I created a table in SQL Server and inserted values in that table columns in time column I stored a long string value which I retrieved from a log.
That log returns a time string like this '1103873704755', now I want to separate every 2 characters with /, (empty space) and K like this
'11/03/87 37:04:755'
Current query:
select top 1 Time
from tbl_ModBus
order by id desc
Output:
Time
-------------
1103873704755
Expected:
Time
-------------
11/03/87/ 37:04:755
So how can I get this string like I want using a SQL query?
I think that there is no a built in function to do this job in SQL.
It is always advised to use 'DATETIME ' when you are storing dates .
Yet, if you are storing data and time you better to use 'TIMESTAMP'.
Regarding all changes in the obtained value, you can do it in you programm code using whatever language you want !
I would not use a string save as DateTime.becasue it will be Unstable
If you only want to do concrete /,: in a database row value after every 2 characters.
The easiest way, you can try to use FORMAT function.
SELECT FORMAT(CAST('1103873704755' AS BIGINT),'##/##/## ##:##:###')
sqlfiddle
| |
|--------------------|
| 11/03/87 37:04:755 |
I'm working with a database that has a locations table such as:
locationID | locationHierarchy
1 | 0
2 | 1
3 | 1,2
4 | 1
5 | 1,4
6 | 1,4,5
which makes a tree like this
1
--2
----3
--4
----5
------6
where locationHierarchy is a csv string of the locationIDs of all its ancesters (think of a hierarchy tree). This makes it easy to determine the hierarchy when working toward the top of the tree given a starting locationID.
Now I need to write code to start with an ancestor and recursively find all descendants. MySQL has a function called 'find_in_set' which easily parses a csv string to look for a value. It's nice because I can just say "find in set the value 4" which would give all locations that are descendants of locationID of 4 (including 4 itself).
Unfortunately this is being developed on SQL Server 2014 and it has no such function. The CSV string is a variable length (virtually unlimited levels allowed) and I need a way to find all ancestors of a location.
A lot of what I've found on the internet to mimic the find_in_set function into SQL Server assumes a fixed depth of hierarchy such as 4 levels maximum) which wouldn't work for me.
Does anyone have a stored procedure or anything that I could integrate into a query? I'd really rather not have to pull all records from this table to use code to individually parse the CSV string.
I would imagine searching the locationHierarchy string for locationID% or %,{locationid},% would work but be pretty slow.
I think you want like -- in either database. Something like this:
select l.*
from locations l
where l.locationHierarchy like #LocationHierarchy + ',%';
If you want the original location included, then one method is:
select l.*
from locations l
where l.locationHierarchy + ',' like #LocationHierarchy + ',%';
I should also note that SQL Server has proper support for recursive queries, so it has other options for hierarchies apart from hierarchy trees (which are still a very reasonable solution).
Finally It worked for me..
SELECT * FROM locations WHERE locationHierarchy like CONCAT(#param,',%%') OR
o.unitnumber like CONCAT('%%,',#param,',%%') OR
o.unitnumber like CONCAT('%%,',#param)
Suppose I have a SQL query like this:
SELECT
tickets.TicketNumber, history.remarks
FROM
AT_DeviceReplacement_Tickets tickets
INNER JOIN
AT_DeviceReplacement_Tickets_History history
ON tickets.TicketNumber = history.TicketNumber;
I get a table like this in repsonse:
ticketNumber | remarks
-------------+------------
1 | "Hello, there is a problem."
1 | "Did you check the power cable?
1 | "We plugged it in and now it works. Thank you!"
2 | "Hello, this is a new ticket."
Suppose that I want to write a query that will concatenate the remarks for each ticket and return a table like this:
ticketNumber | remarks
-------------+------------
1 | "Hello, there is a problem.Did you check the power cable?We plugged it in and now it works. Thank you!"
2 | "Hello, this is a new ticket."
Yes, in the real code, I've actually got these sorted by date, among other things, but just for the sake of discussion, how would I edit the above query to get the result I described?
Have a look at the following questions:
Can I Comma Delimit Multiple Rows Into One Column?
Is it possible to concatenate column values into a string using CTE?
The cleanest solution to this problem is DB dependent. Lentine's links show very ugly solutions for Oracle and SQL Server and a clean one for MySQL. The answer in PostgreSQL is also very short and easy.
SELECT ticket_number, string_agg(remarks, ', ')
FROM
AT_DeviceReplacement_Tickets tickets
INNER JOIN
AT_DeviceReplacement_Tickets_History history
ON tickets.Ticket_Number = history.Ticket_Number
GROUP BY tickets.ticket_number;
(Note you have both ticket_number and TicketNumber in your sample code.)
My guess is that Oracle and SQL Server either (1) have a similar aggregate function or (2) have the capability of defining your own aggregate functions. [For MySQL the equivalent aggregate is called GROUP_CONCAT.] What DB are you using?
