New to ns3, thanks!
I added energyModel to my ns3 nodes, and they work well. But I found that when the remaining energy is 0 the node is still work (send and receive packet), I set the EnergyDepletionCallback but I don't how to shutdown the node or NetDevice in my callback.
Here is my energy model:
Ptr<BasicEnergySource> energySource = CreateObject<BasicEnergySource>();
Ptr<WifiRadioEnergyModel> energyModel = CreateObject<WifiRadioEnergyModel>();
energySource->SetInitialEnergy (1);
energyModel->SetEnergySource (energySource);
energySource->AppendDeviceEnergyModel (energyModel);
WifiRadioEnergyModel::WifiRadioEnergyDepletionCallback callback =
MakeCallback (&FqAodvExample::EnergyDepletionCallback, this);
energyModel->SetEnergyDepletionCallback (callback);
// aggregate energy source to node
nodes.Get (i)->AggregateObject (energySource);
ok, I find the answer. In ns-3, there are no concepts of shutdown a node or device. But we can set the interface down to cut off the communication.
Here is my code of EnergyDepletionCallback to set interface down:
std::pair<Ptr<Ipv4>, uint32_t> returnValue = interfaces.Get (i);
Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = returnValue.first;
uint32_t index = returnValue.second;
Ptr<Ipv4Interface> iface = ipv4->GetObject<Ipv4L3Protocol> ()->GetInterface (index);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (Simulator::Now().GetSeconds() << "s Set " << iface->GetAddress(0).GetLocal() << " down.");
ipv4->SetDown (index);
Related
I have connected 2 TI controllers via SPI. The TMS320F28055 controller is my master and the TMS320F2885 controller is my slave. I want to send complete data to the slave via spi. The data always ends up successfully in the SPIDAT register, i.e. the shift register. The shift register should then send the data to the SPIRXBUF - Buffer. Sometimes the data is successfully sent to the buffer and sometimes not it's always very random I've tried a lot. I don't use a FIFO. Does anyone know how I can fix the problem.
I made a table showing the data in the master and slave registers. I also send the configuration of the slave and master.
void spi_init(void)
{
SpiaRegs.SPICTL.all = 0x000E; //Normal SPI clocking scheme(Data in latch on rising edge)master, 4-pin option, No interrupt
SpiaRegs.SPICTL.bit.CLK_PHASE = 1; //1
SpiaRegs.SPIBRR = 0x0077; //BateRate 0.5MHz
SpiaRegs.SPICCR.all = 0x0087; //SPI is ready to transmit or receive the next character.
SpiaRegs.SPICCR.bit.CLKPOLARITY = 0; //0
SpiaRegs.SPIPRI.bit.FREE = 1;
}
This is the code from my master, I use the TMS320F28055:
void spi_init(void)
{
SpiaRegs.SPICCR.bit.SPISWRESET = 0;
SpiaRegs.SPICTL.all = 0x000A; //8 //Normal SPI clocking scheme(Data in latch on rising edge)slave, 4-pin option, No interrupt
SpiaRegs.SPICTL.bit.CLK_PHASE = 1; //1
SpiaRegs.SPIBRR = 0x0077; //BateRate 0.5MHz ist für den Slave nicht notwendig
SpiaRegs.SPICCR.all = 0x0087; //SPI is ready to transmit or receive the next character.
SpiaRegs.SPICCR.bit.CLKPOLARITY = 0; //0
SpiaRegs.SPICTL.bit.SPIINTENA = 1 ;
SpiaRegs.SPICTL.bit.OVERRUNINTENA = 1 ;
SpiaRegs.SPIPRI.bit.FREE = 1;
SpiaRegs.SPICCR.bit.SPISWRESET=1;
}
And this is the code from my slave TMS320F28035.
I'm using an interrupt here, but I've also tried it without an interrupt.
uint16_t pdata = 0x1234;
int dataH, dataL;
dataH = 0;
dataL = 0;
dataH = (pdata >> 8);
dataL = (pdata & 0x00FF);
spi_xmit(dataH);
spi_xmit(dataL);
And with that I send example data, in this case it would be the 0x1234. When I send it it arrives successfully in the shift register and buffer. But if I want to send it more often, the shift register does not completely shift the data into the buffer. To check I debug both microcontrollers at the same time. By the way, I send 8 bits twice in a row. the buffer has a size of 16 bits.
