What are some good ways to do this? Is it even possible to do cleanly?
Ideally I'd like to use packet headers to decide which server should handle requests. However, if there is an easier/better way let me know.
It's impossible for both servers to listen on the same port at the same IP address: since a single socket can only be opened by a single process, only the first server configured for a certain IP/port combination will successfully bind, and the second one will fail.
You will thus need a workaround to achieve what you want. Easiest is probably to run Apache on your primary IP/port combination, and have it route requests for IIS (which should be configured for a different IP and/or port) to it using mod_rewrite.
Keep in mind that the alternative IP and port IIS runs on should be reachable to the clients connecting to your server: if you only have a single IP address available, you should take care to pick an IIS port that isn't generally blocked by firewalls (8080 might be a good option, or 443, even though you're running regular HTTP and not SSL)
P.S. Also, please note that you do need to modify the IIS default configuration using httpcfg before it will allow other servers to run on port 80 on any IP address on the same server: see Micky McQuade's answer for the procedure to do that...
I found this post which suggested to have two separate IP addresses so that both could listen on port 80.
There was a caveat that you had to make a change in IIS because of socket pooling. Here are the instructions based on the link above:
Extract the httpcfg.exe utility from the support tools area on the Win2003 CD.
Stop all IIS services: net stop http /y
Have IIS listen only on the IP address I'd designated for IIS: httpcfg set iplisten -i 192.168.1.253
Make sure: httpcfg query iplisten (The IPs listed are the only IP addresses that IIS will be listening on and no other.)
Restart IIS Services: net start w3svc
Start the Apache service
For people with only one IP address and multiple sites on one server, you can configure IIS to listen on a port other than 80, e.g 8080 by setting the TCP port in the properties of each of its sites (including the default one).
In Apache, enable mod_proxy and mod_proxy_http, then add a catch-all VirtualHost (after all others) so that requests Apache isn't explicitly handling get "forwarded" on to IIS.
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName foo.bar
ServerAlias *
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8080/
</VirtualHost>
Now you can have Apache serve some sites and IIS serve others, with no visible difference to the user.
Edit: your IIS sites must not include their port number in any URLs within their responses, including headers.
You need at least mod_proxy and mod_proxy_http which both are part of the distribution (yet not everytime built automatically). Then you can look here: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html
Simplest config in a virtualhost context is:
ProxyPass /winapp http://127.0.0.1:8080/somedir/
ProxyPassReverse /winapp http://127.0.0.1:8080/somedir/
(Depending on your webapp, the actual config might become more sophisticated. )
That transparently redirects every request on the path winapp/ to the windows server and transfers the resulting output back to the client.
Attention: Take care of the links in the delivered pages: they aren't rewritten, so you can save yourself lotsa hassle if you generally use relative links in your app, like
<a href=../pics/mypic.jpg">
instead of the usual integration nightmare of every link being absolute:
<a href="http://myinternalhostname/somedir/crappydesign.jpg">
THE LATTER IS BAD ALMOST EVERY SINGLE TIME!
For rewriting links in pages there's mod_proxy_html (not to confuse with mod_proxy_http!) but that's another story and a cruel one as well.
Either two different IP addresses (like recommended) or one web server is reverse-proxying the other (which is listening on a port <>80).
For instance: Apache listens on port 80, IIS on port 8080. Every http request goes to Apache first (of course). You can then decide to forward every request to a particular (named virtual) domain or every request that contains a particular directory (e.g. http://www.example.com/winapp/) to the IIS.
Advantage of this concept is that you have only one server listening to the public instead of two, you are more flexible as with two distinct servers.
Drawbacks: some webapps are crappily designed and a real pain in the ass to integrate into a reverse-proxy infrastructure. A working IIS webapp is dependent on a working Apache, so we have some inter-dependencies.
I see this is quite an old post, but came across this looking for an answer for this problem. After reading some of the answers they seem very long winded, so after about 5 mins I managed to solve the problem very simply as follows:
httpd.conf for Apache leave the listen port as 80 and 'Server Name' as FQDN/IP :80.