I've been beating my head on the desk trying to figure this one out. I have a table that stores job information, and reasons for a job not being completed. The reasons are numeric,01,02,03,etc. You can have two reasons for a pending job. If you select two reasons, they are stored in the same column, separated by a comma. This is an example from the JOBID table:
Job_Number User_Assigned PendingInfo
1 user1 01,02
There is another table named Pending, that stores what those values actually represent. 01=Not enough info, 02=Not enough time, 03=Waiting Review. Example:
Pending_Num PendingWord
01 Not Enough Info
02 Not Enough Time
What I'm trying to do is query the database to give me all the job numbers, users, pendinginfo, and pending reason. I can break out the first value, but can't figure out how to do the second. What my limited skills have so far:
select Job_number,user_assigned,SUBSTRING(pendinginfo,0,3),pendingword
from jobid,pending
where
SUBSTRING(pendinginfo,0,3)=pending.pending_num and
pendinginfo!='00,00' and
pendinginfo!='NULL'
What I would like to see for this example would be:
Job_Number User_Assigned PendingInfo PendingWord PendingInfo PendingWord
1 User1 01 Not Enough Info 02 Not Enough Time
Thanks in advance
You really shouldn't store multiple items in one column if your SQL is ever going to want to process them individually. The "SQL gymnastics" you have to perform in those cases are both ugly hacks and performance degraders.
The ideal solution is to split the individual items into separate columns and, for 3NF, move those columns to a separate table as rows if you really want to do it properly (but baby steps are probably okay if you're sure there will never be more than two reasons in the short-medium term).
Then your queries will be both simpler and faster.
However, if that's not an option, you can use the afore-mentioned SQL gymnastics to do something like:
where find ( ',' |fld| ',', ',02,' ) > 0
assuming your SQL dialect has a string search function (find in this case, but I think charindex for SQLServer).
This will ensure all sub-columns begin and start with a comma (comma plus field plus comma) and look for a specific desired value (with the commas on either side to ensure it's a full sub-column match).
If you can't control what the application puts in that column, I would opt for the DBA solution - DBA solutions are defined as those a DBA has to do to work around the inadequacies of their users :-).
Create two new columns in that table and make an insert/update trigger which will populate them with the two reasons that a user puts into the original column.
Then query those two new columns for specific values rather than trying to split apart the old column.
This means that the cost of splitting is only on row insert/update, not on _every single select`, amortising that cost efficiently.
Still, my answer is to re-do the schema. That will be the best way in the long term in terms of speed, readable queries and maintainability.
I hope you are just maintaining the code and it's not a brand new implementation.
Please consider to use a different approach using a support table like this:
JOBS TABLE
jobID | userID
--------------
1 | user13
2 | user32
3 | user44
--------------
PENDING TABLE
pendingID | pendingText
---------------------------
01 | Not Enough Info
02 | Not Enough Time
---------------------------
JOB_PENDING TABLE
jobID | pendingID
-----------------
1 | 01
1 | 02
2 | 01
3 | 03
3 | 01
-----------------
You can easily query this tables using JOIN or subqueries.
If you need retro-compatibility on your software you can add a view to reach this goal.
I have a tables like:
Events
---------
eventId int
eventTypeIds nvarchar(50)
...
EventTypes
--------------
eventTypeId
Description
...
Each Event can have multiple eventtypes specified.
All I do is write 2 procedures in my site code, not SQL code
One procedure converts the table field (eventTypeIds) value like "3,4,15,6" into a ViewState array, so I can use it any where in code.
This procedure does the opposite it collects any options your checked and converts it in
If changing the schema is an option (which it probably should be) shouldn't you implement a many-to-many relationship here so that you have a bridging table between the two items? That way, you would store the number and its wording in one table, jobs in another, and "failure reasons for jobs" in the bridging table...
Have a look at a similar question I answered here
;WITH Numbers AS
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) AS N
FROM JobId
),
Split AS
(
SELECT JOB_NUMBER, USER_ASSIGNED, SUBSTRING(PENDING_INFO, Numbers.N, CHARINDEX(',', PENDING_INFO + ',', Numbers.N) - Numbers.N) AS PENDING_NUM
FROM JobId
JOIN Numbers ON Numbers.N <= DATALENGTH(PENDING_INFO) + 1
AND SUBSTRING(',' + PENDING_INFO, Numbers.N, 1) = ','
)
SELECT *
FROM Split JOIN Pending ON Split.PENDING_NUM = Pending.PENDING_NUM
The basic idea is that you have to multiply each row as many times as there are PENDING_NUMs. Then, extract the appropriate part of the string
While I agree with DBA perspective not to store multiple values in a single field it is doable, as bellow, practical for application logic and some performance issues. Let say you have 10000 user groups, each having average 1000 members. You may want to have a table user_groups with columns such as groupID and membersID. Your membersID column could be populated like this:
(',10,2001,20003,333,4520,') each number being a memberID, all separated with a comma. Add also a comma at the start and end of the data. Then your select would use like '%,someID,%'.
If you can not change your data ('01,02,03') or similar, let say you want rows containing 01 you still can use " select ... LIKE '01,%' OR '%,01' OR '%,01,%' " which will insure it match if at start, end or inside, while avoiding similar number (ie:101).
I have a table structure that looks like this:
ID String
-----------
1 A
1 Test
1 String
2 Dear
2 Person
I need the final output to look like this:
ID FullString
--------------------
1 A, Test, String
2 Dear, Person
I am really lost on how to approach this... I looked on a couple examples online but they seemed to be VERY complex... this seems like it should be a real easy problem to solve in sql.
Thank you for all assistance!
SELECT ID, GROUP_CONCAT(String) AS FullString
FROM TABLE
GROUP BY ID
There are additional parameters available for GROUP_CONCAT to control sequence and separation. GROUP_CONCAT is MySQL specific.