I have the MSP430 configured as an i2c master device and it is talking with two slave devices: a battery fuel gauge (LTC2943) and a battery charger (LT8491 evaluation board). I noticed that when talking with the battery charger, a duplicate byte gets sent over the i2c bus (this is bad); let's call it a 'ghost' byte. I only see this ghost/duplicate byte when talking with the battery charger but never with the fuel gauge. Both of those slave devices are on the same bus and I'm performing the same operation on both of them (reading 2-bytes); see code below. After several days of frustration, I noticed a peculiar difference between the two devices…
I noticed that when I talk to the fuel gauge (i2c address 0x64), the i2c clock line (SCL) idles low. But when I talk to the battery charger (i2c address 0x10) the SCL line idles high. Notice the SCL line behavior after the address byte in the provided pictures (links below). Per the MSP430 datasheet, it is my understanding that the SCL line should be idling LOW after the slave the address is pushed on the line (see page 833 of the MSP430 family guide here: www.ti.com/.../slau367p.pdf). There's a comment that says: "Bus stalled (SCL held low) until data available".
A few questions related to this:
Why does the SCL line idle differently on those two devices (see picture links below) even though they are on the same i2c bus and we are performing the same 2-byte read operation and using the same i2c driver code?
The MSP430 family guide (page 833) has that comment that says: "Bus stalled (SCL held low) until data available". Whose responsibility it is to hold the SCL low in this case? Is it the master (MSP430) or the slave device?
In the same page of the family guide (page 833), there are cases where it appears that a certain action needs to be performed DURING the transmission of a data byte, is this a hard requirement? For example, let's consider the case where we want to write one byte to the slave device, then follow it with a repeated start and then read one byte. The timing diagram on page 833 implies that we need to set UCTR=0 and UCTXSTT=1 DURING the transmission of the current data byte. What would happen if we set these registers AFTER the data byte has been transmitted?
The 'ghost' byte that I am seeing when talking with the battery charger is basically the MSP430 pushing the contents of the TXBUF out on the bus again! This occurs even after we have already configured the the MSP430 to be in receive mode. Please notice how/when/where I am toggling P4.6 in code as well as in the logic captures (see pictures). Why does this ghost byte happen?! Why does the MSP430 push it's TXBUF out on the line again?
Zoomed out picture of i2c communication:
Zoomed in picture with fuel gauge (good communication):
Zoomed in picture with battery charger (bad communication):
My code:
#include <string.h>
#include "driverlib.h"
#define BATTERY_CHARGER_I2C_ADDR ( 0x10 )
#define FUEL_GAUGE_I2C_ADDR ( 0x64 )
#define GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS ( 3 ) //When waiting for an i2c flag/condition, timeout after 3 milliseconds so we don't get stuck waiting forever
//local (static) functions
static void init_hardware( void );
static bool hwm_i2c_master_receive_data( uint8_t slave_addr, uint8_t* read_ptr, uint8_t size_bytes );
static bool hwm_i2c_master_send_data( uint8_t slave_addr, uint8_t* write_ptr, uint8_t size_bytes, bool issue_stop );
void main (void)
{
uint8_t write_data;
uint8_t read_data[2];
//Initialize HWM manager
init_hardware();
while(1)
{
__delay_cycles( 1000000 ); //delay for about 1 second (1 cycle ~ 1us)
//read 2 bytes from fuel gauge
write_data = 0x08;//address of voltage register
hwm_i2c_master_send_data( FUEL_GAUGE_I2C_ADDR, &write_data, 1, false );
hwm_i2c_master_receive_data(FUEL_GAUGE_I2C_ADDR, read_data, 2);
//read 2 bytes from battery charger
write_data = 0x28;//address of Rsense1 configuration register
hwm_i2c_master_send_data( BATTERY_CHARGER_I2C_ADDR, &write_data, 1, false );
hwm_i2c_master_receive_data( BATTERY_CHARGER_I2C_ADDR, read_data, 2);
}
} //main()
static void init_hardware( void )
{
Timer_A_initContinuousModeParam timerA_cont_param;
//Disable internal watchdog timer
WDTCTL = WDTPW | WDTHOLD;
//Set VLO to drive ACLK with a divider of 1 (i.e. run ACLK at 10KHz)
CS_initClockSignal( CS_ACLK, CS_VLOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_1 );
//This block of code basically initializes TimerA1 to run continuously at 1KHz
memset( &timerA_cont_param, 0, sizeof(timerA_cont_param) );
timerA_cont_param.clockSource = TIMER_A_CLOCKSOURCE_ACLK; //ACLK to drive TimerA1
timerA_cont_param.clockSourceDivider = TIMER_A_CLOCKSOURCE_DIVIDER_10; //Divide ACLK by 10 in order to get 1KHz
