I'm trying to move a primary key constraint to a different column in oracle. I tried this:
ALTER TABLE MY_TABLE
DROP CONSTRAINT c_name;
ALTER TABLE MY_TABLE
ADD CONSTRAINT c_name PRIMARY KEY
(
"COLUMN_NAME"
) ENABLE;
This fails on the add constraint with an error saying the the constraint already exists even though i just dropped it. Any ideas why this is happening
If the original constraint was a primary key constraint, Oracle creates an index to enforce the constraint. This index has the same name as the constraint (C_NAME in your example). You need to drop the index separately from the constraint. So you will need to do a :
ALTER TABLE <table1> DROP CONSTRAINT C_NAME;
DROP INDEX C_NAME;
ALTER TABLE <table1> ADD CONSTRAINT C_NAME PRIMARY KEY
( COLUMN_2 ) ENABLE;
The safest way is to first add a unique index. Try this:
create unique index new_pk on <tabname> (column_2);
Then drop the old PK:
alter table <tabname> drop primary key drop index;
(Optional) Rename the index:
alter index new_pk rename to c_name;
And then add the PK again indicating the index to be used:
alter table <tabname> add constraint c_name
primary key (column_2) using index c_name;
I don't know if this is a similar problem but, in DB2, you have to actually commit following the alter table statement. Otherwise it's still hanging around.
Related
I have the following table
CREATE TABLE steps (
hash_id text UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY,
depth integer
);
-- Indices -------------------------------------------------------
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX steps_hash_id_key ON steps(hash_id text_ops);
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX steps_pkey ON steps(hash_id text_ops);
But I'd like to remove the redundant UNIQUE index because PRIMARY KEY is already unique.
I've also many other tables linked to the hash_id of my steps table with foreign keys.
When I try to remove my UNIQUE index like this:
ALTER TABLE steps DROP CONSTRAINT steps_hash_id_key;
I get
ERROR: cannot drop constraint steps_hash_id_key on table steps because other objects depend on it
DETAIL: constraint steps_routes_step_hash_id_fkey on table steps_routes depends on index steps_hash_id_key
constraint steps_likes_dislikes_step_hash_id_fkey on table steps_likes_dislikes depends on index steps_hash_id_key
HINT: Use DROP ... CASCADE to drop the dependent objects too.
The matter is that I don't want to cascade delete anything, I'd just like to remove this duplicated unique index. Is it possible ?
Thanks to the discussion in comments (#Gordon Linoff) here's a way to fix this issue:
Drop foreign keys
Drop Primary Keys and Unique Keys
Recreate Primary Key only
Recreate Foreign Keys
ALTER TABLE steps_routes DROP CONSTRAINT steps_routes_step_hash_id_fkey;
ALTER TABLE steps_likes_dislikes DROP CONSTRAINT steps_likes_dislikes_step_hash_id_fkey;
ALTER TABLE steps DROP CONSTRAINT steps_pkey;
ALTER TABLE steps DROP CONSTRAINT steps_hash_id_key;
ALTER TABLE steps ADD PRIMARY KEY (hash_id);
ALTER TABLE steps_routes ADD FOREIGN KEY (step_hash_id) REFERENCES steps(hash_id) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
ALTER TABLE steps_likes_dislikes ADD FOREIGN KEY (step_hash_id) REFERENCES steps(hash_id) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
I'm having the following problem with DB2:
I need to change a column name (column "A"), but the thing is that column A has a PK constraint and a FK constraint. So I need to drop this constraints first, change the column name and then create the constraints again. But I remember a Professor told me once that you can't create a foreign key in a column which already has values. Is that true?
This is my script:
ALTER TABLE TARGET_TABLE
DROP PRIMARY KEY PK_A CASCADE;
ALTER TABLE TARGET_TABLE
RENAME COLUMN A TO B;
alter table TARGET_TABLE
add CONSTRAINT PK_B PRIMARY KEY( B);
alter table TARGET_TABLE add CONSTRAINT FK_B FOREIGN KEY( B) REFERENCES OTHER_TABLE(C);
Thanks in advance.
You can create a foreign key on a column which already has values. The only restriction is that the values must be be valid for the FK you are defining.
If not you will get an error such as
SQL0667N The FOREIGN KEY "I..." cannot be created because the table contains
rows with foreign key values that cannot be found in the parent key of the
parent table. SQLSTATE=23520
I have a table that is missing a column in its primary key constraint. Instead of editing it through SQL Server, I want to put this in a script to add it as part of our update scripts.
What syntax can I use to do this? Must I drop and recreate the key constraint?
Yes. The only way would be to drop the constraint with an Alter table then recreate it.