Now for IIS go to Administrative Services > IIS Manager > 'Sites' in the Left hand nav drop down > in the right window select the top line (default web site) then bindings on the right.
Now select http > edit and change to 81 and enter your local IP for the server/pc and in domain enter either your FQDN (www.domain.com) or external IP close.
Restart both servers ensure your ports are open on both router and firewall, done.
This sounds long winded but literally took 5 mins of playing about. works perfectly.
System:
Windows 8, IIS 8, Apache 2.2
Installing Windows 10 I had this problem: apache(ipv4) and spooler service(ipv6) listening the same 80 port.
I resolved editing apache httpd.conf file changing the line
Listen 80
to
Listen 127.0.0.1:80
That's not quite true. E.g. for HTTP Windows supports URL based port sharing, allowing multiple processes to use the same IP address and Port.
You will need to use different IP addresses. The server, whether Apache or IIS, grabs the traffic based on the IP and Port, which ever they are bound to listen to. Once it starts listening, then it uses the headers, such as the server name to filter and determine what site is being accessed. You can't do it will simply changing the server name in the request
Related
I have already installed an Apache HTTP server in my RedHat system, now I need to install a Bitnami application package which contains another Apache. So I am wondering how to make them not disturbing each other?
I guess I need to configure different ports for the two HTTP server. But what if one has 8080 and another has 9090, will we visit http://[ServerName]:8080/something.html and http://[ServerName]:9090/something.html? I think this way is quite inconvenient. Am I wrong or any better idea?
My advice would be to do something like this.
Have one Apache instance listen in port 80 and the other one in port 8080 for example. The Apache instance that listens in port 80 can act as a proxy to the other Apache (port 8080) using the ProxyPass and ProxyPassReverse directives.
https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.html
You would need to define prefixes or virtual hosts and inside them add ProxyPass directives.
I don't know to what kind of user those applications are targeted to but the usual end-user is not used to enter ports when browsing the web.
If you like to use the ports, go for it, but I would recommend using Name-based Virtual Host
so you could use different domains or subdomains to each application.
In addition to the example provided by the docs (in where they just point to different folders) in this digitalocean page they document how to make redirects to different urls.
I completely agree with EndermanAPM that usual end-user is not used to enter ports when browsing the web. Therefore, I would only allow port 80 to be accessed by the end-users.
Additional to the current solutions I see another one:
avoid messing up the settings of the Apache servers in order to not end-up with some malfunctions of your websites
leave the Apache servers listen on their designated ports (8080 respectively 9090)
install a dedicated proxy in front of the Apache servers. The proxy would listen on port 80 and would define redirect rules that would parse the request and would redirect it to the proper Apache server. (see the attached picture)
I recommend you HA Proxy. It is a very fast and reliable http and tcp proxy. I've been using it in production for years, in front of application servers, web servers and even database servers. Once you get used with its syntax, it is pretty easy to use.
I am aware that introducing a new component into the equation might add another source of potential issues. But I think that the architecture is cleaner. Besides, the two Apache servers will not be disturbing each other as you requested. You can shut down any one of the two and the other one would properly work further.
I have an old site (oldsite.com) running via World Wide Web Publishing Service on a Windows Server 2003 server. I've just create a new site (newsite.com) using the same server but running through Apache. The old site with its service running on port 80 already so I had to config Apache using port 8080. The problem is now when I publish my new site, the url has to be newsite.com:8080. How can I config Apache so that it can contain no port, just newsite.com?
As far as I know from personal experience and research:
Due to the nature of DNS Records you cannot specify the domain to redirect to an IP address and a port.
If both servers are listening on the same port a request would not know which site to direct to.
As the default port the domain specifies is port 80, any other port must be specified for the request to go to the correct location.