timerA_cont_param.timerInterruptEnable_TAIE = TIMER_A_TAIE_INTERRUPT_DISABLE; //Disable TimerA1 overflow interrupt
timerA_cont_param.timerClear = TIMER_A_DO_CLEAR; //Clear/reset TimerA1 counter
timerA_cont_param.startTimer = true; //Start TimerA1 counter
Timer_A_initContinuousMode( TIMER_A1_BASE, &timerA_cont_param );
//Configure P4.6 as an output pin for debugging (timing purposes)
GPIO_setAsOutputPin( GPIO_PORT_P4, GPIO_PIN6 );
GPIO_setOutputLowOnPin( GPIO_PORT_P4, GPIO_PIN6 );
//This block initializes the i2c peripheral
//Configure pins P1.6 (SDA) and P1.7 (SCL) for I2C (secondary module functionality)
GPIO_setAsPeripheralModuleFunctionInputPin( GPIO_PORT_P1, ( GPIO_PIN6 | GPIO_PIN7 ), GPIO_SECONDARY_MODULE_FUNCTION );
PMM_unlockLPM5(); //Clear the LOCKLPM5 bit so the GPIO and i2c configuration takes effect
//Configure the I2C bus
EUSCI_B_I2C_initMasterParam i2c_master_init_param = {0};
i2c_master_init_param.selectClockSource = EUSCI_B_I2C_CLOCKSOURCE_SMCLK; //use SMCLK clock signal
i2c_master_init_param.i2cClk = CS_getSMCLK(); //Give SMCLK freq in Hz
i2c_master_init_param.dataRate = EUSCI_B_I2C_SET_DATA_RATE_100KBPS; //100KBps datarate
i2c_master_init_param.byteCounterThreshold = 0; //Don't care because 'no auto stop'
i2c_master_init_param.autoSTOPGeneration = EUSCI_B_I2C_NO_AUTO_STOP; //We will handle the stop bit manually
EUSCI_B_I2C_initMaster( EUSCI_B0_BASE, &i2c_master_init_param );
EUSCI_B_I2C_enable(EUSCI_B0_BASE); //Enable the I2C bus (i.e. pull it out of reset state)
}
static bool hwm_i2c_master_receive_data( uint8_t slave_addr, uint8_t* read_ptr, uint8_t size_bytes )
{
bool proceed;
proceed = true;
//Basic sanity checks on address and size
if( NULL == read_ptr || 0 == size_bytes )
{
return false;
}
//Set P4.6 high for debugging (see scope captures)
GPIO_setOutputHighOnPin( GPIO_PORT_P4, GPIO_PIN6 );
UCB0I2CSA = slave_addr; //Set slave address
UCB0CTLW0 &= ~UCTR; //Set I2C bus in receiver (read) mode
UCB0IFG &= ~UCNACKIFG; //Clear NACK interrupt flag (fresh start)
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTT; //Issue START condition
//Wait for START condition to complete
TA1R = 0;
while( proceed && (UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTT) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTT));
//If size is one byte, request STOP condition now! This is time critical (but not sure why :/)
if( proceed && (1 == size_bytes) )
{
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTP;
}
//Check that we received ACK from slave
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0IFG & UCNACKIFG));
//Loop through and pull the requested number for bytes from the RX buffer
while( proceed && (size_bytes > 0) )
{
//Wait for RX buffer to be ready/full
TA1R = 0;
while( (!(UCB0IFG & UCRXIFG0)) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (UCB0IFG & UCRXIFG0);
if( proceed )
{
*read_ptr = UCB0RXBUF; //Pull byte out of RX buffer
read_ptr++; //Increment pointer
size_bytes--; //Decrement number of bytes left to read
//If there's only one byte left to read, request STOP condition. This is time critical (again, not sure why)
if( 1 == size_bytes )
{
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTP;
}
}
}
//Wait for the STOP condition to complete
TA1R = 0;
while( (UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTP) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTP));
if( !proceed )
{
//If we got here, it means something went bad (e.g. timed out or slave NACK'ed),
//let's request STOP to terminate communication
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTP;
//wait for stop to complete
TA1R = 0;
while( (UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTP) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
}
//Clear P4.6
GPIO_setOutputLowOnPin( GPIO_PORT_P4, GPIO_PIN6 );
return proceed;
} //hwm_i2c_master_receive_data()
static bool hwm_i2c_master_send_data( uint8_t slave_addr, uint8_t* write_ptr, uint8_t size_bytes, bool issue_stop )
{
bool proceed;
proceed = true;
//Basic sanity checks on address and size
if( NULL == write_ptr || 0 == size_bytes )
{
return false;
}
UCB0I2CSA = slave_addr; //Set slave address
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTR; //Set I2C bus in transmit mode
UCB0IFG &= ~UCNACKIFG; //Clear NACK interrupt flag (fresh start)
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTT; //Issue START condition
//Wait for START condition to complete
TA1R = 0;
while( proceed && (UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTT) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTT));
//At this point, we have just pushed the slave address over the i2c line.