ALTER TABLE <Table_Name>
DROP CONSTRAINT <constraint_name>
ALTER TABLE <Table_Name>
ADD CONSTRAINT <constraint_name> PRIMARY KEY (<Column1>,<Column2>)
PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT cannot be altered, you may only drop it and create again. For big datasets it can cause a long run time and thus - table inavailability.
Performance wise there is no point to keep non clustered indexes during this as they will get re-updated on drop and create.
If it is a big data set you should consider renaming the table (if possible , any security settings on it?), re-creating an empty table with the correct keys migrate all data there.
You have to make sure you have enough space for this.
In my case, I want to add a column to a Primary key (column4).
I used this script to add column4
ALTER TABLE TableA
DROP CONSTRAINT [PK_TableA]
ALTER TABLE TableA
ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_TableA] PRIMARY KEY (
[column1] ASC,
[column2] ASC,
[column3] ASC,
[column4] ASC
)
PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT can only be drop and then create again.
For example in MySQL:
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP PRIMARY KEY;
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD PRIMARY KEY (Column1,Column2);
you can rename constraint objects using sp_rename (as described in this answer)
for example:
EXEC sp_rename N'schema.MyIOldConstraint', N'MyNewConstraint'
I'm changing constraints in my database and I need to drop some of them. I know that for a single constraint, the command is following:
ALTER TABLE tblApplication DROP CONSTRAINT constraint1_name;
However, when I try
ALTER TABLE tblApplication DROP (
CONSTRAINT constraint1_name,
CONSTRAINT constraint2_name,
CONSTRAINT constraint3_name
);
it doesn't work and I need to do:
ALTER TABLE tblApplication DROP CONSTRAINT constraint1_name;
ALTER TABLE tblApplication DROP CONSTRAINT constraint2_name;
ALTER TABLE tblApplication DROP CONSTRAINT constraint3_name;
Is there a way to remove more than one constraint in a single command? I'd like to avoid repeating ALTER TABLE tblApplication, just like with the ADD command:
ALTER TABLE tblApplication ADD (
CONSTRAINT contraint1_name FOREIGN KEY ... ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT contraint2_name FOREIGN KEY ... ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT contraint3_name FOREIGN KEY ... ENABLE
);
Yes you can. You just need to repeat 'drop constraint' per constraint. e.g.
alter table t1
drop constraint fk1
drop constraint fk2
/
Edit: I tested this against Oracle 11, and it worked fine. Don't know about older versions.
There is an alternative form to drop constraints related to a column in a table, also dropping the column with CASCADE:
ALTER TABLE table1 DROP (columnName) CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
It is tested on Oracle 11g
example: we can drop constraints in MySQL by creating constraints to the variables like this way.
create table sample(id int, name varchar(30), marks int, constraint uid unique(id), constraint un unique(name));
alter table sample drop constraint uid, drop constraint un;
Yes, we can drop multiple at once:
ALTER TABLE TABLE NAME
DROP CONSTRAINTS CONSTRAINT VALUE
DROP CONSTRAINTS CONSTRAINT VALUE;
I have a table in Oracle which has following schema:
City_ID Name State Country BuildTime Time
When I declared the table my primary key was both City_ID and the BuildTime, but now I want to change the primary key to three columns:
City_ID BuildTime Time
How can I change the primary key?
Assuming that your table name is city and your existing Primary Key is pk_city, you should be able to do the following:
ALTER TABLE city
DROP CONSTRAINT pk_city;
ALTER TABLE city
ADD CONSTRAINT pk_city PRIMARY KEY (city_id, buildtime, time);
Make sure that there are no records where time is NULL, otherwise you won't be able to re-create the constraint.
You will need to drop and re-create the primary key like this:
alter table my_table drop constraint my_pk;
alter table my_table add constraint my_pk primary key (city_id, buildtime, time);
However, if there are other tables with foreign keys that reference this primary key, then you will need to drop those first, do the above, and then re-create the foreign keys with the new column list.
An alternative syntax to drop the existing primary key (e.g. if you don't know the constraint name):
alter table my_table drop primary key;
Sometimes when we do these steps:
alter table my_table drop constraint my_pk;
alter table my_table add constraint my_pk primary key (city_id, buildtime, time);
The last statement fails with
ORA-00955 "name is already used by an existing object"
Oracle usually creates an unique index with the same name my_pk. In such a case you can drop the unique index or rename it based on whether the constraint is still relevant.
You can combine the dropping of primary key constraint and unique index into a single sql statement:
alter table my_table drop constraint my_pk drop index;
check this:
ORA-00955 "name is already used by an existing object"