Therefor you cannot have newsite.com redirect to the server IP on port 8080, as it can only be directed to the server IP with DNS records. The port must be specified in the URL if it is on a port other than 80.
Edit: I just found this post about using a reverse proxy to do something similar to what you have described. Take a look and see if it helps you.
You cannot have two services listening on the same port. You can change the old site to listen to another port, set apache to port 80, then use mod_proxy to enable the old site to be accessed from apache using virtualhost
I have just make it work. Although in IIS Manager, there was no website listening on 0.0.0.0:80 but I still had to delete this entry by httpcfg tool. After that Apache can start normally.
Is it possible to run multiple apache sites on the same IP, domain and port (meaning the <VirtualHost> tags are exactly identical and no ServerName is given) while using SSL (not sure whether SSL makes a difference here)?
I would like to separate my web services into files in etc/apache2/sites-available to be able to activate or deactivate them on demand. Basically Apache should just take all files and string them together internally, but leave me the possibility to a2dissite certain parts.
Further clarification:
By "sites", I mean files in the etc/apache2/sites-available directory. "Web services" in this context are certain application like phpMyAdmin or an Etherpad which run on the Apache and whose configuration (e.g. Alias or ProxyPass) I want to write into its own configuration file ("site"),
The short answer is no.
SSL operates at a level between TCP and HTTP. But the virtual host name is sent via HTTP. So how does SSL know which certificate to use for a virtual host?
There is a way to do it - basically start up the HTTP over TCP then switch to SSL after the virtual host name (in the Host header) is sent. However this is complex, error prone and generally considered a bad idea.
Best practice is to have one IP per SSL. One machine can have multitple IP addresses, even a single network port can have mulitple IP addresses.
So, I'm pretty new to apache and I'm having some issues finding a solution to my answer.
I have a domain name abcdefg.com (for example) and I have a public facing Fedora apache webserver on my home network at 192.168.10.10. I then have another machine that is a proxmox VE server at 192.168.10.20.
I know I can forward ports and just type [https://abcdefg.com:8006] to get to my proxmox server, but I want to be able to go to abcdefg.com/proxmox and it then somehow make a call to [https://192.168.10.20:8006] internally (https is required).
Can anyone point me in the right direction? I don't need to be spoonfed, I'm just not sure where to start looking. I've already figured out how to use the "Location" tags but its not working for this, seems to be a bit more involved.
--Cheers
You need to run a reverse proxy server, which Apache can do with a few extra mods. This will listen on a specific port (Let's say port 444 in your case) and send requests to whatever IP and port you specify behind the scenes.
See the following link for how to reverse proxy a site: Simple Apache reverse proxy example
Simply change the mywebsite.jamescoyle.net references to point to your internal proxmox box on port 8006 - eg.
ProxyPass https://192.168.10.20:8006/
ProxyPassReverse https://192.168.10.20:8006/
What's use to have a Apache Web Server listening on more than one port?
Can any one explain me the use case?
You may want to use both IPv4 and IPv6, use HTTP and HTTPS, etc.
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/bind.html
You may have multiple network providers, and multiple IP's provided by each. Though listening to 0.0.0.0 will listen to all addresses, sometimes you may want to listen to selected addresses, not all of them.
Edit: Forgot: also an important reason is when you have to serve multiple sites and multiple domains from one host (one IP). You will then use different ports for each different site. They are so called name-based virtual hosts.
If you'll need it, here's a link on how to name-based virtual hosts from apache docs.
I can see at least two possible use cases for that:
Assuming that your application is accessible to the public via port 80. But you wish to manage your database via phpmyadmin (a php tool to manage MySQL servers). Because of that you could configure Apache web server in a way, that it would listen on some other "private" port for phpmyadmin calls. This way, only you and your team can access it.
When you don't have registered domain names with you, you can create multiple sites running on your server and assign different ports to different sites. This way, you could test your site until your domain name gets registered.
well... for http the default port is 80 and HTTPS default is 443
and you can serve in another port for some reason.