//According to the MSP430 datasheet, the MSP430 would/should hold the
//SCL line low until we put something in the UCB0TXBUF.
//In other words, during this delay, the SCL should be held low. This is
//true when talking with the fuel gauge (LTC2943) but is NOT the case when
//talking with the battery charger! Why is that?!
__delay_cycles( 100 ); //delay of ~100us, please notice the SCL line (pictures) during this delay
//Wait for tx buffer to be ready/empty
TA1R = 0;
while( proceed && (!(UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG0)) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG0);
//Check that we received ACK from slave
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0IFG & UCNACKIFG));
//Loop through and send the data
while( proceed && (size_bytes > 0) )
{
//Set P4.6 high for debugging
GPIO_setOutputHighOnPin( GPIO_PORT_P4, GPIO_PIN6 );
//Place byte in tx buffer for transmission
UCB0TXBUF = *write_ptr;
//Wait for byte to flush out of tx buffer
TA1R = 0;
while( proceed && (!(UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG0)) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG0);
//Check the ACK after every byte to make sure it went ok
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0IFG & UCNACKIFG));
//Increment write pointer and decrement remaining size
write_ptr++;
size_bytes--;
}
//If caller requested a STOP condition to be sent
if( proceed && issue_stop )
{
//Issue STOP condition
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTP;
//Wait for STOP condition to go through
TA1R = 0;
while( (UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTP) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
proceed = proceed && (!(UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTP));
}
if( !proceed )
{
//If we got here, it means something went bad (e.g. timed out or slave NACK'ed),
//let's request STOP to terminate communication
UCB0CTLW0 |= UCTXSTP;
//wait for stop to complete
TA1R = 0;
while( (UCB0CTLW0 & UCTXSTP) && (TA1R < GENERAL_I2C_TIMEOUT_MS) );
}
GPIO_setOutputLowOnPin( GPIO_PORT_P4, GPIO_PIN6 );
return proceed;
} //hwm_i2c_master_send_data()
I am trying to implement the WINC1500 MLA Driver to work with the ATMEGA2561 MCU and I have written my driver code and it's stuck on the line "while((SPSR & (1 << SPIF)) == 0);" in the m2mStub_SpiTxRx function.
I have no idea why it's not progressing through. I'm using the jumpstart ImageCraft IDE for this project.
Here's the implementation of it
void m2mStub_SpiTxRx(uint8_t *p_txBuf,
uint16_t txLen,
uint8_t *p_rxBuf,
uint16_t rxLen)
{
uint16_t byteCount;
uint16_t i;
// Calculate the number of clock cycles necessary, this implies a full-duplex SPI.
byteCount = (txLen >= rxLen) ? txLen : rxLen;
DEBUGOUTF("Calculate the number of clock cycles\n");
DEBUGOUTF("byteCount %d", byteCount, "\n");
DEBUGOUTF("txLen %d", txLen, "\n");
DEBUGOUTF("rxLen %d", rxLen, "\n");
// Read / Transmit.
for (i = 0; i < byteCount; ++i)
{
// Wait for transmitter to be ready. (This is causing the entire thing to crash)
while((SPSR & (1 << SPIF)) == 0);
// Transmit.
if (txLen > 0)
{
// Send data from the transmit buffer.
