', 21, 10, 2.1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, 'LabelNameFour', 15, 10, 1.5) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, 'LabelNameOne', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, 'LabelNameTwo', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, 'LabelNameThree', 15, 16, 0.9375) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, 'LabelNameFive', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, 'LabelNameSix', 17, 17, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, 'LabelNameOne', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, 'LabelNameTwo', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, 'LabelNameThree', 11, 12, 0.9167) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, 'LabelNameFour', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, 'LabelNameSix', 0, 1, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #label_order
VALUES ('LabelNameOne', 1) ;
INSERT INTO #label_order
VALUES ('LabelNameTwo', 2) ;
INSERT INTO #label_order
VALUES ('LabelNameThree', 3) ;
INSERT INTO #label_order
VALUES ('LabelNameFour', 4) ;
INSERT INTO #label_order
VALUES ('LabelNameFive', 5) ;
INSERT INTO #label_order
VALUES ('LabelNameSix', 6) ;
WITH Labels
AS (
SELECT DISTINCT
src.Label
,ISNULL(label_order.Sort, 0) AS Sort
FROM #src AS src
LEFT JOIN #label_order AS label_order
ON src.label = label_order.label
)
SELECT #pivot_cols = COALESCE(#pivot_cols + ',', '') + QUOTENAME(Label, '[')
FROM Labels
ORDER BY Sort
,Label ;
DECLARE #template AS varchar(max) ;
SET #template = '
DECLARE #src AS TABLE
(
ID int NOT NULL
,Label varchar(14) NOT NULL
,Numerator int NOT NULL
,Denominator int NOT NULL
,Ratio decimal(5, 4) NOT NULL
) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, ''LabelNameOne'', 41, 10, 4.1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, ''LabelNameTwo'', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, ''LabelNameThree'', 21, 10, 2.1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (1, ''LabelNameFour'', 15, 10, 1.5) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, ''LabelNameOne'', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, ''LabelNameTwo'', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, ''LabelNameThree'', 15, 16, 0.9375) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, ''LabelNameFive'', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (2, ''LabelNameSix'', 17, 17, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, ''LabelNameOne'', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, ''LabelNameTwo'', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, ''LabelNameThree'', 11, 12, 0.9167) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, ''LabelNameFour'', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT INTO #src
VALUES (3, ''LabelNameSix'', 0, 1, 0) ;
WITH src_conformed
AS (
SELECT ID
,Label
,CAST (Numerator AS decimal(10, 4)) AS Numerator
,CAST (Denominator AS decimal(10, 4)) AS Denominator
,CAST (Ratio AS decimal(10, 4)) AS Ratio
FROM #src
),
UNPIVOTED
AS (
SELECT *
FROM src_conformed UNPIVOT ( Val FOR Col IN (Numerator, Denominator, Ratio) ) AS unpvt
)
SELECT *
FROM UNPIVOTED PIVOT ( SUM(Val) FOR Label IN ({#pivot_cols}) ) AS pvt
ORDER BY ID
,Col ;' ;
SET #template = REPLACE(#template, '{#pivot_cols}', #pivot_cols) ;
EXEC (#template) ;

Answer 2

select
id,
'Numerator' as ValueType,
case when label = labelNameOne then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameOne,
case when label = labelNameTwo then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameTwo,
case when label = labelNameTree then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameTree,
case when label = labelNameFour then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameFour,
case when label = labelNameFive then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameFive,
case when label = labelNameSix then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameSix
union All
... similar query with Denominator ...
union all
... similar query with Ratio...

Answer 3

What you seek is dynamic cross tab. The short answer is that it cannot be done in T-SQL without some fugly dynamic SQL. The Hoyle answer is that you should pivot the data in a reporting tool or in the middle tier.