SPDR = (*p_txBuf++);
--txLen;
}
else
{
// No more Tx data to send, just send something to keep clock active.
SPDR = 0x00U;
}
// Wait for transfer to finish.
while((SPSR & (1 << SPIF)) == 0);
// Send dummy data to slave, so we can read something from it.
SPDR = 0x00U;
// Wait for transfer to finish.
while((SPSR & (1 << SPIF)) == 0);
// Read or throw away data from the slave as required.
if (rxLen > 0)
{
*p_rxBuf++ = SPDR;
--rxLen;
}
else
{
// Clear the registers
volatile uint8_t reg_clear = 0U;
reg_clear = SPDR;
(void)reg_clear;
}
}
}
I don't have enough information to say for sure, but my assumption is that your SPI connection is not set up correctly.
In particular, I guess you forgot to set /SS as output, same as this problem or this.
In the datasheet it says:
Master Mode When the SPI is configured as a master (MSTR in SPCR is
set), the user can determine the direction of the SS pin.
If SS is configured as an output, the pin is a general output pin
which does not affect the SPI system. Typically, the pin will be
driving the SS pin of the SPI slave.
If SS is configured as an input, it must be held high to ensure Master
SPI operation. If the SS pin is driven low by peripheral circuitry
when the SPI is configured as a master with the SS pin defined as an
input, the SPI system interprets this as another master selecting the
SPI as a slave and starting to send data to it. To avoid bus
contention, the SPI system takes the following actions:
The MSTR bit in SPCR is cleared and the SPI system becomes a slave. As a result of the SPI becoming a slave, the MOSI and SCK pins become
inputs.
The SPIF flag in SPSR is set, and if the SPI interrupt is enabled, and the I-bit in SREG is set, the interrupt routine will be executed.
Thus, when interrupt-driven SPI transmission is used in master mode,
and there exists a possibility that SS is driven low, the interrupt
should always check that the MSTR bit is still set. If the MSTR bit
has been cleared by a slave select, it must be set by the user to
re-enable SPI master mode.
So, you just need to configure the /SS pin as output and set to high in your init code, this should solve your problem:
DDRB |= (1 << PB0); // Set /SS (PB0) as output
PORTB |= (1 << PB0); // Set /SS (PB0) high
I'm trying to set up an UART communication with a HM-10 chip on a Texas Instruments MSP430 Launchpad, but I ran into a very elementary problem.
What I want to achieve is to send an "AT" through UART to HM-10, and receive an answer for that. By the way this is a code I found here and I slightly modified for my purposes.
#include "msp430g2553.h"
const char string[] = { "AT" };
unsigned int i;
void main(void)
{
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Stop the Watch dog
//------------------- Configure the Clocks -------------------//
if (CALBC1_1MHZ==0xFF) // If calibration constant erased
{
while(1); // do not load, trap CPU!!
}
DCOCTL = 0; // Select lowest DCOx and MODx settings
BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_1MHZ; // Set range
DCOCTL = CALDCO_1MHZ; // Set DCO step + modulation
//---------------- Configuring the LED's ----------------------//
P1DIR |= BIT0 + BIT6; // P1.0 and P1.6 output
P1OUT &= ~BIT0 + BIT6; // P1.0 and P1.6 = 0
//--------- Setting the UART function for P1.1 & P1.2 --------//
P1SEL |= BIT1 + BIT2; // P1.1 UCA0RXD input
P1SEL2 |= BIT1 + BIT2; // P1.2 UCA0TXD output
//------------ Configuring the UART(USCI_A0) ----------------//
UCA0CTL1 |= UCSSEL_2 + UCSWRST; // USCI Clock = SMCLK,USCI_A0 disabled
UCA0BR0 = 104; // 104 From datasheet table-
UCA0BR1 = 0; // -selects baudrate =9600,clk = SMCLK
UCA0MCTL = UCBRS_1; // Modulation value = 1 from datasheet
//UCA0STAT |= UCLISTEN; // loop back mode enabled
UCA0CTL1 &= ~UCSWRST; // Clear UCSWRST to enable USCI_A0
//---------------- Enabling the interrupts ------------------//
IE2 |= UCA0TXIE; // Enable the Transmit interrupt
IE2 |= UCA0RXIE; // Enable the Receive interrupt
_BIS_SR(GIE); // Enable the global interrupt
i = 0;
UCA0TXBUF = string[i]; // Transmit a byte
_BIS_SR(LPM0_bits + GIE); // Going to LPM0
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------//
// Transmit and Receive interrupts //
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------//
#pragma vector = USCIAB0TX_VECTOR
__interrupt void TransmitInterrupt(void)
{
P1OUT ^= BIT0;//light up P1.0 Led on Tx
if (i == sizeof string - 1)
{
UC0IE &= ~UCA0TXIE;
}
UCA0TXBUF = string[i++];
}
#pragma vector = USCIAB0RX_VECTOR
__interrupt void ReceiveInterrupt(void)
{
// light up P1.6 LED on RX
if (UCA0RXBUF == 'O')
{
P1OUT ^= BIT6;
}
IFG2 &= ~UCA0RXIFG; // Clear RX flag
}
According to the datasheet I should receive an OK answer for this command.
If there was an 'O' in the RX buffer, I would expect the LED to light up on my board, but that doesn't happen.
Using Code Composer, I also verified with adding a breakpoint to the RX interrupt that there is indeed no RX answer.
I believe this is entirely a software question, that's why I put it here. I'm using the correct rotation of jumpers(http://xanthium.in/Serial-Communication-MSP430-UART-USCI_A) and RX is wired to TX and vica versa.
I would appreciate if you could point out if I was doing anything conceptionally wrong or if I just made a mistake. Thank you!
I see a problem in the interrupt routine TransmitInterrupt(): you should use UCA0TXBUF = string[++i]; because using "i++" you transmit two times the letter "A". The test about sizeof(string) should also be retouched.
Then, I would not trust too much the datasheet. I think that, despite what the datasheet says, every command sent to the modem must be terminated by CR (\r), otherwise how could the modem discern an "AT" from an "AT+RESET"? I am not really sure but the datasheet doesn't seem a high quality one. Anyway, it's a quick test (to add a \r to the end of the string).
Finally, the CTS and RTS signals can play a role too. Some modem wants RTS asserted, other modems don't care, and terminology sometimes is confusing: when datasheet says RTS, does it mean RTS of the modem or RTS of the host? I hope this helps, you should do a few scientific tries.
I think for everyone who is working with HM-10 devices in the future I want to answer this question, because it has I think its own sort of mini-literature, which was first frustrating, but then I kind of liked the challenges it posed to me.
Some of the problems are hardware related, so this post might need to be moved to an embedded engineering section. (Great consequence - you cannot be 100% sure before checking it with a scope)
Know your hardware - HM-10 has tons of versions, and it turned our one needed an extra potential divider because it has a 3.3V logic level high instead of 5V. This website is a fantastic place to start. Though, ours turned out to be an MLT-BT05 which is a clone of a clone. It doesn't have iBeacon capability on its firmware, so if you don't want to power cycling, then you should probably avoid this one.
About the coding bit the most important thing is to check with \n, \r and \n\r, as linuxfan briefly mentioned its importance above, because some of the devices need it. The best place to start is AT and if it works, then use AT+HELP and find the version, usually AT+VERSION command so you can identify with 100% certainty which chip you have.
Currenetly it is prototyped on an Arduino, but I will include working code as soon as its finished on MSP430.
The Arduino code:
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial bluetooth(9, 10); // RX, TX
char commandbuffer[50];
int j = 0;
void setup()
{
memset(commandbuffer, 0, sizeof(commandbuffer));
analogWrite(12, 255);
analogWrite(11, 0);
// Start the hardware serial port
Serial.begin(19200);
bluetooth.begin(9600);
// un REM this to set up a Master and connect to a Slave
Serial.println("BLE CC41A Bluetooth");
Serial.println("----------------------------------");
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("Trying to connect to Slave Bluetooth");
delay(1000);
bluetooth.println("AT"); // just a check
delay(2000);
bluetooth.println("AT+NAMEHIST");
delay(2000);
bluetooth.println("AT+ROLE0");
delay(2000);
bluetooth.println("AT+INQ"); // look for nearby Slave
delay(5000);
bluetooth.println("AT+CONN1"); // connect to it */
}
void loop()
{
bluetooth.listen();
// while there is data coming in, read it
// and send to the hardware serial port:
while (bluetooth.available() > 0) {
char inByte = bluetooth.read();
Serial.write(inByte);
}
// Read user input if available.
if (Serial.available()) {
delay(10); // The DELAY!
char temp = Serial.read();
if (temp == '\n')
{
bluetooth.println(commandbuffer);
Serial.println(commandbuffer);
memset(commandbuffer, 0, sizeof(commandbuffer));
j = 0; // Reset
}
else
{
commandbuffer[j++] = temp;
}
delay(500);
}
I'm trying to use the capture module on a PIC 16LF1827, but the ISR is never entered. I started with a basic falling-edge interrupt (worked), then added in the timer 1 configuration (still working), then disabled the IOC interrupt and configured/enabled the relevant CCP interrupt (ISR is never entered). The code is below: the commented section is the original basic IOC setup.
I've verified with the MPLab debugger that the ISR is not entered, and confirmed this by hooking it up to a logic analyzer and watching RB1.
#include "htc.h"
//config1
//internal osc, no wdt, use power-up timer, enable reset
// no code protection, brown-out-reset enabled, clkout is gpio,
// internal-external switchover off, failsafe clock monitor off
__CONFIG(FOSC_INTOSC & WDTE_OFF & PWRTE_ON
& MCLRE_ON & CP_OFF & CPD_OFF & BOREN_ON
& CLKOUTEN_OFF & IESO_OFF & FCMEN_OFF);
//config2 (following MPLab's complaints when running debugger)
//low-voltage programming off, debug on, brown-out reset at 2.7 v
// stack over/under flow triggers reset, no 4x pll,
// no flash write protection
__CONFIG(LVP_OFF & DEBUG_ON & BORV_27
& STVREN_ON & PLLEN_OFF & WRT_OFF);
void interrupt isr(void){
//bounce pin 1
LATB ^= 0b10;
LATB ^= 0b10;
if(IOCIF && IOCBF0){
IOCBF0 = 0;
IOCIF = 0;
}
if (CCP1IF){
CCP1IF = 0;
}
}
void main(void){
//configure internal oscillator:
//PLL = 0, source = from config 1, frequency = 4 mhz
//0b0: SPLLEN_OFF
OSCCONbits.SPLLEN = 0b0;
//0b00: use config word 1
OSCCONbits.SCS = 0b00;
//0b1101: 4 mhz frequency
OSCCONbits.IRCF = 0b1101;
//configure peripherals
//PORT A: LEDs (output), digital
TRISA = 0x00;
ANSELA = 0;
//PORT B: digital, 0 = input, 1 = output, rest don't care
TRISB = 0b11111101;
ANSELB = 0;
//configure timer 1 (not needed for basic IOC)
//source = instruction clock, prescale = 1:1, disable LP osc, do synchronize (DC)
//0b00: instruction clock
T1CONbits.TMR1CS = 0b00;
//0b00: 1:1
T1CONbits.T1CKPS = 0b00;
//0b0: lp osc off
T1OSCEN = 0b0;
//0b0: synch (ignored)
nT1SYNC = 0b0;
//interrupts
/*
//IOC enabled on falling edge for port B 0
IOCBN0 = 0b00000001;
IOCIE = 1;
*/
//Capture on falling edge for port B 0
//notes in 23.1 of DS: disable interrupt, set operating mode, clear flag, enable interrupt
CCP1IE = 0b0;
//0b100: every falling edge
CCP1CONbits.CCP1M = 0b100;
CCP1IF = 0b0;
CCP1IE = 0b1;
//enable peripheral interrupts, global interrupts
PEIE = 1;
GIE = 1;
//start timer 1
TMR1ON = 1;
while(1){
//Toggle led 0
LATA ^= 0b1;
}
}
I'm using the HI-TECH C compiler (lite), running in MPLab.
Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. My apologies if I butcher terminology, this is my first project on a PIC.
Your setting for TRISB1 is as an output. According to the datasheet, the capture pin needs to be configured as an input. For the GPIO pins, setting the TRIS bit a 0 is an output, 1 is for an input.
EDIT: Forgive the initial stupid answer as I didn't realize you were using PORTB1 as a GPIO indicator for your scope.
So initially you used PORTB0 as your capture pin correct (using IOC)? The capture module uses a different GPIO port for its input (PORTB3 for CCP1). Did you move the connection to PORTB3 for your capture source?
EDIT: After some more looking through the PIC datasheet I noticed that CCP1's GPIO pin can be moved from PORTB3 to PORTB0 but I don't see any reference to how you set the APFCON0.CCP1SEL bit. That would be something else to check.